15 Amendments of Caterina CHINNICI related to 2020/2016(INI)
Amendment 8 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 8
Citation 8
Amendment 15 #
Draft opinion
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and related technologies willmay contribute to the prevention of certain types of crime and, therefore, to the reducing of crime rates,; whereas their use of, when applied to statistical data analytics in crime analysis and prevention, and the operation of criminal justice system may assist the activities of police authorities provided that this is done in compliance with the procedural safeguards enshrined in the rule of law and laid down in the GDPR legislation on the protection of personal data; whereas the application of those technologies as a technical support tool may help improve the efficiency of the organisation and operation of criminal justice systems, but under no circumstances should the so- called automated decision systems - AI- based algorithms - be used for decision- making purposes;
Amendment 17 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas digital technologies in general and artificial intelligence (AI) in particular bring with them extraordinary promise but also a number of critical issues in view of their ethical implications, not to mention their potential impact on several fundamental freedoms; whereas AI is one of the strategic technologies of the 21st century, and can generatinge substantial benefits in efficiency, accuracy, and convenience, and thus bringing positive change to theEuropean society and European's economy; whereas AI should not be seen as an end in itself, but as a tool for serving people, with the ultimate aim of increasing human well-being;
Amendment 31 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Emphasises the importance of consideringat the ethical and operational implications of the use of AI and related technologies within criminal justice systems can be considered only where there is compliance with rigorous ethical principles, such as those laid down in the Council of Europe's 'European Ethical Charter on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Systems and their environment';
Amendment 41 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D a (new)
Recital D a (new)
Da. whereas Article 2 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, notwithstanding specific exceptions, stipulates that the data subject shall have the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, which produces legal effects concerning him or her or similarly significantly affects him or her;
Amendment 42 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
Recital E
E. whereas AI applications can offer great opportunities in the field of law enforcement, in particular in improving the working methods of law enforcement agencies and judicial authorities, and making an effective contributon to preventing and combating certain types of crime more efficiently, in particular financial crime, money laundering and terrorist financing, as well as certain types of cybercrimechild pornography and online sexual abuse of children, as well as certain types of cybercrime, and also by making the operational organisation and functioning of criminal justice systems more efficient as technical support tools, provided that they comply with the procedural safeguards enshrined in the rule of law and with legislation on the protection of personal data;
Amendment 48 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Underlines the importance of beingright of the persons concerned to be able to access AI- produced or AI-assisted outputs for notification procedures and the role of AI and related technologies in criminal law enforcement and crime prevention; recalls the importance of questions related to governance, transparency and accountability;
Amendment 59 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H
Recital H
H. whereas AI tools and applications are also used by the judiciary worldwidein several countries, including in sentencing, calculating probabilities for reoffending and in determining probation; whereas, at present, in the European Union, with the exception of a few Member States, their use is limited mainly to civil matters;
Amendment 61 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Welcomes the recommendations of the Commission’s High-Level Expert Group on AI for a proportionate use of biometric recognition technology, in compliance with GDPR legislation on the protection of personal data, and suggests that the application of such technology must be clearly warranted under existing laws and urges the Commission to assess how to effectively incorporate these;
Amendment 73 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Considers it necessary to clarify whetherthat law enforcement decisions cannot be delegated to AI and stresses the need to develop binding codes of conduct for the design and use of AI to help law enforcers and judicial authorities and ensure respect for the fundamental rights of EU citizens; refers to the ongoing work in the Committee on Legal Affairs.
Amendment 77 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital J a (new)
Recital J a (new)
Ja. whereas so-called automated decision systems - AI-based algorithms - cannot be used for decision-making purposes, since the final decision in criminal matters must always be taken by a human, in respect of whom AI must retain an instrumental role;
Amendment 93 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Reaffirms that all AI solutions for law enforcement and the judiciary also need to fully respect the principles of non- discrimination, freedom of movement, the presumption of innocence and right of defence, obligation to state reasons, freedom of expression and information, freedom of assembly and of association, equality before the law, and the right to an effective remedy and a fair trial;
Amendment 101 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Considers, in this regard, that any AI tool either developed or used by law enforcement or judiciary should, as a minimum, be safe, secure and fit for purpose, respect the principles of fairness, accountability, transparency and explainability, with their deployment subject to a strict necessity and proportionality test, ensuring that the data subjects have right of access to AI- produced or AI-assisted outputs;
Amendment 105 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3 a (new)
Paragraph 3 a (new)
3a. Stresses the need for AI and related technologies to be used within criminal justice systems in compliance with rigorous ethical principles, such as those laid down in the Council of Europe's 'European Ethical Charter on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Systems and their environment', i.e. the principles of respect for fundamental rights, non-discrimination, quality and security, transparency, impartiality and fairness, and user control;
Amendment 139 #
7. Highlights the power asymmetry between those who develop and employ AI technologies and those who interact and are subject to them - an asymmetry which means that binding codes of conduct must be developed for the design and use of AI in criminal matters;