15 Amendments of Maria GRAPINI related to 2020/2013(INI)
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 a (new)
Paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. Recalls its previous positions on lethal autonomous weapons and the necessity to develop an EU common position on lethal autonomous weapon systems ensuring meaningful human control over the critical functions of weapon systems, including during deployment;
Amendment 5 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 a (new)
Paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. Recalls that the obligation to respect and protect the dignity of the human person is a general principle of international law, the source and the main pillar of all fundamental rights enshrined in the Charter, common to the constitutional traditions of EU Member States; stresses therefore that the principle of human dignity should always be the ultimate pattern of control when interpreting and applying the law on artificial intelligence and the essential element establishing the human-centric approach to artificial intelligence, directing its use towards the good of individuals, groups of users, consumers and society as a whole;
Amendment 13 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Notes that in the COVID-19 health crisis, several Member States have launched the development of mobile apps to protect public health by alerting citizens to past contact with someone who has tested positive for the virus; calls for a common EU approach to AI-enabled mobile apps, the development of which must remain under state control; considers that AI-enabled mobile apps must respect the privacy of European citizens and the General Data Protection Regulation;
Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Believes that AI has changed and has helped the development of the transport sector through increasing automation and greater integration and connectivity of transport networks; underlines that, while automation and the integration of AI vary between transport modes; , they have a specific impact on the efficiency and safety of transport;
Amendment 21 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Recalls that the principle of proportionality needs to be respected and that questions of causality and liability need to be clarified to determine the extent to which the State as an actor in public international law, but also in exercising its own authority, can actually transfer that authority to systems based on AI, which have a certain autonomy, without generating additional risks;
Amendment 23 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 5
5. Supports the development and international standardisation of the automation of train operations; encourages the development of automated slot allocation in various transport modes and the use of AI in logistics and other areas of transport to enhance transport safety and efficiency;
Amendment 25 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Urges, therefore, the Member States to assess the risks related to AI- driven technologies before automating activities connected with the exercise of State authority, such as the proper administration of justice; calls on the Member States to consider the need to provide for safeguards, foreseen in Directive (EU) 2018/958, such as supervision and monitoring by a qualified professional and rules on professional ethics;
Amendment 26 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 a (new)
Paragraph 6 a (new)
6a. Recalls that both civil and military use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), commonly referred to as drones, has increased; highlights the potential, among other, that drone deliveries, drone inspections, and drone surveillance hold for citizens and society; urges the EU to cooperate on the international level to develop two separate set of international norms for civil and military drone use; stresses the need for the EU to be a norm- setter on UAV legislation, respecting the values enshrined in its Treaties;
Amendment 30 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 4 a (new)
Paragraph 4 a (new)
4a. Stresses that robots as mechanical objects should fall under the definition of machinery set by the directive on machinery (2006/42/EC) and should be designed and assembled in compliance with the standards and safety measures provided therein, as well as with the provisions on placing the machinery on the market and putting it into service;
Amendment 35 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 a (new)
Paragraph 7 a (new)
7a. Notes that the deployment of AI in transport, in particular where civil and military uses are interlinked, should be compliant with EU data protection and privacy law;
Amendment 36 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 8
Paragraph 8
8. Recalls the current comprehensive discussions in the International Maritime Organization on integrating new and emerging technologies, such as autonomous ships, in the regulatory framework; underlines the importance of upskilling/reskilling programs for the workforce in the maritime sector as digital expertise and capabilities will be essential in driving the sector forward, ensuring Europe maintains its global leadership status and protects employment;
Amendment 39 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 9
Paragraph 9
9. Stresses how intelligent transport systems mitigate traffic congestion and contribute to improving efficiency and mobility solutions; draws attention to the increased exposure of traditional transport networks to cyber threats; and underlines the importance of ensuring control by local traffic management authorities over traffic data and ITS systems to reduce cyber threats to the minimum; calls on Member States to monitor the correct implementation of the 2016 NIS Directive1a and cooperate among each other in an effort to develop a resilient EU cyber defence network for transport; __________________ 1aDirective(EU) 2016/1148 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 2016concerning measures for a high common level of security of network and information systems across the Union OJ L 194, 19.7.2016, p. 1–30
Amendment 40 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 5
5. Believes that Member States and the Commission should promote AI technologies that work for people; calls on the Member States, in close cooperation with the Commission, to develop AI applications aimed at automating and facilitating e-government services, for example in the area of tax administration; underlines that explainable algorithms are important to ensure that businesses and consumers benefit from better, accessible, fast, non- discriminatory and reliable public services at a lower cost.
Amendment 44 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 a (new)
Paragraph 5 a (new)
5a. Recalls that the Parliament foresaw in its resolution of 16 February 2017 on Civil Law Rules on Robotics the possibility that artificial intelligence may become an independent subject of civil law, which would have significant implications for the functioning of the single market; urges therefore the Commission to monitor and analyse developments of this matter in both international law and the domestic laws of the Member States.
Amendment 53 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 11 a (new)
Paragraph 11 a (new)
11a. Draws attention to the ongoing international debate on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS); calls on the EU to carefully assess and analyse the interaction between LAWS and transport infrastructure due to safety and privacy implications, amongst others.