Activities of Javier NART related to 2021/2064(INI)
Shadow reports (1)
REPORT on a European Parliament recommendation to the Council, the Commission and the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on the situation in Libya
Amendments (45)
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation -1 (new)
Citation -1 (new)
— having regard to the Libyan Political Agreement of 17 December 2015,
Amendment 2 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation -1 a (new)
Citation -1 a (new)
-a having regard to the Berlin Conference on Libya of January 2020,
Amendment 3 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation -1 b (new)
Citation -1 b (new)
-b having regard to the UN Security Council Resolution 2510 (2020),
Amendment 4 #
-c having regard to the Agreement for a Complete and Permanent Ceasefire in Libya of 23 October 2020,
Amendment 5 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation -1 d (new)
Citation -1 d (new)
-d having regard to the roadmap of November 2020 "For the Preparatory Phase of a Comprehensive Solution" agreed by the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum (LPDF),
Amendment 6 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation -1 e (new)
Citation -1 e (new)
-e having regard to the agreement of the LPDF of 18 January 2021 to nominate a Unified Executive Authority that resulted in the election,
Amendment 7 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation -1 f (new)
Citation -1 f (new)
-f having regard to the election of the President and Prime Minister of 5 February of 2021,
Amendment 8 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation -1 g (new)
Citation -1 g (new)
-g having regard to the House of Representatives (HoR) approval of 10 March 2021 to the creation of the Government of National Unity (GNU),
Amendment 9 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation -1 h (new)
Citation -1 h (new)
-h having regard to the Declaration of the Paris International Conference on Libya of 12 November 2021,
Amendment 10 #
-i having regard to the HoR's nomination of 28 February 2022 of Fathi Bashagha as Prime Minister,
Amendment 11 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation -1 j (new)
Citation -1 j (new)
-j having regard to the HoR and High State Council negotiations in Cairo in June 2022,
Amendment 12 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation -1 k (new)
Citation -1 k (new)
-k having regard to the Joint Declaration by France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom and the United States of America on the roadmap of 24 June 2022 that ask the HoR and The High State Council to urgently finalise the legal bases for a credible, inclusive, transparent presidential and parliamentary elections as soon as possible,
Amendment 19 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 7
Citation 7
Amendment 20 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 8
Citation 8
Amendment 39 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital -A (new)
Recital -A (new)
-A. whereas Libya's Revolution of February 2011 took place after forty years of autocratic rule under Colonel Gaddafi; whereas basic rights and freedoms, including freedom of expression and the right to free and fair elections, were inexistent under Gaddafi's rule;
Amendment 40 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital -A a (new)
Recital -A a (new)
-A a. whereas in March 2022 the internationally recognized Parliament of Libya (HoR, based in Tobrouk) declared that the legal term for the mandate of Prime Minister Abul Hamid al-Dbeibeh established in the roadmap of November 2020 "For the Preparatory Phase of a Comprehensive Solution", had expired in December 2021; whereas the HoR then appointed the former Minister of Interior, Fathi Bashagha, as Prime Minister to replace Abdul Hamid al-Dbeibeh who refused to step down;
Amendment 41 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital -A b (new)
Recital -A b (new)
Amendment 42 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital -A c (new)
Recital -A c (new)
-A c. whereas the war in Libya has ceased and not restarted because of the presence of Russian and Turkish military forces which are keeping a precarious peace;
Amendment 49 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas the situation Libya has further deteriorated since the indefinite postponement of the elections at the end of 2021, deepening the political deadlock and division in the country; whereas this postponement heavily disappointed the more than 2.8 million Libyan citizens who had registered to vote;
Amendment 50 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A a (new)
Recital A a (new)
A a. whereas at the beginning of July 2022, Libyan society reacted through all the country with demonstrators protesting against deteriorating living conditions and the political stalemate created by the two governments, storming, ransacking and burning in the east part of the Libyan Parliament building in Tobrouk;
Amendment 55 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas the country still lacks a widely shared constitution and electoral legal frameworconstitution resulting from a collaborative national effort and electoral legal framework; whereas the electoral law of 2021 was unilaterally decided by decree- law of the Speaker of the Parliament of Tobrouk;
Amendment 81 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
Recital F
F. whereas a comprehensive security sector reform is critical to build effective state institutions based on the rule of law with independent executive, legislative and judiciary powers, thereby preventing future human rights violations;
Amendment 89 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital G
Recital G
G. whereas systemic violation of the rule of law and the consequent widespread corruption and climate of impunity in the country represents a significant obstacle to peaceful coexistence and to the safe return of internally displaced persons;
Amendment 128 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital L a (new)
Recital L a (new)
L a. whereas the international community has to increase its attention to Libya, deploring that the United Nations' lack to appoint a new Special Envoy for Libya, while the division between the two rival governments increases the crisis;
Amendment 131 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital L b (new)
Recital L b (new)
L b. whereas forces loyal to Marshal Khalifa Haftar closed wells and terminals, cutting the country's production by 40%, in order to weaken the local government of Abdel Hamid Dbeibah in Tripoli; whereas in July 2022 an agreement was reached between representatives of Abdul Hamid al-Dbeibeh and Khalifa Haftar, to reopen the oil fields and to integrate in their control the members of the Benghazi government;
Amendment 133 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital L c (new)
Recital L c (new)
L c. whereas in November 2019 the Tripoli Government signed with Turkey a Memorandum of Understanding on the delimitation of maritime jurisdictions; whereas it infringes upon the sovereign rights of third states, does not comply with the Law of the Seas and cannot produce any legal consequences for third states, as stated in the European Council Conclusions of 12 December 2019;
Amendment 134 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital L d (new)
Recital L d (new)
L d. whereas the Conclusions of the Second Berlin Conference on Libya of June 23, 2021 stated that all foreign forces and mercenaries had to be withdrawn from Libya without delay; whereas this statement was endorsed by countries such as Russia and Turkey who have a military presence in Libya;
Amendment 135 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital L e (new)
Recital L e (new)
L e. whereas instability in Libya is extreme following fighting in Tripoli between Misrata's militias and local militias loyal to Prime Minister Abdel Hamid Dbeibah and Misrata's militias loyal to the Prime Minister, appointed by the Parliament of Tobrouk Fathi Bachagha;
Amendment 136 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
Paragraph 1 – point a
(a) ensure a UN-led and Libyan-owned inclusive national reconciliation process is given the strongest support possible in order to deliver longer-term stability and security and lay the foundations for a peaceful and democratic transition that involves all Libyan stakeholders; recall the instrumental role the EU and its member States could play to support nation-wide, inclusive and collaborative efforts to achieve the desired political transition; underline that the EU and its Member States have a fundamental interest in helping the Libyan people restore faith in their political system; stress that all political factions, without exception, face serious corruption allegations;
Amendment 148 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b
Paragraph 1 – point b
(b) continue to cooperate closely with UNSMIL and actively support the renewal of its mandate; stress that, given the current political impasse, the continuation of UN- backed negotiations on a roadmap for free, fair and credible elections remains vital; evaluate the feasibility of the deployment of an EU electoral observation mission to monitor the electoral process; call for a process of democratisation and inclusiveness to be done taking into account that no electoral process should take place without the involvement not only of the recognized institutions, but also of the real forces in the conflict such as the militias, the Libyan National Army and the civil society;
Amendment 165 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d
Paragraph 1 – point d
(d) reinforce the call made during the Paris International Conference for Libya of 12 November 2021 for all mercenaries, foreign fighters and foreign forces to withdraw from Libyan territory; and the need to establish interposition forces after the withdrawal of Turkish and Russian military units; deeply regrets the fact that no foreign fighters have moved out of the country since;
Amendment 171 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e
Paragraph 1 – point e
Amendment 180 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f
Paragraph 1 – point f
(f) provact quickly to avoide the Libyan authorities withcomplete collapse of Libya, rebuilding the State with its sovereign tools, such as reliable administration, a police and integrated army, pressing the two rival governments, as well as the respective supporters, to reestablish a reunited Government of National Unity and then for the European Union and the international community to provide the technical assistance ithey needs to enact a comprehensive reform of the judiciary sector aiming to dismantle the structural impunity that prevails in the country and pave the way for sustainable reconciliation and peace; increasing the support to that Libyan Government for the implementation of a comprehensive security sector reform in the area of disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration policies for armed groups; underlining the importance of providing full employment to Libyan fighters in order to discourage them from further assisting political figures;
Amendment 192 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point g
Paragraph 1 – point g
(g) call for the opening of wells and oil terminals; step up efforts within the EWG to call on bothe Libyan authorities to ensure fair, inclusive and sustainable redistribution of oil revenues by pursuing a vision of shared economic prosperity for all people in the country;
Amendment 201 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h
Paragraph 1 – point h
(h) support the valuable work of the EU Border Assistance Mission in Libya and the European Union Naval Force Mediterranean operation Irini, two common security and defence policy (CSDP) missions, in contributing to sustainable peace, security and stability, in particular through their support for the implementation of the arms embargo imposed on Libya by the UN Security Council; renew, if necessary, the mandate of these two common security and defence policy missions in order to contribute to improvinge the security conditions on the ground, including by sending missions on the ground (when conditions of security allow it) to preventing terrorists, human traffickers and armed groups from carrying out cross-border activities; guarantee that all activities carried out or facilitated by these two missions respect human rights and are in line with international and EU laws, in particular the principle of non-refoulement; conduct and provideproviding the European Parliament with regular human rights impact assessments of all their activities;
Amendment 212 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
(h a) express its dismay at the lack of focus of the EU Border Assistance Mission's (EUBAM) mandate and trainings to assist Libya's Southern border; call for a new mandate of the EUBAM to reinforce its focus on assisting the Libyan authorities in securing the southern border, notably through the provision of training;
Amendment 213 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h b (new)
Paragraph 1 – point h b (new)
(h b) stress that allegations of mismanagement of the EUBAM in Libya, including corruption allegations, should be verified by the European Commission as well as by a delegation of the European Parliament if security conditions in Tripoli allow;
Amendment 228 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point j
Paragraph 1 – point j
(j) urge the Libyan authoritiescondemn the increased repression on members of civil society organisations, via arbitrary travel bans, arrest, detentions, enforced disappearances and torture, as perpetrated on both sides; urge the Libyan authorities in the east and in the west to lift legal restrictions on civil society organisations and allow them to meet with foreigners and to lift restrictions that continue to put up serious obstacles to the freedom of association and the right to peaceful assembly, as guaranteed by the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which Libya has ratified;
Amendment 242 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point k
Paragraph 1 – point k
(k) urge the Libyan authoritiesreunited Government of National Unity (GNU) to ensure migrants, refugees and asylum seekers are protected and guarantee full, safe and unhindered access to detention centres for humanitarian organisations providing essential assistance to these vulnerable categories of people;
Amendment 248 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point l
Paragraph 1 – point l
(l) urge the Libyan authoritiesreunited Government of National Unity (GNU) to end arbitrary immigration detention and introduce alternatives to detention, inter alia by opening reception centres, developing screening and referral mechanisms and offering community housing options;
Amendment 255 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m
Paragraph 1 – point m
(m) encourage the Libyan authoritiesreunited Government of National Unity (GNU) to enhance cooperation with neighbourhood countries regarding the creation of safe and legal pathways for migration;
Amendment 256 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m
Paragraph 1 – point m
(m) encourage the Libyan authoritiesreunited Government of National Unit (GNU) to enhance cooperation with neighbourhood countries regarding the creation of safe and legal pathways for migration;
Amendment 272 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point n
Paragraph 1 – point n
(n) create new safe and legal pathways for migration to the EU, including by opening new humanitarian corridors and increasing Member States’ resettlement pledges through the Emergency Transit Mechanisms as well as to facilitate repatriation of those migrants that not fulfil the appropriate requirements to enter in Europe;
Amendment 285 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point o
Paragraph 1 – point o
(o) actively support the renewal of the UN Independent Fact-Finding Mission on Libya as well as sending when political conditions permit it a European Parliament Fact Finding Mission on Libya;
Amendment 292 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point o a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point o a (new)
(o a) reaffirm its full solidarity with Cyprus and Greece regarding Turkey's illegal drilling activities in exclusive economic zones, covered in the illegal Turkey-Libya Memorandum of Understanding;