27 Amendments of Piernicola PEDICINI related to 2015/2103(INL)
Amendment 13 #
Draft opinion
Recital C a (new)
Recital C a (new)
Ca. whereas the quantity of medical data that can be collected by 2020 is doubling every 73 days; whereas this means that the automatic learning techniques of cybernetic machines with artificial intelligence point to a trend which is moving decisively towards the exclusion of human beings from certain activities, which will be carried out increasingly often and increasingly better by machines and will involve ever fewer mistakes and adverse events;
Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion
Recital C b (new)
Recital C b (new)
Cb. whereas, in spite of this trend, which appears to be inevitable, the principle of the autonomy of cybernetic machines supervised by human beings must be determined as a basic precautionary rule;
Amendment 20 #
Draft opinion
Recital D a (new)
Recital D a (new)
Da. whereas, moreover, the use of tools such as self-diagnosis does not take account of human ethical, moral and professional responsibilities, in addition to civil and criminal liability, in the medical sector;
Amendment 31 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
Recital E
E. whereas at the same time the development of robotics and AI may result in a large part of the work now done by humans, not only manual but also intellectual work, being taken over by robots, so raising concerns about the future of employment and the viability of social security systems if the current basis of taxation is maintained, creating the potential for increased inequality in the distribution of wealth and influence;
Amendment 36 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E a (new)
Recital E a (new)
Ea. whereas robotics and AI that can perform similar tasks to those performed by humans should be used mainly to support and boost the abilities of man, as opposed to trying to replace the human element completely;
Amendment 38 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 2 a (new)
Paragraph 2 a (new)
2a. considers it useful for robots to be present to support the work of doctors or healthcare assistants, in order to improve the human experience of diagnosis and treatment, without, however, disregarding the need to ensure that medical practice and patient care practices are not dehumanised;
Amendment 51 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital G a (new)
Recital G a (new)
Ga. whereas the increasingly widespread use of social media and smartphones, which are constantly collecting and generating data, is causing the volume of data produced all over the world, so-called ‘Big Data’, to grow exponentially, and whereas 90% of the data in circulation today has been generated in the last two years;
Amendment 64 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 9 a (new)
Paragraph 9 a (new)
9a. calls on the Commission and the Member States to strengthen the financial instruments for research projects in robotics for the social and health emergency;
Amendment 65 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 9 b (new)
Paragraph 9 b (new)
9b. considers it vital to respect the principle of the supervised autonomy of robots, whereby the initial planning of treatment and the final decision regarding its execution will always remain the decision of the human surgeon;
Amendment 105 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 16 a (new)
Paragraph 16 a (new)
16a. stresses the need to equip each cybernetic machine used in medicine directly on human beings with an audio- video recording system (similar to black boxes in aircraft or ships), which may also be used to determine objective liability;
Amendment 146 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 a (new)
Paragraph 2 a (new)
2a. Considers that companies that manufacture robots should also record in this register the algorithms used to programme intelligent machines;
Amendment 161 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4 a (new)
Paragraph 4 a (new)
4a. Considers it essential, in the development of robotics and AI, to guarantee that humans have control over intelligent machines at all times;
Amendment 163 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4 b (new)
Paragraph 4 b (new)
4b. Considers that when developing new intelligent machines, designers should always include status indicators that provide the user with information in real time, insofar as this is compatible with the design brief;
Amendment 165 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4 c (new)
Paragraph 4 c (new)
4c. Considers that in preservation of the fundamental principle of transparency, and to allow us to understand and be aware at all times of the decisions taken by intelligent machines, any robotic application capable of performing similar tasks to those performed by humans should be equipped with a ‘black box’ which records data on every transaction carried out by the machine, including the logic that contributed to its decisions;
Amendment 166 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4 d (new)
Paragraph 4 d (new)
4d. Highlights that the algorithms used to programme intelligent machines should be put together in line with a clear and precise code of ethics, which also allows robots capable of learning to respect ethical principles in the tasks they perform;
Amendment 176 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 5 a (new)
Paragraph 5 a (new)
5a. Notes that to uphold these fundamental rights, ethics committees with special powers should be set up, perhaps as part of a European agency, and those committees should be able to take a holistic approach to the entire robotics research and development ecosystem;
Amendment 188 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 a (new)
Paragraph 7 a (new)
7a. Considers that the use of robotics and AI for the purposes of warfare should be strongly limited and regulated;
Amendment 189 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 b (new)
Paragraph 7 b (new)
7b. Considers that special care should be taken in preparing robots or AI to perform tasks in positions of authority, for example performing the functions of the police, prison wardens/guards or security guards, teachers or any other state or civil servant role;
Amendment 190 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 c (new)
Paragraph 7 c (new)
7c. Considers that special attention should be paid to the use or creation of anthropomorphised intelligent machines that can forge emotional bonds with man, causing an emotional attachment or deception;
Amendment 191 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 d (new)
Paragraph 7 d (new)
7d. Considers that special attention should be paid to robots that represent a significant threat to confidentiality owing to their placement in traditionally protected and private spheres and because they are able to extract and send personal and sensitive data;
Amendment 220 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11
Paragraph 11
11. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to ensure that, in the development of any EU policy on robotics, privacy and data protection, including metadata protection, guarantees are embedded in line with the principles of necessity and proportionality; calls, in this regard, on the Commission to foster the development of standards for the concepts of privacy by design and privacy by default, informed consent and encryption;
Amendment 295 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 23 a (new)
Paragraph 23 a (new)
23a. Calls on the Commission to develop an analysis of the employment challenges and structural opportunities inherent in constant technological growth, and to accompany such growth with a suitable legislative framework which is easy to keep up-to-date;
Amendment 296 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 23 b (new)
Paragraph 23 b (new)
23b. Highlights the importance of foreseeing changes to society following the new industrial revolution in robotics, and the need to start considering changing the working hours/income paradigm, creating new employment sustainability models, including through the introduction of a minimum citizens’ income;
Amendment 324 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 28 a (new)
Paragraph 28 a (new)
28a. Considers, in any case, that responsibility must always lie with a human and never a robot;
Amendment 331 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 30
Paragraph 30
30. Considers that, as is the case with the insurance of motor vehicles, such an insurance system could be supplemented by a fund in order to ensure that reparation can be made for damage in cases where no insurance cover exists; this fund should be endowed by an annual fixed percentage to be paid by any private company that wishes to invest in the robotics sector; calls on the insurance industry to develop new products that are in line with the advances in robotics;
Amendment 338 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 31 – point a a (new)
Paragraph 31 – point a a (new)
aa) introducing a suitable instrument for consumers who wish to collectively claim compensation for damages deriving from the malfunction of intelligent machines from the manufacturing companies responsible;
Amendment 342 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 31 – point b
Paragraph 31 – point b
b) ensuring that a compensation fund, endowed by an annual fixed percentage paid by any private company that wishes to invest in the robotics sector, would not only serve the purpose of guaranteeing compensation if the damage caused by a robot was not covered by an insurance – which would in any case remain its primary goal – but also that of allowing various financial operations in the interests of the robot, such as investments, donations or payments made to smart autonomous robots for their services, which could be transferred to the fund;