21 Amendments of Massimiliano SALINI related to 2023/0079(COD)
Amendment 48 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 1
Recital 1
(1) Access to raw materials is essential for the Union economy and the functioning of the internal market. There is a set of non-energy, non-agricultural raw materials that, due to their high economic importance and their exposure to high supply risk, often caused by a high concentration of supply from a few third countries, are considered critical. Given the key role of many such critical raw materials in realising the green and digital transitions, and in light of their use for defence and space applications, demand will increase exponentially in the coming decades. At the same time, the risk of supply disruptions is increasing against the background of rising geopolitical tensions and resource competition, with serious vulnerabilities linked to the possible weaponisation of supply dependencies and bottlenecks. Furthermore, if not managed properly, increased demand for critical raw materials could lead to negative environmental and social impacts. Considering these trends, it is necessary to take measures to ensure access to a secure and sustainable supply of critical raw materials to safeguard the Union's economic resilience and open strategic autonomy.
Amendment 55 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 3
Recital 3
(3) Firstly, in order to effectively ensure the Union's access to a secure and sustainable supply of critical raw materials, that framework should include measures to decrease the Union's growing supply risks by strengthening Union capacities along all stages of the strategic raw materials value chain, including extraction, processing and recycling, towards benchmarks defined for each strategic raw material. Secondly, as the Union will continue to rely on imports, the framework should include measures to increase the diversification of external supplies of strategic raw materials, including trough the ratification of new FTAs with third countries. Thirdly, is necessary to provide measures to reinforce the Union’s ability to monitor and mitigate existing and future supply risks. Fourthly, the framework should contain measures to increase the circularity and sustainability of the critical raw materials consumed in the Union.
Amendment 57 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 4
Recital 4
(4) In order to ensure that the measures set out in the Regulation focus on the most relevant materials, a list of strategic raw materials and a list of critical raw materials should be established. Those lists should also serve to guide and coordinate Member States’ efforts to contribute to the realisation of the aims of this Regulation. The list of strategic raw materials should contain raw materials that are of high strategic importance, taking into account their use in strategic technologies underpinning the green and digital transitions or for defence or space applications, that are characterised by a potentially significant gap between global supply and projected demand, and for which an increase in production is relatively difficult, for instance due to long lead-times for new projects increasing supply capacity. To take account of possible technological and economic changes, the list of strategic materials should be periodically reviewed and, if necessary, updated. Moreover, the list will be based on a clear and transparent methodology, allowing for increased predictability and stability for European economic operators. In order to ensure that efforts to increase the Union capacities along the value chain, reinforce the Union’s capacity to monitor and mitigate supply risks and increase diversification of supply are focused on the materials for which they are most needed, the relevant measures should only apply to the list of strategic raw materials.
Amendment 58 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 4 a (new)
Recital 4 a (new)
(4a) Decarbonisation efforts in European industrial processes also require secondary raw materials. These are key for the development of technologies which will enable the green and digital transitions. A sub-list of strategic secondary raw materials should be established within the strategic raw materials in order to prioritise the supply of specific materials, in line with the following: their role in decarbonisation endeavours; forecasted growth in global demand; potential bottlenecks and dependencies; scarcity of supply in the EU or related technological difficulties; potential for recovery of critical raw material. The assessment should also take into account strategic forecast analyses to address future bottlenecks or supply disruption.
Amendment 63 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 6
Recital 6
(6) To strengthen Union capacities along the strategic raw materials value chain, benchmarks should be set to guide efforts and track progress. The aim should be to increase capacities for each strategic raw material at each stage of the value chain, while aiming to achieve overall capacity benchmarks for extraction, processing and recycling of strategic raw materials. Firstly, the Union should increase the use of its own geological resources of strategic raw materials and build up capacity, including through innovative technologies and relevant skills, to allow it to extract the materials needed to produce at least 10 % of the Union's consumption of strategic raw materials. Keeping in mind that extraction capacity is highly dependent on the availability of Union geological resources, the achievement of this benchmark is dependent on such availability. Secondly, in order to build a full value chain and prevent any bottlenecks at intermediate stages, the Union should in addition increase its processing capacity along the value chain and be able to produce at least 40 % of its annual consumption of strategic raw materials. Thirdly, it is expected that in the coming decades a growing share of the Union's consumption of strategic raw materials can be covered by secondary raw materials, which would improve both the security and the sustainability of the Union’s raw materials supply. Therefore, Union recycling capacity should be able to produce at least 15 % of the Union’s annual consumption of strategic raw materials. These benchmarks refer to the 2030 time horizon, in alignment with the Union's climate and energy targets set under Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council29 and the digital targets under the Digital Decade30 , which they underpin. Furthermore, quality jobs, including skills development and job-to-job transitions, will address risks in the sectoral labour market and help ensure the EU’s competitiveness. These benchmarks must remain flexible, given the differing chemical properties, geological availability and overall specificities of the materials in question. _________________ 29 Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 June 2021 establishing the framework for achieving climate neutrality and amending Regulations (EC) No 401/2009 and (EU) 2018/1999 (OJ L 243, 9.7.2021, p. 1). 30 Decision (EU) 2022/2481 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 establishing the Digital Decade Policy Programme 2030 (OJL 323, 19.12.2022, p. 4–26 )
Amendment 83 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 11 a (new)
Recital 11 a (new)
(11a) Imports of raw materials present in Annexes 1 and 2 of this regulation play a key role in efforts to diversify supply and increase the resilience of EU supply chains. Importantly, these imports must observe the principle of fair competition as the Union market operates on a level playing field. The Commission shall act swiftly and assertively when evidence suggests unfair trade practices, effectively implementing the Union's trade defence toolbox.
Amendment 126 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – paragraph 3 a (new)
Article 1 – paragraph 3 a (new)
3a. When assessing the effectiveness of relevant measures to attain the benchmarks, including as concerns the review stipulated by Article 46, the Commission shall apply a tailored approach to the different raw materials, in line with their specificities, availability, use and recycling possibilities.
Amendment 137 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 4 a (new)
Recital 4 a (new)
(4a) Secondary raw materials play a significant role in the decarbonisation of European productions, which are necessary for the development of the strategic technologies required for the green and digital transitions, and are also important suppliers of critical raw materials in many situations. To focus on the most relevant secondary sources, a sub-list of strategic secondary raw materials should be established within the strategic raw materials list, taking into account the following factors: high strategical role in decarbonisation and green transition; high forecasted demand growth at the global level; potential gap between supply and projected demand; difficulty of increasing collection and recovery in the EU; high potential for critical raw material recovery. To address potential future scarcity or supply disruption, the evaluation should take into consideration not only the most recent available data, but also the foreseen evolution of demand-supply over an appropriate reference period.
Amendment 145 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1
The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 36 to amend Annex I, Section 1 in order to update the list of strategic raw materials, in line with a clear and transparent methodology.
Amendment 152 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 6
Recital 6
(6) To strengthen Union capacities along the strategic raw materials value chain, benchmarks should be set to guide efforts and track progress. The aim should be to increase capacities for each strategic raw material at each stage of the value chain, while aiming to achieve overall capacity benchmarks for extraction, processing and recycling of strategic raw materials and secondary raw materials. Firstly, the Union should increase the use of its own geological resources of strategic raw materials and build up capacity to allow it to extract the materials needed to produce at least 10 % of the Union's consumption of strategic raw materials. Keeping in mind that extraction capacity is highly dependent on the availability of Union geological resources, the achievement of this benchmark is dependent on such availability. Secondly, in order to build a full value chain and prevent any bottlenecks at intermediate stages, the Union should in addition increase its processing capacity along the value chain and be able to produce at least 40 % of its annual consumption of strategic raw materials and secondary raw materials. Thirdly, it is expected that in the coming decades a growing share of the Union's consumption of strategic raw materials can be covered by secondary raw materials, which would improve both the security and the sustainability of the Union’s raw materials supply. Therefore, Union recycling capacity should be able to produce at least 15 % of the Union’s annual consumption of strategic raw materials. These benchmarks refer to the 2030 time horizon, in alignment with the Union's climate and energy targets set under Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council29and the digital targets under the Digital Decade30, which they underpin. Furthermore, quality jobs, including skills development and job-to-job transitions, will address risks in the sectoral labour market and help ensure the EU’s competitiveness. _________________ 29 Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 June 2021 establishing the framework for achieving climate neutrality and amending Regulations (EC) No 401/2009 and (EU) 2018/1999 (OJ L 243, 9.7.2021, p. 1). 30 Decision (EU) 2022/2481 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 establishing the Digital Decade Policy Programme 2030 (OJL 323, 19.12.2022, p. 4–26 )
Amendment 243 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 33
Recital 33
(33) Space data and services derived from earth observation cand GNSS systems, in particular the ones derived from EU Space Programme, Copernicus, Galileo and EGNOS, shall be used to the extent possible to support the efforts towards sustainable critical raw materials value chains by providing a continuous flow of information, which could be useful for activities such as monitoring and management of mining areas, the environmental and socio- economic impact assessment, or mineral resource exploration. As earth observation isspace data and services are also able to provide data about remote and inaccessible areas, it should be considered by Member States when drawing up and implementing their national exploration programmes to the extent possible.
Amendment 378 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 1 a (new)
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 1 a (new)
(1a) 'secondary raw material' means a substance or material recovered from processes residuals or from end of life products, that can be used in manufacturing processes instead of or in combination with virgin raw materials;
Amendment 380 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 1 b (new)
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 1 b (new)
(1b) ‘strategic secondary raw materials’ means the secondary raw materials as defined in Article 3a;
Amendment 424 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 62 a (new)
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 62 a (new)
(62a) 'reference year/period' means a specific calendar year/period used as a point of comparison or benchmark for analyzing data, trends, or events, which serves as a standard against which other data or changes are assessed or evaluated;
Amendment 438 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p a (new)
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p a (new)
(pa) Ferrous scrap
Amendment 451 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 a (new)
Article 3 a (new)
Amendment 1044 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p a (new)
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p a (new)
(pa) Lanthanum
Amendment 1052 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p b (new)
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p b (new)
(pb) Erbium
Amendment 1055 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p c (new)
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p c (new)
(pc) Europium
Amendment 1057 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p d (new)
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p d (new)
(pd) Ytterbium
Amendment 1059 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p e (new)
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p e (new)
(pe) Yttrium