Activities of Joëlle MÉLIN related to 2020/2217(INI)
Shadow reports (1)
REPORT on a European strategy for data
Amendments (29)
Amendment 6 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 29 a (new)
Citation 29 a (new)
- having regard to the OECD report entitled 'Building back better: a sustainable, resilient recovery after COVID-19', published on 5 June 2020,
Amendment 7 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 29 b (new)
Citation 29 b (new)
- having regard to the programmatic book entitled 'COVID-19: The Great Reset', a plan to 'reset the world' published by the World Economic Forum and co-signed by Klaus Schwab and Thierry Malleret,
Amendment 12 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A a (new)
Recital A a (new)
Aa. whereas the volume of data stored worldwide will increase from 33 ZB in 2018 to 175 ZB in 2025, and whereas the internet of things and China will account for a significant proportion of this sharp rise;
Amendment 20 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas data is an essential resource for economic growth, job creation and societal progress and is a keyand information are resources which contribute to economic growth, job creation and the organisation of our societies, and whereas they are used to rationalise economic and social behaviour in the hope of enabler ofing the transition to greensustainable and climate- neutral societies;
Amendment 35 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
Recital C
C. whereas the Union must urgently take action to reap the benefits of data by building an ethically sustainable, human- centric, trustworthy and secure data society that respects human rights and democracyfirst of all comply with the laws on personal data and the right to anonymity, and may also consider ways of making European data more secure and less vulnerable to foreign attacks;
Amendment 41 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
Recital D
D. whereas all uses of personal and/or business data should be consistent with the General Data Protection Regulation and the e-Privacy Directive;
Amendment 54 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
Recital E
E. whereas the Union should be an active global player in settingcooperation between EU Member States can play a key role in the fight for data control and data sovereignty, and whereas rules basfounded on itsthe values flowing from that cooperation would protect Europeans effectively;
Amendment 58 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E a (new)
Recital E a (new)
Ea. whereas in 2018 a cyber attack cost the victim USD 13 million on average, and whereas that cost is increasing every year;
Amendment 61 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E b (new)
Recital E b (new)
Eb. whereas Article 16 TFEU states that everyone has the right to the protection of their personal data;
Amendment 62 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E c (new)
Recital E c (new)
Ec. whereas in its digital package published on 19 February 2020 the Commission states that ICT today accounts for between 5% and 9% of global electricity consumption and 2% of CO2 emissions and that the volume of data transferred and stored will continue to grow exponentially in the years to come; whereas, further, the 2018 study on artificial intelligence drawn up by the Joint Research Centre already suggested that data centres and data transmission could account for 3 to 4% of the Union's total electricity consumption;
Amendment 64 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Welcomes the Commission communication entitled ‘A European strategy for data’; notes the determination to create a framework guaranteeing European data sovereignty, but points out that this concept has not yet been defined; believes that it is a prerequisite for the viability of European industries and enterprises and nascent AI, and a vital step towards a democratic data society, whicheffective data control under democratic scrutiny, and that it will bring better services, growth and jobs;
Amendment 93 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Believes that the Union’s aim must be an EU-governed, human-centric, data- driven society society driven by data, information and the objective analysis of that data, governed by the Member States on the basis of cooperation and centred on the freedom of the individual, built on trust and values of privacy, transparency and fundamental rights;
Amendment 102 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3 a (new)
Paragraph 3 a (new)
3a. Emphasises the importance of the concept of individual responsibility in connection with the transmission of data, whether personal or public;
Amendment 108 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Notes that a well-built data society benefits all, which rules out any possibility of mass surveillance, empowers workers instead of lowering their working conditions, and does not lead to restrictions on freedoms, inequality or digital gaps;
Amendment 127 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
6. Stresses that the Union’'s data strategy must support sustainability, the Green Deal and Union’s climate targetscompetitiveness and a healthy and sustainable economy for the Union;
Amendment 192 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 a (new)
Paragraph 14 a (new)
14a. Emphasises the importance of genuinely European data governance, and, in that connection, calls for the introduction of supervisory mechanisms which enable the EU and the Member States, at their respective levels, to decide what kinds of data are to be exchanged;
Amendment 223 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 18
Paragraph 18
18. Calls on the Commission to examineand the Member States to defend actors’ rights to access data they have been involved in generating;
Amendment 262 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 23
Paragraph 23
23. Calls on the Commission and the Member States, in order to strengthen to make the Union’s technological sovereignty, to work o a reality at long last, to work on purely European technologies that facilitate data sharing and analytics, and to invest in capacity building and high-impact projects to promote research, innovation and deployment of digital technologies;
Amendment 266 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 23 a (new)
Paragraph 23 a (new)
23a. Draws attention to the high energy cost of storing data in data centres; proposes, in the context of the ethical assessment of data management and the development of AI, and in parallel with the initiatives taken by GAFAM, that the EU consider setting up European 'green data centres' which would guarantee its independence as regards data collection and management and, at the same time, ensure that data storage is ethical and sustainable;
Amendment 275 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24
Paragraph 24
24. Recalls that the success of the Union’s data and AI strategies depends on the wider ICT ecosystem, closing the digital gap, developing the IoT, fibre, 5G, 6G, quantum, edge computing, block chain and high-performance computing;
Amendment 280 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 25
Paragraph 25
25. Calls on the Commission to promote competitive markets reserved for European firms to support the development of European cloud offerings, e.g. Gaia-x; emphasises, by way of an example, the way in which the original idea underpinning the public cloud project Gaia-x, that of a purely European project, has been lost, since it will now involve US, Chinese and Indian tech firms and the lobby group Digital Europe, which includes Google, Apple and Facebook among its members, has just applied to join the service providers' collective;
Amendment 309 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 27 a (new)
Paragraph 27 a (new)
27a. Draws attention to the significant costs generated by cyber attacks and the rapid increase in those costs over the years; calls, in that connection, for the development of European initiatives coordinated between national actors, with a view to combating such attacks more effectively;
Amendment 330 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 30
Paragraph 30
30. Calls for public and private funding for SMEsclear rules and criteria governing public and private funding to be incorporated into existing European and national programmes in order to assist SMEs and enable them, by means of targeted investment, to fully capitalise on the data economy’'s potential;
Amendment 344 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 31
Paragraph 31
31. Calls on social partners to explore the potential of digitalisation, data and AI to increase productivity, improve the well- being and employability of the workforce and invest in upskilling;
Amendment 353 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 32
Paragraph 32
32. Believes that global rules governing the use of data are inadequate; calls on the Commission to work with like-minded and serve only to boost the ever growing power of GAFAM; calls on the Commission and the Member States to work and negotiate with third countries to agree on new international standards to govern the use of new technologies, such as AI;
Amendment 356 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 32 a (new)
Paragraph 32 a (new)
32a. Calls on the Commission to assess existing data exchange relations with third countries, in particular those which do not share our values; calls on the Commission to reconsider these partnerships, if necessary;
Amendment 357 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 32 b (new)
Paragraph 32 b (new)
32b. Takes the view that interference in the affairs of other States through the holding of digitalised data constitutes a serious breach of digital sovereignty; emphasises that certain national authorities, in their capacity as 'digital watchdogs', have voiced concerns regarding access by the authorities in north America to data transferred to the United States, with specific reference to the collection of and access to personal data, and that these actions are often justified by citing national security considerations under the US FISA Act and executive orders; points out that this legal arsenal is rounded off by extraterritoriality rules which become a means of waging economic war, used increasingly frequently by the United States, by providing for the adoption of provisions and measures whose legal reach extends beyond US national territory; takes the view, therefore, that the agreements drawn up in connection with every transfer outside Europe have no coercive force and that data collection methods can turn into completely unsupervised commercial practices;
Amendment 358 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 32 c (new)
Paragraph 32 c (new)
34c. Calls, as a matter of urgency, for the revision and invalidation of the Privacy Shield, the agreement authorising the transfer of data between the European Union and the United States subject to the requirement of reciprocity as regards the equal treatment of American and foreign data on US territory; emphasises, in that connection, that in the Shrems II case the Court of Justice of the European Union found that US surveillance practices remain incompatible with the requirements of the General Data Protection Regulation;
Amendment 365 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 33
Paragraph 33
33. Calls for the free flow of data between the Union and third countries wheto be consistent with the rules on privacy, and security and other legitimate public policy interests are metand private - in particular firms' - policy interests and the sovereignty of Member States; calls on the Commission and the Member States to negotiate new rules for the global digital economy, including the prohibition of unjustified data localisation requirements;