98 Amendments of Angélique DELAHAYE related to 2016/0382(COD)
Amendment 67 #
(6 a) Biofuels that are the result of protein production can be used and valued as first-generation biofuels, not only they have a positive impact on arable land, the environment and greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector, but they are also part of a circular economy since the co-products are thus recycled; the co-products from these crops also enable the European Union to be less dependent on imports and free up arable land in third countries;
Amendment 71 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 6 b (new)
Recital 6 b (new)
(6 b) Whereas the principle of circular economy can apply to all crops generating co-products that can be used and valued as biofuel, nevertheless recalls that the production of biofuel must not divert the primary object of these crops;
Amendment 90 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 6 a (new)
Recital 6 a (new)
(6a) Biofuels that are the result of protein production can be used and promoted as first-generation biofuels, for not only do they have a positive impact on arable land, the environment and greenhouse gas emissions of the transport sector, but they also form part of a circular economy since the by-products are thus recycled; the by-products from these crops also enable the European Union to be less dependent on imports and liberate arable land in third countries.
Amendment 93 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 7
Recital 7
(7) It is thus appropriate to establish a Union binding target-range of at least 27% to 33% share of renewable energy. Member States should define their contribution to the achievement of this target by setting up their indicative trajectories as part of their Integrated National Energy and Climate Plans through the governance process set out in Regulation [Governance]. The Commission should assist Member States in this process by setting up the indicative benchmarks to ensure the fair contribution of each Member State to the target on renewable energy in 2030.
Amendment 107 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 9
Recital 9
(9) The national targets and sub- targets set for 2020 should constitute Member States' minimum contribution to the new 2030 framework. Under no circumstances the national share of renewables in all sectors of the energy system, should fall below such contribution and, in case this happens, the relevant Member States should take the appropriate measures to ensure that this baseline is maintained as well as contribute to the financial instrument referred to in Regulation [Governance].
Amendment 137 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 51
Recital 51
(51) The specific situation of the outermost regions is recognised in Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The energy sector in the outermost regions is often characterised by isolation, limited and more costly supply and dependence on fossil fuels while these regions benefit from important local renewable sources of energy, particularly biomass. The outermost regions could thus serve as examples of the application of innovative energy technologies for the Union. It is therefore necessary to promote the uptake ofadapt the renewable energy strategy in order to achieve a higher degree of energy autonomy for those regions, to strengthen the security of supply, and recognise their specific situation in terms of renewable energy potential and public support needs. Moreover, the outermost regions should be able to fully exploit their resources, in compliance with the strict sustainability criteria and in keeping with specific local needs, in order to step up their renewable energy output and strengthen their energy independence.
Amendment 142 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 20
Recital 20
(20) It is necessary to set transparent and unambiguous rules for calculating the share of energy from renewable sources and for defining those sources. In this context, the energy present in oceans and other bodies of water in the form of waves, marine currents, tides, ocean thermal energy gradients or salinity gradients should be included.
Amendment 143 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 20 a (new)
Recital 20 a (new)
Amendment 148 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62
Recital 62
(62) The European Strategy for a low- carbon mobility of July 2016 pointed out that food-based biofuels have a limitedess significant role in decarbonising the transport sector and should be gradually phased out and replaced by advanced biofuels. To prepare for the transition towards advanced biofuels and minimise the overall indirect land-use change impacts, it is appropriate to reduce the amount of biofuels and bioliquids produced from food and feed crops that can be counted towards the Union target set out in this Directivecompared with advanced biofuels. To protect the investments made, keep the trust of investors and fulfil an ambitious target of incorporating renewable energy into the transport sector, it is appropriate to keep a maximum threshold of 7% for biofuels produced from food and feed crops, and to accelerate the deployment of advanced biofuels.
Amendment 153 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 25 a (new)
Recital 25 a (new)
(25a) In order to facilitate the use of renewable energy in the transport sector Member States shall jointly endeavour to gradually increase the share of renewable energy supplied for transport to at least 15% in 2030 at Union level.
Amendment 156 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62 a (new)
Recital 62 a (new)
(62a) European crops for conventional biofuels have an ILUC impact that is the same or similar to that of advanced biofuels, and much less than that of palm oil or soybean1a. The various types of conventional biofuels should therefore be differentiated. Those that comply with the sustainability criteria should be taken into account in the Member States’ climate targets. Biofuels which lead to deforestation or the drainage of peatland, and for which the increase in greenhouse gas emissions linked to the transport of feedstock significantly reduces their decarbonisation potential, should be banned. _________________ 1aEtude Globiom, August 2015: http://www.globiom-iluc.eu/iluc-study- now-available-online/
Amendment 157 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62 b (new)
Recital 62 b (new)
(62b) The sustainability criteria for biofuels take into account all the direct and indirect effects of their manufacture. Biofuels are part of a circular economy when they are manufactured from by- products, waste or residues. They take up a small proportion of farmland, are beneficial with regard to crop rotation and diversification and to making use of fallow land according to the CAP’s agri- environment measures, and do not, on their own, cause food prices to go up.
Amendment 158 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62 c (new)
Recital 62 c (new)
(62c) The EU is 70 % dependent on imports from third countries for the supply of animal proteins, largely from GM crops from North America and Latin America. Production conditions in those countries and the transport required increase greenhouse gas emissions. Reducing European dependence on animal proteins through the policy on biofuels, one of their by-products, helps the EU to meet its Paris Agreement climate targets.
Amendment 159 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62 d (new)
Recital 62 d (new)
(62d) The conventional biofuels sector creates direct and indirect jobs and supports work in rural areas. It is also a source of diversification for farmers and of income stability that is vital to keeping the sector, which has been in crisis for a number of years, economically viable.
Amendment 162 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 63
Recital 63
(63) Directive (EU) 2015/1513 of the European Parliament and of the Council23 called on the Commission to present without delay a comprehensive proposal for a cost-effective and technology-neutral post-2020 policy in order to create a long- term perspective for investment in sustainable biofuels with a low risk of causing indirect land-use change and in other means of decarbonising the transport sector. An 15 % incorporation obligation on fuel suppliers can provide certainty for investors, ensure that decarbonisation in the transport sector is achieved, and encourage the continuous development of alternative renewable transport fuels, including crop-based biofuels that fulfil the sustainability criteria, advanced biofuels, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin, and renewable electricity in transport. It is appropriate to set the obligation on fuel suppliers at the same level in each Member State in order to ensure consistency in transport fuel specifications and availability. As transport fuels are traded easily, fuel suppliers in Member States with low endowments of the relevant resources should be able to easily obtain renewable fuels from elsewhere. _________________ 23 23 Directive (EU) 2015/1513 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 September 2015 amending Directive 98/70/EC relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (OJ L 239, 15.9.2015, p. 1).
Amendment 164 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 51
Recital 51
(51) The specific situation of the outermost regions is recognised in Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The energy sector in the outermost regions is often characterised by isolation, limited and more expensive supply and dependence on fossil fuels while these regions benefit from important local renewable sources of energy, in particular biomass. The outermost regions could thus serve as examples of the application of innovative energy technologies for the Union. It is therefore necessary to promote the uptake ofadjust the renewable energy strategy in order to achieve a higher degree of energy autonomy for those regions, strengthen security of supply and recognise their specific situation in terms of renewable energy potential and public support needs. On the other hand, the outermost regions should be able to use the full potential of their resources, in accordance with the criteria of strict sustainability and in line with local conditions, in order to increase the production of renewable energies and strengthen their energy independence.
Amendment 165 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 51
Recital 51
(51) The specific situation of the outermost regions is recognised in Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The energy sector in the outermost regions is often characterised by isolation, limited supply and dependence on fossil fuels while these regions benefit from important local renewable sources of energy, such as marine energies. The outermost regions could thus serve as examples of the application of innovative energy technologies for the Union. It is therefore necessary to promote the uptake of renewable energy in order to achieve a higher degree of energy autonomy for those regions and recognise their specific situation in terms of renewable energy potential and public support needs.
Amendment 168 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 64
Recital 64
(64) Advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non- biological origin, and renewable electricity in transport can contribute to low carbon emissions, stimulating the decarbonisation of the Union transport sector in a cost- effective manner, and improving inter alia energy diversification in the transport sector while promoting innovation, growth and jobs in the Union economy and reducing reliance on energy imports. The incorporation obligation of 15 % of renewable energy by 2030 on fuels suppliers should encourage continuous development of advanced fuels, including biofuels, and it is important to ensure that the incorporation obligation also incentivises improvements in the greenhouse gas performance of the fuels supplied to meet it. The Commission should assess the greenhouse gas performance, technical innovation and sustainability of those fuels, and take into account the availability of feedstocks, particularly regarding their use in other, non-energy, sectors.
Amendment 173 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 66
Recital 66
(66) Feedstocks which have low indirect land use change impacts when used for biofuels, should be promoted for their contribution to the decarbonisation of the economy. Especially feedstocks for advanced biofuels, for which technology is more innovative and less mature and therefore needs a higher level of support, should be included in an annex to this Directive. Feedstocks eligible for advanced biofuels comply with the principle of waste hierarchy and do not bring about any significant distortions to the products, waste and residues market. In order to ensure that this annex is up to date with the latest technological developments while avoiding unintended negative effects, an evaluation should take place after the adoption of the Directive in order to assess the possibility to extend the annex to new feedstocks.
Amendment 185 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62
Recital 62
(62) The European Strategy for a low- carbon mobility of July 2016 pointed out that food-based biofuels have a limitedess important role in decarbonising the transport sector and should be gradually phased out and replaced by advanced biofuels. To prepare for the transition towards advanced biofuels and minimise the overall indirect land-use change impacts, it is appropriate to reduce the amount of biofuels and bioliquids produced from food and feed crops that can be counted towards the Union target set out in this Directivethan advanced biofuels. In order to protect the investments that have been made, to ensure investor confidence and to pursue an ambitious goal of incorporating renewable energies in transport, a maximum threshold of 7% should be maintained for biofuels produced from food and feed crops, and the deployment of advanced biofuels should be accelerated.
Amendment 190 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62 a (new)
Recital 62 a (new)
Amendment 191 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62 b (new)
Recital 62 b (new)
(62b) The sustainability criteria for biofuels shall take into account all the direct and indirect effects that result from their manufacture. Biofuels are part of a circular economy when they are made from by-products, waste or residues. They occupy a minor share of agricultural land, are involved in the rotation and diversification of agricultural crops and the use of set-aside under the CAP’s agri- environmental measures and do not by themselves lead to an increase in the price of foodstuffs.
Amendment 192 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62 c (new)
Recital 62 c (new)
(62c) The European Union is 70% dependent on imports from third countries for the supply of animal proteins, the vast majority consisting of GMO crops in North America and Latin America. Production conditions in these countries as well as transport lead to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions. Reducing Europe’s dependence on animal protein through the policy on biofuels, which are a by-product, therefore contributes to attaining the Union's climate targets within the framework of the Paris Agreement.
Amendment 193 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62 d (new)
Recital 62 d (new)
(62d) The conventional biofuels sector represents an economy providing direct and indirect employment, which contributes to maintaining activity in rural areas. It is also a source of diversification for farmers and stability of income essential to maintaining the economic viability of this sector which has been in crisis for several years.
Amendment 194 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 63
Recital 63
(63) Directive (EU) 2015/1513 of the European Parliament and of the Council23 called on the Commission to present without delay a comprehensive proposal for a cost-effective and technology-neutral post-2020 policy in order to create a long- term perspective for investment in sustainable biofuels with a low risk of causing indirect land-use change and in other means of decarbonising the transport sector. An incorporation obligation on fuel suppliers can provide certainty for investorsto incorporate 15% of renewable energy can provide certainty for investors, ensure the decarbonisation of transport and encourage the continuous development of alternative renewable transport fuels including biofuels from food crops that meet the criteria of sustainability, advanced biofuels, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin, and renewable electricity in transport. It is appropriate to set the obligation on fuel suppliers at the same level in each Member State in order to ensure consistency in transport fuel specifications and availability. As transport fuels are traded easily, fuel suppliers in Member States with low endowments of the relevant resources should be able to easily obtain renewable fuels from elsewhere. __________________ 23 Directive (EU) 2015/1513 of the Directive (EU) 2015/1513 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 September 2015 amending Directive 98/70/EC relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (OJ L 239, 15.9.2015, p. 1).
Amendment 199 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 75
Recital 75
(75) It is appropriate to introduce Union- wide sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria for biomass fuels used in the electricity and heating and cooling generation, in order to continue to ensure high greenhouse gas savings compared to fossil fuel alternatives, to avoid unintended sustainability impacts, and to promote the internal market. Without causing any damage to primary resources of high environmental value, the outermost regions should be able to exploit their resources with a view to boosting how much renewable energy they generate and increasing their energy independence.
Amendment 201 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 64
Recital 64
(64) ACrop-based biofuels, advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non- biological origin, and renewable electricity in transport can contribute to low carbon emissions, stimulating the decarbonisation of the Union transport sector in a cost- effective manner, and improving inter alia energy diversification in the transport sector while promoting innovation, growth and jobs in the Union economy and reducing reliance on energy imports. The incorporation obligationobligation to incorporate 15% of renewable energy by 2030 on fuels suppliers should encourage continuous development of advanced fuels, including biofuels, and it is important to ensure that the incorporation obligation also incentivises improvements in the greenhouse gas performance of the fuels supplied to meet it. The Commission should assess the greenhouse gas performance, technical innovation and sustainability of those fuels and take account of the availability of raw materials, particularly with regard to their use in other non-energy sectors.
Amendment 215 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 78
Recital 78
(78) Biomass fuels should be converted into electricity and heat in an efficient way in order to maximise energy security and greenhouse gas savings, as well as to limit emissions of air pollutants and minimise the pressure on limited biomass resources. For this reason, public support to installations with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 MW, if needed, should only be given to highly efficient combined power and heat installations as defined Article 2(34) of Directive 2012/27/EU. Existing support schemes for biomass- based electricity should however be allowed until their due end date for all biomass installations. In addition electricity produced from biomass in new installations with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 MW should only count towards renewable energy targets and obligations in the case of highly efficient combined power and heat installations. In accordance with State aid rules, Member States should however be allowed to grant public support for the production of renewables to installations, and count the electricity they produce towards renewable energy targets and obligations, in order to avoid an increased reliance on fossil fuels with higher climate and environmental impacts where, after exhausting all technical and economic possibilities to install highly efficient combined heat and power biomass installations, Member States would face a substantiated risk to security of supply of electricity. In particular, support for renewable energy production from biomass to be set up in outermost regions which are highly reliant on energy imports should be bolstered, provided that the strict sustainability criteria for the production of the renewable energy – adapted to the regions’ specific conditions – are met.
Amendment 219 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 65 a (new)
Recital 65 a (new)
(65a) The Commission, together with the Member States, should work towards implementing a single cross-checking traceability database for all biofuels. Such a system is necessary to interlink national schemes and to have a verified and transparent traceability system at Union level.
Amendment 221 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 66
Recital 66
(66) Feedstocks which have low indirect land use change impacts when used for biofuels, should be promoted for their contribution to the decarbonisation of the economy. Especially feedstocks for advanced biofuels, for which technology is more innovative and less mature and therefore needs a higher level of support, should be included in an annex to this Directive. The raw materials eligible for advanced biofuels are sufficiently available and do not compete with other higher added-value non-energy outlets, such as agri-food production or biochemistry. In order to ensure that this annex is up to date with the latest technological developments while avoiding unintended negative effects, an evaluation should take place after the adoption of the Directive in order to assess the possibility to extend the annex to new feedstocks.
Amendment 223 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 66
Recital 66
(66) FHighly sustainable crop-based feedstocks, as well as feedstocks which have low indirect land use change impacts when used for biofuels, should be promoted for their contribution to the decarbonisation of the economy. Especially feedstocks for advanced biofuels, for which technology is more innovative and less mature and therefore needs a higher level of support, should be included in an annex to this Directive. In order to ensure that this annex is up to date with the latest technological developments while avoiding unintended negative effects, an evaluation should take place after the adoption of the Directive in order to assess the possibility to extend the annex to new feedstocks.
Amendment 241 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 72 a (new)
Recital 72 a (new)
(72a) EU sustainability criteria for biofuel, bioliquids and biomass fuels have to ensure that the transition to a low- carbon economy supports the objectives of the Circular Economy Action Plan and is firmly guided by the EU waste hierarchy.
Amendment 241 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point dd
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point dd
dd) ‘food and feed crops’ means starch- rich crops, sugars and oil crops produced on agricultural land as a main crop excluding residues, waste or ligno- cellulosic material;. Intermediate crops, such as secondary crops and cover crops, are not considered main crops.
Amendment 245 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 75
Recital 75
(75) It is appropriate to introduce Union- wide sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria for biomass fuels used in the electricity and heating and cooling generation, in order to continue to ensure high greenhouse gas savings compared to fossil fuel alternatives, to avoid unintended sustainability impacts, and to promote the internal market. Without prejudice to the strict respect of primary resources with high environmental value, the outermost regions should be able to use the potential of their resources in order to increase the production of renewable energies and their energy independence.
Amendment 245 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point ee
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point ee
(ee) ‘advanced biofuels’ means biofuels that are produced from feedstocks listed in part A of Annex IXAnnex IX; they must comply with the principle of the waste hierarchy and avoid significant distortions in the markets for products, waste or residues;
Amendment 271 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 78
Recital 78
(78) Biomass fuels should be converted into electricity and heat in an efficient way in order to maximise energy security and greenhouse gas savings, as well as to limit emissions of air pollutants and minimise the pressure on limited biomass resources. For this reason, public support to installations with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 MW, if needed, should only be given to highly efficient combined power and heat installations as defined Article 2(34) of Directive 2012/27/EU. Existing support schemes for biomass- based electricity should however be allowed until their due end date for all biomass installations. In addition electricity produced from biomass in new installations with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 MW should only count towards renewable energy targets and obligations in the case of highly efficient combined power and heat installations. In accordance with State aid rules, Member States should however be allowed to grant public support for the production of renewables to installations, and count the electricity they produce towards renewable energy targets and obligations, in order to avoid an increased reliance on fossil fuels with higher climate and environmental impacts where, after exhausting all technical and economic possibilities to install highly efficient combined heat and power biomass installations, Member States would face a substantiated risk to security of supply of electricity. In particular, support for installations producing renewable energy from biomass in outermost regions heavily dependent on energy imports should be strengthened, provided that strict sustainability criteria are met for the production of such renewable energy, adapted to the specific features of these regions.
Amendment 310 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point q
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point q
(q) ‘non-food cellulosic material’ means feedstocks mainly composed of cellulose and hemicellulose, and having a lower lignin content than ligno-cellulosic material; it includes food and feed crop residues (such as straw, stover, husks and shells), grassy energy crops with a low starch content (such as ryegrass, switchgrass, miscanthus, giant cane) and cover crops before and after main crops), industrial residues (including from food and feed crops after vegetal oils, sugars, starches and protein have been extracted), and material from biowaste;
Amendment 313 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 a (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 a (new)
Both the gradual reduction to 3.8% in 2030 and the possibility for Members States to set lower limits shall not apply to biofuels produced from protein crops as co-products. For the latter, Member States shall be entitled to implement incentive measures to favour their use, for example by setting a specific obligation of incorporation within the limit of 7%, or beyond that limit pending the effective availability of advanced biofuels.
Amendment 324 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point dd a (new)
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point dd a (new)
(dda) ‘highly sustainable crop-based biofuels’ means biofuels that: – are produced from cereals, other starch-rich crops, sugars and oil crops, – save the GHG emissions in compliance with the criteria laid down in Article 26(7) when compared to fossil fuel in accordance with the methodology referred to in Article 28(1), – generate high value protein, other animal feed or cellulosic by-products, and – are produced from feedstocks obtained in accordance with the requirements and standards laid down in Article 93 of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council.
Amendment 326 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point e e
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point e e
(ee) ‘advanced biofuels’ means biofuels that are produced from feedstocks listed in part A of Annex IX; they must comply with the principle of the waste hierarchy and avoid significant distortive effects on markets for products, waste or residues;
Amendment 371 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point n n
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point n n
(nn) ‘biowaste’ means biodegradable garden and park waste, food and kitchen waste from households, restaurants, caterers and retail premises, and comparable waste from the food processing industrywaste as defined in point (4) of Article 3 of Directive 2008/98/EC;
Amendment 373 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point qq a (new)
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point qq a (new)
(qqa) 'biomethane' means a renewable gas with the same physical properties as natural gas and obtained either by the purification of biogas produced by methanisation or by gasification or CO2 hydrogenation;
Amendment 377 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point uu a (new)
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point uu a (new)
(uua) ‘waste hierarchy’ means the waste hierarchy defined in accordance with Article 4 (1) of Directive 2008/98/EC, as amended by Directive XX / XX (COD 2015/0275);
Amendment 377 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph -1 (new)
Article 25 – paragraph -1 (new)
-1. The proportion of renewable energy in the transport sector has increased from 10 % in 2020 to 15 % in 2030 at Union level. The Member States may set more ambitious national targets.
Amendment 382 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 3 – paragraph 1
Article 3 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall collectively ensure that: (a) the share of energy from renewable sources in the Union’s gross final consumption of energy in 2030 is at least 27%within the target-range of at least 27% (binding) and 33% (indicative); (b) the share of energy from renewable sources in all forms of transport in 2030 is at least 15 % of the final consumption of energy in transport at Union level; (c) the contribution from biofuels and bioliquids, as well as from biomass fuels consumed in transport, if produced from food or feed crops is no more than 7 % of the calculation of the Union’s gross final consumption of energy in transport in 2030; and (d) from 1 January 2021, the contribution from biofuels and bioliquids, as well as from biomass fuels consumed in transport, if produced from feedstock with land use emissions greater than 160 gCO2eq/MJ, is no more than 10 % of the total biofuel mix at Union level and is gradually reduced to 1 % by 31 December 2030.
Amendment 383 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
With effect from 1 January 2021, Member States shall require fuel suppliers to include a minimum share of energy from crop-based biofuels, advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non- biological origin, from waste-based fossil fuels and from renewable electricity in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year.
Amendment 392 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2 a (new)
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2 a (new)
This is without prejudice for the possibility for Member States to apply a 7% share for biofuels produced from protein crops. For the latter, Member States shall be allowed to implement incentive measures to favour their use, for example by setting a specific obligation of incorporation within the limit of 7%, or beyond that limit pending the effective availability of advanced biofuels.
Amendment 393 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 3 – paragraph 2
Article 3 – paragraph 2
2. Member States’ respective contributions to this overall 2030 target- range shall be set and notified to the Commission as part of their Integrated National Energy and Climate Plans in accordance with Articles 3 to 5 and Articles 9 to 11 of Regulation [Governance].
Amendment 394 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
The greenhouse gas emission savings from the use of advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX shall be at least 760% as of 1 January 2021.
Amendment 395 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 3 – paragraph 2 a (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 2 a (new)
2a. By the end of 2019 the Commission shall set up an indicative benchmarks to ensure the fair contribution of each Member State to the target on renewable energy in 2030. Based on this indicative benchmark member States shall communicate their indicative trajectories.
Amendment 402 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 1
Article 4 – paragraph 1
1. Subject to StateWithout prejudice to Articles 107 aind rules108 TFEU, in order to reach the Union target set in Article 3(1), Member States may apply support schemes. Support schemes for electricity from renewable sources shall be market-based and designed sto as to avoid unnecessary distortions of electricity markets and ensure that producers take into account the supply and demand of electricity as well as possible grid constrainrespond to market signals in order to encourage market integration and avoid unnecessary distortions of electricity markets.
Amendment 405 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 2
Article 4 – paragraph 2
2. Support for electricity from renewable sources shall be designed so as to integrate electricity from renewable sources in the electricity market and ensure that renewable energy producers are responding to market price signals and maximise their market revenues. Member States my foresee exemptions for small- scale installations, where Member States can demonstrate that the administrative cost of directly or indirectly selling produced electricity in the market would be disproportionate, as well as for demonstration projects.
Amendment 408 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 3
Article 4 – paragraph 3
3. Member States shall ensure that support for renewable electricity is granted in anthrough open, transparent, competitive, non- discriminatory and cost-effective mannertenders, except for small-scale installations, demonstration projects, and where Member States can demonstrate that tenders cannot be made competitive or would lead to a sub-optimal outcome, i.e. higher support levels or/and lower project realization rates.
Amendment 409 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – paragraph 2
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – paragraph 2
For the calculation of the numerator, the contribution from biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock included in part B of Annex IX shall be limited to 1.7% of the energy content of transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market and the contribution of fuels supplied in the aviation and maritime sector shall be considered to be 1.2 times their energy content; the use of feedstock included in part B of Annex IX must comply with the principle of the waste hierarchy and avoid significant distortions in the markets for products, waste or residues;.
Amendment 410 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 3
Article 4 – paragraph 3
3. Member States shall ensure that support for renewable electricity is granted in an open, transparent, competitive, non- discriminatory and cost-effective manner. This support can include technology- specific tender procedures.
Amendment 411 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 3 a (new)
Article 4 – paragraph 3 a (new)
3a. Member States may apply technology specific support on the basis of one or several of the following justifications, which shall be duly substantiated: (a) a long-term potential of a given technology; (b) diversification of the energy mix; (c) system integration costs; (d) grid stability; (c) environmental constrains.
Amendment 412 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 4
Article 4 – paragraph 4
Amendment 419 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 5 – paragraph 1
Article 5 – paragraph 1
1. Following a cost-benefit analysis, Member States shall open support for electricity generated from renewable sources to generators located in other Member States under the conditions laid down in this Article.
Amendment 422 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Biomass fuels shall have to fulfil the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria set out in paragraphs 2 to 7 only if used in installations producing electricity, heating and cooling or fuels with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 MW in case of solid biomass fuels and with an electrica fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 02.5 MW in case of gaseous biomass fuels. Member States may apply the sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria to installations with lower fuel capacity.
Amendment 428 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Subject to the second subparagraph of Article 26 (1), biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels that do not fulfil the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria set out in Article 26(2) to (78a) shall not be taken into account.
Amendment 429 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 a (new)
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 a (new)
By way of derogation from the preceding paragraphs, taking account of the special characteristics of these territories as established in Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Article 26 shall not apply to the outermost regions. Within six months of the entry into force of this Directive, the Commission shall present to Parliament and the Council a legislative proposal which sets out the greenhouse gas sustainability and reduction criteria applicable to the outermost regions. Those criteria shall take into account specific local characteristics. In particular, these regions should be able to fully exploit their resources, in compliance with the strict sustainability criteria, to increase their generation of renewable energy and to boost their energy independence.
Amendment 446 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
From 1 January 2021, for the calculation of a Member State’s gross final consumption of energy from renewable energy sources, Member States may set a limit for the contribution from biofuels and bioliquids, as well as from biomass fuels consumed in transport, if produced from food or feed crops, shall be no more than 7% of final consumption of energy in road and rail transport in that Member State. This limit shall be reduced to 3,8% in 2030 following the trajectory set out in part A of Annex X produced from food or feed crops, as well as from biomass fuels consumed in transport in that Member State, in accordance with Article 3(1). Member States may set a lower limit and may distinguish between different types of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from food and feed crops, for instance by setting a lower limit for the contribution from food or feed crop based biofuels produced from oil crops, taking into account indirect land use change.
Amendment 458 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 a (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 a (new)
Amendment 481 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 7 – subparagraph 1 – point c
Article 26 – paragraph 7 – subparagraph 1 – point c
c) at least 760 % for biofuelselectricity, heating and bicooliquidng production from biogas produced in installations starting operation after 1 January 2021 and fed into the gas system;
Amendment 484 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 7 – subparagraph 1 – point d
Article 26 – paragraph 7 – subparagraph 1 – point d
d) at least 80 % for electricity, heating and cooling production from biomass fuels, other than biogas fed into the gas system, used in installations starting operation after 1 January 2021 and 85 % for installations starting operation after 1 January 2026. The Commission shall assess, in view of the technology progress made, whether a minimum threshold of 85 % for installations starting operation after 1 January 2026 should be established. The Commission shall propose, where appropriate, that this paragraph be revised by means of a delegated act.
Amendment 497 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 16 – paragraph 2
Article 16 – paragraph 2
2. The single administrative contact point shall guide the applicant through the application process in a transparent manner, provide the applicant with all necessary information, coordinate and involve, where appropriate, other authorities, and deliver, for each application, a legally binding decision at the end of the process.
Amendment 498 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 16 – paragraph 5
Article 16 – paragraph 5
5. Member States shall facilitate the repowering of existing renewable energy plants by, inter alia, ensuring a simplified and swift permit granting process, which shall not exceed one year from the date on which the request for repowering is submitted to the single administrative contact point. In the case of repowering, Members States shall ensure that rights to the grid are maintained for the original project without prejudice of the applicable technical requirements for grid connection.
Amendment 501 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 17 – paragraph 1
Article 17 – paragraph 1
Amendment 525 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – part C – point 6
Annex V – part C – point 6
6. For the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 3, emission savings from improved agriculture management, such as shifting to reduced or zero-tillage, improved crop/rotation, the use of cover crops, including crop residue management, and the use of organic soil improver (e.g. compost, manure fermentation digestate), shall be taken into account only if solid and verifiable evidence is provided that the soil carbon has increased or that it is reasonable to expect to have increased over the period in which the raw materials concerned were cultivated while taking into account the emissions where such practices lead to increased fertiliser and herbicide use. or help to reduce the use of nitrogenous fertilisers produced from fossil fuels.
Amendment 534 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 24 – paragraph 2
Article 24 – paragraph 2
2. Member States shall lay down the necessary measures to allow customers of those district heating or cooling systems which are not 'efficient district heating and cooling' within the meaning of Article 2(41) of Directive 2012/27/EU to disconnect from the system in order to produce heating or cooling from renewable energy sources themselves, or to switch to another supplier of heat or cold which has access to the system referred to in paragraph 4. This disconnection may result in compensation to cover the non- amortised part of the investments made to connect the customer concerned and any other non-amortised investments or disconnection costs.
Amendment 535 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – part B – point 6
Annex VI – part B – point 6
6. For the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 3, emission savings from improved agriculture management, such as shifting to reduced or zero-tillage, improved crop/rotation, the use of cover crops, including crop residue management, and the use of organic soil improver (e.g. compost, manure fermentation digestate), shall be taken into account only if solid and verifiable evidence is provided that the soil carbon has increased or that it is reasonable to expect to have increased over the period in which the raw materials concerned were cultivated while taking into account the emissions where such practices lead to increased fertiliser and herbicide use or help to reduce the use of nitrogenous fertilisers produced from fossil fuels.
Amendment 546 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – part Partie A – point h
Annex IX – part Partie A – point h
Amendment 550 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
With effect from 1 January 2021, Member States shall require fuel suppliers to include a minimum share ofset the fuel incorporation obligation and shall require fuel suppliers to increase gradually the share of renewable energy from biofuels, advanced biofuels and other, highly sustainable crop-based biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin, from waste-based fossil fuels and from renewable electricity to at least 15 % in 2030 in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year.
Amendment 592 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
The greenhouse gas emission savings from the use of advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX shall be at least 760% as of 1 January 2021.
Amendment 660 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
Article 25 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
4. From 1 January 2021, Member States shall put in place a database enabling tracing of transport fuels that are eligible for counting towards the numerator set out in paragraph 1(b), and require the relevant economic operators to enter information on the transactions made and the sustainability characteristics of the eligible fuels, including their life cycle greenhouse gas emissions, starting from their point of production to the fuel supplier that places the fuel on the market.
Amendment 662 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1 a (new)
Article 25 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1 a (new)
By 31 December 2021, the Commission shall set up a dedicated single cross- checking traceability database scheme at Union level to ensure that national schemes are interlinked.
Amendment 696 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
However, biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from waste and residues, other than agricultural, aquaculture, fisheries and forestry residues, need only fulfil the greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria set out in paragraph 7 and the sustainability criteria set in paragraph 8a in order to be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of this paragraph. This provision shall also apply to waste and residues that are first processed into a product before being further processed into biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels.
Amendment 700 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Biomass fuels shall have to fulfil the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria set out in paragraphs 2 to 7 only if used in installations producing electricity, heating and cooling or fuels with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 MW in case of solid biomass fuels and with an electricafuel capacity equal to or exceeding 02.5 MW in case of gaseous biomass fuels. Member States may apply the sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria to installations with lower fuel capacity.
Amendment 713 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 a (new)
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 a (new)
By way of derogation from the previous subparagraphs, taking into account the specific features of these territories as provided for in Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Article 26 shall not apply to the outermost regions. The Commission shall submit a legislative proposal to Parliament and the Council within 6 months of the entry into force of this Directive to define the criteria for sustainability and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions for the outermost regions. These criteria shall take into account local specificities. In particular, these regions should be able to use the full potential of their resources, in accordance with the strict sustainability criteria in order to increase the production of renewable energies and strengthen their energy independence.
Amendment 734 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 4
Article 26 – paragraph 4
4. Biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from agricultural biomass taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 shall not be made from raw material obtained from land that was peatland in January 2008 unless evidence is provided to show that the cultivation and harvesting of that raw material does not involve drainage of previously undrained soil.
Amendment 750 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point i
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point i
i) harvesting is carried out in accordance to the conditions of the harvesting permit or equivalent proof of the legal right to harvest within the legally gazetted boundaries;
Amendment 843 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 2
Article 26 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 2
When evidence referred to in the first subparagraph is not available, the biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forest biomass shall be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 if management systems are in place at forest holdingsupply base level to ensure that carbon stocks and sinks levels in the forest are maintained.
Amendment 861 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 7 – subparagraph 1 – point a
Article 26 – paragraph 7 – subparagraph 1 – point a
(a) at least 50 % for biofuels, fuel derived from biomethane for use in transport and bioliquids produced in installations in operation on or before 5 October 2015;
Amendment 864 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 7 – point b
Article 26 – paragraph 7 – point b
(b) at least 60 % for biofuels, fuels derived from biomethane for use in transport and bioliquids produced in installations starting operation from 5 October 2015;
Amendment 869 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 7 – point c
Article 26 – paragraph 7 – point c
(c) at least 70 % for biofuels, fuels derived from biomethane for use in transport and bioliquids produced in installations starting operation after 1 January 2021;
Amendment 902 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 8 a (new)
Article 26 – paragraph 8 a (new)
8a. The production of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from waste, (by)products and residues, other than agricultural, aquaculture, fisheries and forestry residues, taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b), and (c) of paragraph 1 shall be in line with the principle of the waste hierarchy and avoid significant distortive effects on markets for (by)products, wastes or residues. The Commission shall adopt a delegated act set in accordance with article 32 establishing detailed rules on the application of this paragraph.
Amendment 918 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. Where biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels are to be taken into account for the purposes referred to in Articles 23 and 25 and in points (a), (b) and (c) of Article 26(1), Member States shall require economic operators to show that the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria set out in Article 26(2) to (78 a) have been fulfilled. For that purpose they shall require economic operators to use a mass balance system which:
Amendment 932 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 27 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
Article 27 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
4. The Commission may decide that voluntary national or international schemes setting standards for the production of biomass products contain accurate data for the purposes of Article 26(7), and/or demonstrate that consignments of biofuels, bioliquids or biomass fuels comply with the sustainability criteria set out in Article 26(2), (3), (4), (5) and (6), and/or that no materials have been intentionally modified or discarded so that the consignment or part thereof would fall under Annex IX. When demonstrating that requirements set out in Article 26(5) and (6) for forest biomass are met, the operators may decide to directly provide the required evidence at the forest holdingsupply base level. The Commission may also recognise areas for the protection of rare, threatened or endangered ecosystems or species recognised by international agreements or included in lists drawn up by intergovernmental organisations or the International Union for the Conservation of Nature for the purposes of Article 26(2)(b)(ii).
Amendment 936 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 27 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
Article 27 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
4. The Commission may decide that voluntary national or international schemes setting standards for the production of biomass products contain accurate data for the purposes of Article 26(7), and/or demonstrate that consignments of biofuels, bioliquids or biomass fuels comply with the sustainability criteria set out in Article 26(2), (3), (4), (5), (6) and (68a), and/or that no materials have been intentionally modified or discarded so that the consignment or part thereof would fall under Annex IX. When demonstrating that requirements set out in Article 26(5) and (6) for forest biomass are met, the operators may decide to directly provide the required evidence at the forest holding level. The Commission may also recognise areas for the protection of rare, threatened or endangered ecosystems or species recognised by international agreements or included in lists drawn up by intergovernmental organisations or the International Union for the Conservation of Nature for the purposes of Article 26(2)(b)(ii). (see wording of Article 26 para 8 a new - adaptation in Article 27 para 4 is a logicalOr. en consequence)
Amendment 945 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 27 – paragraph 7 a (new)
Article 27 – paragraph 7 a (new)
7a. The Commission may, at any time, verify the reliability of the information relating to the fulfilment of the sustainability criteria or the greenhouse gas emission saving submitted by economic operators operating on the Union market or at the request of a Member State.
Amendment 979 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 32 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
Article 32 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
The delegation of power referred to in Articles 7(5), 7(6); 19(11), 19(14), 25(6) , 26(8 a) and 28(5)
Amendment 989 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 6
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 6
6. For the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 3, emission savings from improved agriculture management, such as shifting to reduced or zero-tillage, improved crop/rotation, the use of cover crops, including crop residue management, and the use of organic soil improver (e.g. compost, manure fermentation digestate), shall be taken into account only if solid and verifiable evidence is provided that the soil carbon has increased or that it is reasonable to expect to have increased over the period in which the raw materials concerned were cultivated while taking into account the emissions where such practices lead to increased fertiliser and herbicide use. 2015/1513 Art. 2.13 and Annex II.1 or contribute to reducing the use of nitrogenous fertilisers produced from fossil fuels.
Amendment 1006 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 6
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 6
6. For the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 3, emission savings from improved agriculture management, such as shifting to reduced or zero-tillage, improved crop/rotation, the use of cover crops, including crop residue management, and the use of organic soil improver (e.g. compost, manure fermentation digestate), shall be taken into account only if solid and verifiable evidence is provided that the soil carbon has increased or that it is reasonable to expect to have increased over the period in which the raw materials concerned were cultivated while taking into account the emissions where such practices lead to increased fertiliser and herbicide use or contribute to reducing the use of nitrogenous fertilisers produced from fossil fuels.
Amendment 1024 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – Part A – point b
Annex IX – Part A – point b
Amendment 1029 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – Part A – point g
Annex IX – Part A – point g
Amendment 1035 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – Part A – point h
Annex IX – Part A – point h
Amendment 1067 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – Part B – point c
Annex IX – Part B – point c
Amendment 1080 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex X – Part A
Annex X – Part A