68 Amendments of Hildegard BENTELE related to 2021/0205(COD)
Amendment 65 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 2
Recital 2
(2) From 2020, air transport has been one of the hardest hit sector by the COVID-19 crisis. With the perspective of an end to the pandemic in sight, it is expected that air traffic will gradually resume in the coming years and recover to its pre-crisis levels. At the same time, emissions from the sector have been increasing since 1990 and the trend of increasing emissions could return as we overcome the pandemic. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare for the future and make the necessary adjustments ensuring a well-functioning air transport market that contributes to achieving the Union’s climate goals, with high levels of connectivity, safety and security, and affordability.
Amendment 69 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 4
Recital 4
(4) The air transport market is subject to strong competition between economic actors across the Union and globally, for which a level playing field is indispensable. The stability and prosperity of the air transport market and its economic actors relies on a clear and harmonised policy framework where aircraft operators, airports and other aviation actors can operate on the basis of equal opportunities. Where market distortions occur, they risk putting aircraft operators or airports atre put at risk for a disadvantage with internal or external competitors. In turn, this can result in a loss of competitiveness of the air transport industry, and a loss of air connectivity for citizens and businesses.
Amendment 75 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 4
Recital 4
(4) The air transport market is subject to strong competition between economic actors worldwide and across the Union, for which a level playing field is indispensable. The stability and prosperity of the air transport market and its economic actors relies on a clear and harmonised policy framework where aircraft operators, airports and other aviation actors can operate on the basis of equal opportunities. Where market distortions occur, they risk putting aircraft operators or airports at a disadvantage with internal or external competitors. In turn, this can result in a loss of competitiveness of the air transport industry, and a loss of air connectivity for citizens and businesses. The Commission should monitor possible market distortions, such as (p)re-routing by non- European airlines. If market distortions are observed, the Commission should explore supporting and incentivising mechanisms and private-public partnerships for the affected Union industries.
Amendment 84 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 8
Recital 8
(8) Sustainable aviation fuels are liquid, gaseous, drop-in or non-drop-in fuels, fully fungible with conventional aviation fuel and compatible with existing aircraft engines. Several production pathways of sustainable aviation fuels have been certified at global level for use in civil or military aviation. Sustainable aviation fuels are technologically ready to play an important role in reducing emissions from air transport already in the very short term. They are expected to account for a major part of the aviation fuel mix in the medium and long term. Further, with the support of appropriate international fuel standards, sustainable aviation fuels might contribute to lowering the aromatic content of the final fuel used by an operator, thus helping to reduce other non-CO2 emissions. Other alternatives to power aircraft, such as electricity or liquid hydrogen are expected to progressively contribute to the decarbonisation of air transport, beginning with short-haul flights. Hydrogen will be a key factor in the substitution of fossil kerosene for aviation. For a fast scaling up of a market for clean hydrogen technologies, low-carbon electricity and low-carbon hydrogen will play an important transitional role.
Amendment 84 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 6
Recital 6
(6) A key objective of the common transport policy is sustainable development. This requires an integrated approach aimed at ensuring both the effective functioning of Union transport systems and protection of the environment. Sustainable development of air transport requires the introduction of measures aimed at reducing the carbon emissions from aircraft flying from Union airports and eventually globally. Such measures should contribute to meeting the Union’s climate objectives by 2030 and 2050.
Amendment 91 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10 a (new)
Recital 10 a (new)
(10 a) To avoid distortions of competition in the international aviation market and to fight carbon leakage, a global regulation for blending on international flights is needed. Therefore, the Union should advocate to start negotiations for a mandatory SAF quota in global aviation at the ICAO Global Assembly.
Amendment 92 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 7
Recital 7
(7) The Communication on a Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy10 adopted by the Commission in December 2020 sets a course of action for the EU transport system to achieve its green and digital transformation and become more resilient. The decarbonisation of the air transport sector is a necessary and challenging process, especially in the short term. Technological advancements, pursued in European and national research and innovation aviation programmes have contributed to important emission reductions in the past decades. However, the global growth of air traffic has outpaced the sector’s emissions reductions. Whereas new technologies are expected to help reducing short-haul aviation’s reliance on fossil energy in the next decades, sustainable aviation fuels offer the onlymost viable and promising solution for significant decarbonisation of all flight ranges, already in the short term. However, this potential is currently largely untapped. In addition, attention should also be given to the challenge of non-CO2 climate effects from aviation. _________________ 10Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy – putting European transport on track for the future (COM/2020/789 final), 9.12.2020.
Amendment 93 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10 b (new)
Recital 10 b (new)
(10 b) To create a global market for sustainable aviation fuels, the Union should engage in international negotiations, particular with the United Kingdom and the United States of America, to harmonize definitions and standards of sustainable air fuels worldwide.
Amendment 95 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 7
Recital 7
(7) The Communication on a Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy10 adopted by the Commission in December 2020 sets a course of action for the EU transport system to achieve its green and digital transformation and become more resilient. The decarbonisation of the air transport sector is a necessary and challenging process, especially in the short term. Technological advancements, pursued in European and national research and innovation aviation programmes have contributed to important emission reductions in the past decades. However, the global growth of air traffic has outpaced the sector’s emissions reductions. Whereas new technologies are expected to help reducing short-haul aviation’s reliance on fossil energy in the next decades, sustainable aviation fuels offer the only solution for significant decarbonisation of all flight ranges, already in the short term. However, this potential is currently largely untapped and needs to be boosted at the Union level. _________________ 10Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy – putting European transport on track for the future (COM/2020/789 final), 9.12.2020.
Amendment 103 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 9
Recital 9
(9) The gradual introduction of sustainable aviation fuels on the air transport market will represent an additional fuel cost for airlines, as such fuel technologies are currently more expensive to produce than conventional aviation fuel. This is expected to exacerbate the pre-existing issues of level playing field on the air transport market as regards aviation fuel, and to cause further distortions among aircraft operators and airports. This regulation should take measures to prevent that the introduction of sustainable aviation fuels affects negatively the competitiveness of the aviation sector by defining harmonised requirements across the Union and striving to achieve an international blending mandate applied globally at ICAO Global Assembly.
Amendment 105 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 16
Recital 16
(16) Development and deployment of sustainable aviation fuels with a high potential for sustainability, commercial maturity and a high potential for innovation and growth to meet future needs should be promoted. This should support creating innovative and competitive fuels markets and ensure sufficient supply of sustainable aviation fuels for aviation in short and long term to contribute to Union transport decarbonisation ambitions, while strengthening Union’s efforts towards a high level of environmental protection. For this purpose, sustainableynthetic aviation fuels produced from feedstock listed in Parts A and B of Annex IXand biofuels which have a low ILUC risk and comply with the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions criteria laid down in Article 29(2) to (7) of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, as well as synthetic aviation fuels should be eligible. In particular, sustainable aviation fuels produced from feedstock listed in Part B of Annex IX of Directive (EU) 2018/2001 are essnd are certified in accordance with Article 30 of this Directive should be eligible. New production capacities should be created while at the same time existing feedstock for biofuels and biogas should be used in production pathways with the highest environmential, as currently the most commercially mature technology to decarbonise air transport already in the short term. benefits in terms of greenhouse gas emission reduction and greenhouse gas intensity.
Amendment 110 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10
Recital 10
(10) At global level, sustainable aviation fuels are regulated at ICAO. In particular, ICAO establishes detailed requirements on the sustainability, traceability and accounting of sustainable aviation fuels for use on flights covered by the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA). While incentives are set in CORSIA and sustainable aviation fuels are considered an integral pillar of the work on the feasibility of a Long-Term Aspiration Goal for international aviation, there is currently no mandatory scheme on the use of sustainable aviation fuels for international flights. Comprehensive multilateral or bilateral air transport agreements between the EU or its Member States, and third countries generally include provisions on environmental protection. However, although for the time being, such provisions do not impose on contracting parties any binding requirements on the use of sustainable aviation fuels, in the future the Union should include the binding requirement on use of SAF in any bilateral or multilateral agreement.
Amendment 112 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10 a (new)
Recital 10 a (new)
(10a) In addition, the Union should encourage countries to adopt similar mandates for sustainable aviation fuels. To this end, sustainable aviation fuels should be subject to energy- and transport related dialogues such as the recent EU- US Energy Council and the Commission should advocate to start negotiations for a mandatory SAF quota in global aviation at the ICAO Global Assembly.
Amendment 112 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 16
Recital 16
(16) Development and deployment of sustainable aviation fuels with a high potential for sustainability, commercial maturity and a high potential for innovation and growth to meet future needs should be promoted. This should support creating innovative and competitive fuels markets and ensure sufficient supply of sustainable aviation fuels for aviation in short and long term to contribute to Union transport decarbonisation ambitions, while strengthening Union’s efforts towards a high level of environmental protection. For this purpose, sustainableynthetic aviation fuels produced from feedstock listed in Parts A and B of Annex IXand biofuels which are not subject to high ILUC risk and comply with the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions criteria laid down in Article 29(2) to (7) of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, as well as synthetic aviation fuels should be eligible. In particular, sustainable aviation fuels produced from feedstock listed in Part B of Annex IX of Directive (EU) 2018/2001 are essential, as currently the most commercially mature technology to decarbonise air transport already in the short termnd are certified in accordance with Article 30 of this Directive should be eligible. New production capacities need to be created while at the same time existing feedstock for biofuels and biogas should be used in production pathways with the highest environmental benefits in terms of GHG-emission reduction and GHG-intensity.
Amendment 115 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 12
Recital 12
(12) Therefore, uniform rules need to be laid down for the aviation internal market to complement Directive (EU) 2018/2001 and to deliver on its overall objectives by addressing the specific needs and requirements arising from the EU aviation internal market. In particular, the present Regulation aims to avoid a fragmentation of the Union aviation market, prevent possible competitive distortions between economic actors within the Union and globally, or unfair practices of cost avoidance as regards the refuelling of aircraft operators and to incentivise innovation and production in the Union.
Amendment 118 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 13
Recital 13
(13) This regulation aims in the first instance to set out a framework restoring and preserving a level playing field on the air transport market as regards the use of aviation fuels. Such a framework shouldmust prevent divergent requirements across the Union that would exacerbate refuelling practices distorting competition between aircraft operators or putting some airports at competitive disadvantage with others. In a second instance, it aims to gear the EU aviation market with robust rules to ensure that gradually increasing shares of sustainable aviation fuels can be introduced at EU airports without detrimental effects on the competitiveness of the EU aviation internal market.
Amendment 129 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 16
Recital 16
(16) Development and deployment of sustainable aviation fuels with a high potential for sustainability, commercial maturity and a high potential for innovation and growth to meet future needs should be promoted. This should support creating innovative and competitive fuels markets and ensure sufficient supply of sustainable aviation fuels for aviation in short and long term to contribute to Union transport decarbonisation ambitions, while strengthening Union’s efforts towards a high level of environmental protection. For this purpose, sustainable aviation fuels produced from all feedstock listed in Parts A and B of Annex IX of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, as well as synthetic aviation fuels should be eligible. In particular, sustainable aviation fuels produced from feedstock listed in Part B of Annex IX of Directive (EU) 2018/2001 are essential, as currently the most commercially mature technology to decarbonise air transport already in the short termwith exception of biofuels produced from "food and feed crops" as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, point 40 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, as well as synthetic aviation fuels should be eligible. Over time, with the development of new technologies, the list of feedstocks must be adjusted accordingly in order to further prevent greenwashing and misuse of feedstocks.
Amendment 140 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 19
Recital 19
(19) The present Regulation should aim to ensure that aircraft operators can compete on the basis of equal opportunities as regards the access to sustainable aviation fuels. To avoid any distortions on the air services market, all Union airports covered by this Regulation should be supplied with uniform minimum shares of sustainable aviation fuels. Whereas the market is free to supply and use larger quantities of sustainable fuel, this Regulation should ensure that the mandatory minimum shares of sustainable aviation fuels are the same across all the covered airports. It supersedes any requirements established directly or indirectly at national or regional level requiring aircraft operators or aviation fuel suppliers to uptake or supply sustainable aviation fuels with different targets than the ones prescribed under this Regulation. In order to create a clear and predictable legal framework and in doing so encourage the market development and deployment of the most sustainable and innovative with growth potential to meet future needs fuel technologies, this Regulation should set out gradually increasing minimum shares of synthetic aviation fuels over time. Setting out a dedicated sub-obligation on synthetic aviation fuels is necessary in view of the significant decarbonisation potential of such fuels, and in view of their current estimated production costs. When produced from renewable electricity and carbon captured directly from the air, synthetic aviation fuels can achieve as high as 100% emissions savings compared to conventional aviation fuel. They also have notable advantages compared to other types of sustainable aviation fuels with regards to resource efficiency (in particular for water needs) of the production process. However, synthetic aviation fuels’ production costs are currently estimated at 3 to 6 times higher than the market price of conventional aviation fuel. Therefore, this Regulation should establish a dedicated sub-obligation for this technology which must be re-assessed in 2038 and adjusted according to the market development. Other types of synthetic fuels, such as low carbon synthetic fuels achieving high greenhouse gas reductions, could be considered for inclusion in the scope of this Regulation in the course of future revisions, where such fuels become defined under the Renewable Energy Directive.
Amendment 144 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 20
Recital 20
(20) It is essential to ensure that the minimum shares of sustainable aviation fuels can be successfully supplied to all the airports in the aviation market without supply shortages. For this purpose, sufficient lead-time should be planned to allow the renewable fuels industry to develop production capacity accordingly. The supply of sustainable aviation fuels should become mandatory starting in 2025. Similarly, in order to provide legal certainty and predictability to the market and drive investments durably towards sustainable aviation fuels production capacity, the terms of this Regulation should be stable over a long period of time.
Amendment 146 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 32 a (new)
Recital 32 a (new)
Amendment 151 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 32 b (new)
Recital 32 b (new)
Amendment 157 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 26 a (new)
Recital 26 a (new)
Amendment 162 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 5
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 5
— ‘sustainable aviation fuels’ (‘SAF’) means drop-in and non-drop in aviation fuels that are either hydrogen, synthetic aviation fuels, advanced biofuels as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, point 34 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, or biofuels produced from the feedstock listed in Part B of Annex IX to that Directive or biofuels of low ILUC risk, which comply with the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions criteria laid down in Article 29(2) to (7) of that Directive and are certified in accordance with Article 30 of this Directive;
Amendment 166 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 28
Recital 28
(28) In order to ensure a level playing field of the aviation internal market and the adherence to the climate ambitions of the Union, this Regulation should introduce effective, proportionate and dissuasive penalties on drop-in aviation fuel suppliers and aircraft operators in case of non- compliance. The level of the penalties needs to be proportionate to the environmental damage and to the prejudice to the level-playing field of the internal market inflicted by the non-compliance. When imposing administrative fines, the authorities should take into account the evolution of the price of aviation fuel and sustainable aviation fuel in the reporting year; penalties might only be imposed on drop-in aviation fuel suppliers and aircraft operators.
Amendment 167 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 8
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 8
— ‘synthetic aviation fuels’ means liquid or gaseous fuels that are renewable fuels of non- biological origin and recycled carbon fuels, as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, point 35 and point 36 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, or electricity used in aviation;
Amendment 170 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 29
Recital 29
(29) The penalties for the suppliers of drop-in SAF who fail to meet the targets set in this Regulation should be complemented by the obligation to supply the market with the shortfall of meeting the quota in the subsequent year;
Amendment 172 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 30
Recital 30
(30) This Regulation should include provisions for periodic reports to the European Parliament and the Council on the evolution of the aviation and fuels markets, the effectiveness of key features of the Regulation such as the minimum shares of sustainable aviation fuels, the level of administrative fines or policy developments on sustainable aviation fuels uptake at international level, impact on Union and international competitiveness, consumer price evolution, fuel tankering cases, and pre-routing by non-EU airlines. Such elements are key to provide a clear state of play of the sustainable aviation fuels market and should be taken into account when considering a revision of the Regulation or additional support mechanisms for affected industries.
Amendment 176 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 31
Recital 31
(31) A transitional period of 54 years should be provided to allow for a reasonable amount of time for aviation fuel suppliers, Union airports and aircraft operators to make the necessary technological and logistical investments. During this phase, aviation fuel containing higher shares of sustainable aviation fuel may be used to compensate for lower shares of sustainable aviation fuels or for the reduced availability of conventional aviation fuel at other airports.
Amendment 180 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 32 a (new)
Recital 32 a (new)
(32a) Given that this Regulation will generate additional compliance costs for affected sectors, compensatory actions need to be taken in order to prevent the total level of regulatory burdens from increasing. The Commission should therefore be obliged to present, before the entry into force of this Regulation, proposals offsetting the regulatory burdens introduced by this Regulation, through the revision or abolishment of provisions in other Union Regulations that generate compliance costs in the affected sectors.
Amendment 184 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 32 a (new)
Recital 32 a (new)
(32 a) Given that this Regulation will generate additional costs for affected sectors and therefore for passengers, compensatory actions need to be taken. The Commission should therefore be obliged to present respective proposals before entry into force of this Regulation. The proposals should support necessary investments and offset the new financial burdens. Addressing on the one hand measures at EU level, such as enforcing public private partnerships, a targeted investment strategy and a clear allocation of financial resources by establishing a dedicated innovation fund, and on the other hand measures at Member States level such as reduction of taxes, charges and levies as well as the costs and duration of certification processes.
Amendment 187 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 5 – paragraph 1
Article 5 – paragraph 1
The yearly quantity of aviation fuel uplifted by a given aircraft operator purchased from an aviation fuel supplier at a given Union airport shall be at least 90% of the yearly aviation fuel required.
Amendment 188 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 1
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 1
— ‘Union airport’ means an airport as defined in Article 2(21) of Directive 2009/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council13 , where passenger traffic was higher than 1 million passengers or where the freight traffic was higher than 100000 tons in the reporting period, and is not situated in an outermost region, as listed in Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union; _________________ 13Directive 2009/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2009 on airport charges
Amendment 188 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 32 b (new)
Recital 32 b (new)
(32 b) Research and innovation will play a substantial role in the development of sustainable and synthetic aviation fuels and the production capacity building. A respective investment priority should be clearly set within the relevant EU funding programmes identified by the Commission, i.e. Horizon Europe, Connecting Europe Facility, EU ETS Innovation Fund, InvestEU. A number of calls should be reserved to respective R&D activities.
Amendment 196 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 1
Article 6 – paragraph 1
Union airports or responsible fuel suppliers shall take necessary measures to facilitate the access of aircraft operators to aviation fuels containing shares of sustainable aviation fuels in accordance with Annex I and, shall provide the infrastructure necessary for the delivery, storage and uplifting of such fuels.
Amendment 200 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 5
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 5
— ‘sustainable aviation fuels’ (‘SAF’) means drop-in aviation fuels that are either synthetic aviation fuels, advanced biofuels or biofuels with the exception of biofuels produced from ‘food and feed crops’ as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, point 340 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, or biofuels produced from the feedstock listed in Part B of Annex IX to that Directive, and which comply with the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions criteria laid down in Article 29(2) to (7) of that Directive and are certified in accordance with Article 30 of this Directive;
Amendment 214 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 5
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 5
— ‘sustainable aviation fuels’ (‘SAF’) means drop-in aviation fuels that are either hydrogen, synthetic aviation fuels, advanced biofuels as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, point 34 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, or biofuels produced from othe feedstock listed in Part B of Annex IX to that Directiver than high ILUC-risk feedstock, which comply with the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions criteria laid down in Article 29(2) to (7) of that Directive (EU)2018/2001 and are certified in accordance with Article 30 of this Directive;
Amendment 228 #
— ‘synthetic aviation fuels’ means liquid or gaseous fuels that are renewable fuels of non- biological origin and recycled carbon fuels, as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, point 35 and point 36 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, or electricity used in aviation;
Amendment 231 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 7
Article 11 – paragraph 7
(7) Member States shall have the necessary legal and administrative framework in place at national level to ensure the fulfilment of the obligations and the collection of the administrative fines. Member States shall transfer the amount collected through those administrative fines as contribution to the InvestEU Green Transition Investment Facility, as a top-up to the EUnion guarantee, for the purpose of exclusively supporting projects that will help the industry to develop and deploy sustainable and synthetic aviation fuels and innovative technologies in the aviation sector.
Amendment 238 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 5 – paragraph 1
Article 5 – paragraph 1
The yearly quantity of aviation fuel uplifted by a given aircraft operator at a given Union airport shall be at least 90% of the yearly aviation fuel required, taking into account the necessary compliance with fuel safety rules.
Amendment 245 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph -1 (new)
Article 14 – paragraph -1 (new)
-1 The Commission shall present, before the entry into force of this Regulation, proposals offsetting the costs of this Regulation. Those proposals should include measures at Union level and at Member States level.
Amendment 251 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1
Article 14 – paragraph 1
By 1 January 2028 and every five years thereafter, the Commission services shall present a report to the European Parliament and the Council, on CO2-reductions achieved, on the evolution of the aviation fuels market and its impact on the aviation internal market of the Union, including regarding the possible extension of the scope of this Regulation to other energy sources, and other types of synthetic fuels defined under the Renewable Energy Directive, the possible revision of the minimum shares in Article 4 and Annex I, and the level of administrative fines. The report shall include information, where available, on development of a potential policy framework for uptake of sustainable aviation fuels at ICAO level. The report shall also inform on technological advancements in the area of research and innovation in the aviation industry which are relevant to sustainable aviation fuels, including with regards to the reduction of non-CO2 emissions. The report may consider if this Regulation should be amended and, options for amendments, where appropriate, in line with a potential policy framework on sustainable aviation fuels uptake at ICAO level.
Amendment 254 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 14 – paragraph 1 a (new)
The Commission shall report to the European Parliament and the Council, by 1 January 2030, and every third year until 2050, the results of an evaluation on the functioning of this Regulation, with emphasis on the effects of this Regulation on the functioning of the single market, the competitiveness of affected sectors and the magnitude of potential carbon leakage.
Amendment 255 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1 b (new)
Article 14 – paragraph 1 b (new)
The Commission shall report to the European Parliament and the Council, by 1 January 2030, and every fifth year until 2050, the results of a comprehensive evaluation of the aggregated macroeconomic impact of the Regulation that make up the Fit for 55 package1a, with emphasis on the effects on the Union's competitiveness, job creation, transport, freight rates, household purchasing power and the magnitude of potential carbon leakage. _________________ 1a Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions - 'Fit for 55': delivering the EU's 2030 Climate Target on the way to climate neutrality (COM(2021) 550 final), 14 July 2021.
Amendment 256 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1 c (new)
Article 14 – paragraph 1 c (new)
The Commission shall consider possible amendments to this Regulation with regards to regulatory simplification. The Commission and the competent authorities shall continuously adapt to best practice administrative procedures and take all measures to simplify the enforcement of the Regulation, keeping administrative burdens to a minimum.
Amendment 261 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point a
Annex I – point a
(a) From 1 January 2025, a minimum share of 25 % of SAF of which a maximum of 0,325 Mtoe of biofuels produced from Part B, Annex IX of Directive (EU) 2018/2001 and a minimum share of 0,04 % of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 264 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point b
Annex I – point b
(b) From 1 January 2030, a minimum share of 510 % of SAF, of which a maximum of 0,325 Mtoe of biofuels produced from Part B, Annex IX of the Directive (EU) 2018/2001 and a minimum share of 0.72 % of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 267 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 8 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Aircraft operators shall not be required to surrender allowances under the EU ETS scheme for the uplifting of sustainable aviation fuels in accordance with Directive 2003/87/EC. Until 1 January 2030 aircraft operators shall be temporarily able to claim free allowances for the sustainable aviation fuels especially for the uptake of synthetic aviation fuels in accordance with Article [3c (new)] Directive 2003/87/EC. Aircraft operators shall not claim benefits for the use of an identical batch of sustainable aviation fuels under more than one greenhouse gas scheme. Together with the report referred to in Article 7, aircraft operators shall provide the Agency with:
Amendment 268 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point c
Annex I – point c
(c) From 1 January 2035, a minimum share of 205 % of SAF, of which a maximum of 0,325 Mtoe of biofuels produced from Part B, Annex IX of Directive (EU) 2018/2001 and a minimum share of 5 % of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 273 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point d
Annex I – point d
(d) From 1 January 2040, a minimum share of 3240 % of SAF, of which a minimum share of 814 % of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 277 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point e
Annex I – point e
(e) From 1 January 2045, a minimum volume share of 3863 % of SAF, of which a minimum share of 1133 % of synthetic aviation fuels.
Amendment 280 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point f
Annex I – point f
(f) From 1 January 2050, a minimum volume share of 6375 % of SAF, of which a minimum share of 2853 % of synthetic aviation fuels
Amendment 285 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 1
Article 11 – paragraph 1
(1) Member States shall lay down the rules on penalties applicable to infringements of the provisions adopted pursuant to this Regulation and shall take all measures necessary to ensure that they are implemented. The penalties provided for must be effective, proportionate and dissuasive and must be applied only to drop-in sustainable aviation fuels and not to other types of alternative fuels or technologies. Member States shall notify these provisions to the Commission by 31 December 2023 at the latest and shall notify it without delay of any subsequent amendment affecting them.
Amendment 307 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 7
Article 11 – paragraph 7
(7) Member States shall have the necessary legal and administrative framework in place at national level to ensure the fulfilment of the obligations and the collection of the administrative fines. Member States shall transfer the amount collected through those administrative fines as contribution to the InvestEU Green Transitinovation Fund with a focus on Iinvestment Facility, asto support cross-border projects in a geographically non-discriminatory way aimed at top-up to the EU guaranteehe rapid production and deployment of sustainable aviation fuels in the aviation sector.
Amendment 320 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 13 – paragraph 1
Article 13 – paragraph 1
By way of derogation from Article 4, from 1 January 2025 until 31 December 20298, for each reporting period, an aviation fuel supplier may supply the minimum share of sustainable aviation fuel defined in Annex I as a weighted average over all the aviation fuel it supplied across Union airports for that reporting period.
Amendment 320 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 13 – paragraph 1
Article 13 – paragraph 1
By way of derogation from Article 4, from 1 January 2025 until 31 December 20298, for each reporting period, an aviation fuel supplier may supply the minimum share of sustainable aviation fuel defined in Annex I as a weighted average over all the aviation fuel it supplied across Union airports for that reporting period.
Amendment 327 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1
Article 14 – paragraph 1
By 1 January 2028 and every five years thereafter, the Commission services shall present a report to the European Parliament and the Council, on the evolution of the aviation fuels market and its impact on the aviation internal market of the Union, including regarding the possible extension of the scope of this Regulation to other energy sources, andmeasures to mitigate climate effects of non-CO2 emissions (i.e. cirrus clouds of contrails), other types of synthetic fuels defined under the Renewable Energy Directive, the possible revision of the minimum shares in Article 4 and Annex I, and the level of administrative fines. The report shall include information, where available, on development of a potential policy framework for uptake of sustainable aviation fuels at ICAO level. The report shall also inform on technological advancements in the area of research and innovation in the aviation industry which are relevant to sustainable aviation fuels, including with regards to the reduction of non-CO2 emissions. The report may consider if this Regulation should be amended and, options for amendments, where appropriate, in line with a potential policy framework on sustainable aviation fuels uptake at ICAO level.
Amendment 327 #
By 1 January 2028 and every five years thereafter, the Commission services shall present a report to the European Parliament and the Council, on the evolution of the aviation fuels market and its impact on the aviation internal market of the Union, including regarding the possible extension of the scope of this Regulation to other energy sources, andmeasures to mitigate climate effects of non-CO2 emissions (i.e. cirrus clouds of contrails), other types of synthetic fuels defined under the Renewable Energy Directive, the possible revision of the minimum shares in Article 4 and Annex I, and the level of administrative fines. The report shall include information, where available, on development of a potential policy framework for uptake of sustainable aviation fuels at ICAO level. The report shall also inform on technological advancements in the area of research and innovation in the aviation industry which are relevant to sustainable aviation fuels, including with regards to the reduction of non-CO2 emissions. The report may consider if this Regulation should be amended and, options for amendments, where appropriate, in line with a potential policy framework on sustainable aviation fuels uptake at ICAO level.
Amendment 328 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1
Article 14 – paragraph 1
By 1 January 2028 and every five years thereafter, the Commission services shall present a report to the European Parliament and the Council, on the evolution of the aviation fuels market and its impact on the aviation internal market of the Union, including regarding the possible extension of the scope of this Regulation to other energy sources, and other types of synthetic fuels defined under the Renewable Energy Directive, the possible revision of the minimum shares in Article 4 and Annex I, and the level of administrative fines. The report shall include information, where available, on development of a potential policy framework for uptake of sustainable aviation fuels at ICAO level. The report shall also inform on technological advancements in the area of research and innovation in the aviation industry which are relevant to sustainable aviation fuels, including with regards to the reduction of non-CO2 emissions. The report may consider if this Regulation should be amended and, options for amendments, where appropriate, in line with a potential policy framework on sustainable aviation fuels uptake at ICAO level. By 2038 the Commission shall present a revision of Annex I in accordance with the aforementioned report.
Amendment 328 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1
Article 14 – paragraph 1
By 1 January 2028 and every five years thereafter, the Commission services shall present a report to the European Parliament and the Council, on the evolution of the aviation fuels market and its impact on the aviation internal market of the Union, including regarding the possible extension of the scope of this Regulation to other energy sources, and other types of synthetic fuels defined under the Renewable Energy Directive, the possible revision of the minimum shares in Article 4 and Annex I, and the level of administrative fines. The report shall include information, where available, on development of a potential policy framework for uptake of sustainable aviation fuels at ICAO level. The report shall also inform on technological advancements in the area of research and innovation in the aviation industry which are relevant to sustainable aviation fuels, including with regards to the reduction of non-CO2 emissions. The report may consider if this Regulation should be amended and, options for amendments, where appropriate, in line with a potential policy framework on sustainable aviation fuels uptake at ICAO level. By 2038 the Commission shall present a revision of Annex I in accordance with the aforementioned report.
Amendment 329 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 14 – paragraph 1 a (new)
The Commission shall report to the European Parliament and to the Council, by 1 January 2030, and every fifth year until 2050, on the results of a comprehensive evaluation and monitoring of this Regulation in relation to the Union's competitiveness, transport costs, possible market distortions and, if necessary, to present supporting and incentivizing mechanisms.
Amendment 329 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 14 – paragraph 1 a (new)
The Commission shall report to the European Parliament and to the Council, by 1 January 2030, and every fifth year until 2050, on the results of a comprehensive evaluation and monitoring of this Regulation in relation to the Union's competitiveness, transport costs, possible market distortions and, if necessary, to present supporting and incentivizing mechanisms.
Amendment 333 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – title
Annex I – title
Annex I (EU harmonised volume shares)
Amendment 333 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – title
Annex I – title
Annex I (EU harmonised volume shares)
Amendment 337 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point a
Annex I – point a
(a) From 1 January 2025, a minimum share of 2% of SAF; of which a minimum share of 0,03 % of synthetic fuels;
Amendment 337 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point a
Annex I – point a
(a) From 1 January 2025, a minimum share of 2% of SAF; of which a minimum share of 0,03 % of synthetic fuels;
Amendment 443 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point a
Annex I – point a
(a) From 1 January 2025, a minimum share of 2% of SAF of which a maximum of 0.325 Mtoe of biofuels produced from Part B, Annex IX of Directive (EU)2018/2001 and a minimum share of 0.04% of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 449 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point b
Annex I – point b
(b) From 1 January 2030, a minimum share of 5% of SAF, of which a maximum of 0.325 Mtoe of biofuels produced from Part B, Annex IX of the Directive (EU) 2018/2001 and a minimum share of 0.7% of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 457 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point c
Annex I – point c
(c) From 1 January 2035, a minimum share of 20% of SAF, of which a maximum of 0.325Mtoe of biofuels produced from Part B, Annex IX of Directive (EU)2018/2001 and a minimum share of 5% of synthetic aviation fuels;