35 Amendments of Andreas GLÜCK related to 2021/0205(COD)
Amendment 57 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 1
Recital 1
(1) Over the past decades, air transport has played a crucial role in the Union's economy and in the everyday lives of Union citizens, as one of the best performing and most dynamic sectors of the Union economy. It has been a strong driver for economic growth, jobs, trade and tourism, as well as for connectivity and mobility for businesses and citizens alike, particularly within the Union aviat. The transport sector has contributed to foster cohesion, to reduce regional disparities and to improve connectivity and access to the Union internal market for all regions. Growth in air transport services has significantly contributed to improving connectivity within the Union and with third countries, and has been a significant enabler of the Union economy.
Amendment 67 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 2 a (new)
Recital 2 a (new)
(2a) The largest increases in greenhouse gas emissions are expected in the aviation sector, with air traffic levels equivalent to the pre-COVID period, as they are usually not prioritised in national policies. This is why a harmonised legal framework should be put in place at European level to promote the decarbonisation of the airline industry while preserving its competitiveness.
Amendment 86 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 8
Recital 8
(8) Sustainable aviation fuels are liquid, drop-in fuels, fully fungible with conventional aviation fuel and compatible with existing aircraft engines. Several production pathways of sustainable aviation fuels have been certified at global level for use in civil or military aviation. Sustainable aviation fuels are technologically ready to play an important role in reducing emissions from air transport already in the very short term. They are expected to account for a major part of the aviation fuel mix in the medium and long term. Further, with the support of appropriate international fuel standards, sustainable aviation fuels might contribute to lowering the aromatic content of the final fuel used by an operator, thus helping to reduce other non-CO2 emissions. Other alternatives to power aircraft, such as electricity or liquid hydrogen, thus maintaining technological neutrality, are expected to progressively contribute to the decarbonisation of air transport, beginning with short-haul flights.
Amendment 87 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 6 a (new)
Recital 6 a (new)
(6a) To meet its commitment of net zero carbon emissions by 2050, the aviation sector faces a major challenge that requires a comprehensive approach and carbon footprint reductions at all levels, coming from the deployment at a large scale of sustainable fuels to more frugal aircraft in the future, but also a reduction in the environmental footprint on the ground as runway equipment accounts for 4% of an airport's CO2 emissions.
Amendment 90 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10
Recital 10
(10) At global level, sustainable aviation fuels are regulated at ICAO. In particular, ICAO establishes detailed requirements on the sustainability, traceability and accounting of sustainable aviation fuels for use on flights covered by the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA). While incentives are set in CORSIA and sustainable aviation fuels are considered an integral pillar of the work on the feasibility of a Long-Term Aspiration Goal for international aviation, there is currently no mandatory scheme on the use of sustainable aviation fuels for international flights. The measures provided for in this Regulation should be raised in ICAO for global implementation Comprehensive multilateral or bilateral air transport agreements between the EUnion or its Member States, and third countries generally include provisions on environmental protection. However, for the time being, such provisions do not impose on contracting parties any binding requirements on the use of sustainable aviation fuels.
Amendment 92 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10 a (new)
Recital 10 a (new)
(10 a) The Union should take a global lead in the shift towards the use of sustainable fuels and it would be desirable to propose incentives for those actors that exceed the targets proposed in this Regulation.
Amendment 101 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 8 a (new)
Recital 8 a (new)
(8a) The recent sectoral developments characterised by partnerships set up between fuel producers and European airlines to supply their flights with a significant proportion of sustainable aviation fuel should be supported, as well as the commitments made by some airlines companies to start operating 10% of their flights with sustainable aviation fuel by 2030.
Amendment 107 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10
Recital 10
(10) At global level, sustainable aviation fuels are regulated at ICAO. In particular, ICAO establishes detailed requirements on the sustainability, traceability and accounting of sustainable aviation fuels for use on flights covered by the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA). While incentives are set in CORSIA and sustainable aviation fuels are considered an integral pillar of the work on the feasibility of a Long-Term Aspiration Goal for international aviation, there is currently no mandatory scheme on the use of sustainable aviation fuels for international flights. It is therefore important that the Union sustains the efforts made at ICAO level and strives for an ambitious global system that promotes the use of sustainable aviation fuels and provides for an international level playing field. Comprehensive multilateral or bilateral air transport agreements between the EU or its Member States, and third countries generally include provisions on environmental protection. However, for the time being, such provisions do not impose on contracting parties any binding requirements on the use of sustainable aviation fuels. The Union should therefore encourage neighbouring countries to adopt similar mandates for sustainable aviation fuels in the framework of bilateral air agreements, in order to provide for a level playing field for international long-haul flights.
Amendment 125 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 22
Recital 22
(22) Airports covered by this Regulation should ensure that all the necessary infrastructure is provided for delivery, storage and refuelling of sustainable aviation fuel, so as not to constitute an obstacle with respect to the uptake of such sustainable aviation fuel. Airports should also take the necessary measures for the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure for hydrogen and electric recharging for aircrafts. If necessary, the Agency should be able to require a Union airport to provide information on the infrastructure available allowing for seamless distribution and refuelling of aircraft operators with sustainable aviation fuels. The role of the Agency should allow airports and airlines to have a common focal point, in the event where technical clarification is necessary on the availability of fuel infrastructure.
Amendment 137 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 28 a (new)
Recital 28 a (new)
(28 a) The revenues generated from the payment of penalties should be used to promote the distribution and use of sustainable aviation fuels, research and innovation in the aviation industry, accelerate the decarbonisation of the aviation sector, support investment in innovative technologies and infrastructure for the production, uptake and deployment of sustainable aviation fuels and other low-carbon fuels. For this purpose these revenues should be allocated to the Sustainable Aviation [Fuels] Fund (‘the Fund’).
Amendment 142 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 20
Recital 20
(20) It is essential to ensure that the minimum shares of sustainable aviation fuels can be successfully supplied to the aviation market without supply shortages. For this purpose, sufficient lead-time should be planned to allow the renewable fuels industry to develop production capacity accordingly. The supply of sustainable aviation fuels should become mandatory starting in 2025. Similarly, in order to provide legal certainty and predictability to the market and drive investments durably towards sustainable aviation fuels production capacity, the terms of this Regulation should be stable over a long period of time. However, the feasibility of targets should be reassessed when appropriate depending on feedstock availabilities and production volumes.
Amendment 146 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 21
Recital 21
(21) With the introduction and ramp-up of sustainable aviation fuels at Union airports, practices of fuel tankering may be exacerbated as a consequence of aviation fuel costs increases. Tankering practices are unstainable and should be avoided as they undermine the Union’s efforts to reduce environmental impacts from transport. Those would be contrary to the aviation decarbonisation objectives as increased aircraft weight would increase fuel consumption and related emissions on a given flight. Tankering practices also put at risk the level playing field in the Union between aircraft operators, and also between airports. This Regulation should therefore require aircraft operators to refuel prior to departure from a given Union airport. Nevertheless, a derogation to the restriction of fuel tankering should be foreseen in case of practical difficulties encountered by airlines (airspace or airport closure, weather conditions, supply shortages) at destination airports that would prevent re-fuelling. The amount of fuel uplifted prior to departures from a given Union airport should be commensurate with the amount of fuel necessary to operate the flights departing from that airport, taking into account the necessary compliance with fuel safety rules. The requirement ensures that equal conditions for operations in the Union applying equally to Union and foreign operators, while ensuring high level of environmental protection. As the Regulation does not define a maximum share of sustainable aviation fuels in all aviation fuels, airlines and fuel suppliers may pursue more ambitious environmental policies with higher sustainable aviation fuels uptake and supply in their overall network of operations, while avoiding fuel tankering.
Amendment 151 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 22
Recital 22
(22) Airports covered by this Regulation should ensure that all the necessary infrastructure is provided for delivery, storage and refuelling of sustainable aviation fuel, so as not to constitute an obstacle with respect to the uptake of such sustainable aviation fuel. If necessary, the Agency should be able to require a Union airport to provide information on the infrastructure available allowing for seamless distribution and refuelling of aircraft operators with sustainable aviation fuels. The role of the Agency should allow airports and airlines to have a common focal point, in the event where technical clarification is necessary on the availability of fuel infrastructure. When electric or hydrogen-powered aircrafts become mature and commercially available, it will be necessary for airports covered by this Regulation to take all necessary measures to facilitate an appropriate infrastructure for hydrogen and electric recharging for aircrafts, in accordance with the respective deployment plan of the national policy framework, as set out in a Regulation on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure.
Amendment 156 #
(26a) The introduction in the Union of a mandate on the uptake of sustainable aviation fuels could lead to an undue competitive disadvantage for Union airlines operating direct long-haul flights from a Union airport in comparison with their competitors connecting via an airport hub outside the Union. In order to further promote the uptake of sustainable aviation fuels in the Union, while avoiding an undue distortion of the international level playing field, airlines should be entitled to obtain free allowances for the uplifting of sustainable aviation fuels under the EU ETS scheme. In parallel, the Union should encourage neighbouring countries to adopt similar mandates for sustainable aviation fuels in the framework of bilateral air agreements, in order to provide for a level playing field for international, long-haul flights.
Amendment 160 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 27
Recital 27
(27) In order to create incentives for the uptake of sustainable aviation fuels, that have a substantial price difference compared with conventional fuels, it is essential that aircraft operators can claim the use of sustainable aviation fuels under greenhouse gas schemes such as the EU Emissions Trading System or CORSIA, depending on the route of their flights. However, it is essential that this regulation should not lead to a double counting of emissions reductions. Aircraft operators should only be allowed to claim benefits for the use of an identical batch of sustainable aviation fuels once. Fuel suppliers should be requested to provide free of charge to aircraft operators any information pertaining to the properties of the sustainable aviation fuel sold to that aircraft operator and that is relevant for reporting purposes by the aircraft operator under this Regulation or greenhouse gas schemes.
Amendment 164 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 5
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 5
— ‘sustainable aviation fuels’ (‘SAF’) means drop-in aviation fuels that are either synthetic aviation fuels, advanced biofuels as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, point 34 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, or biofuels produced from the feedstock listed in Part B of Annex IX to that Directive, which comply with the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions criteria laid down in Article 29(2) to (7) of that Directive and are certified in accordance with Article 30 of this Directive;
Amendment 169 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 8
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 8
— ‘synthetic aviation fuels’ means liquid or gaseous fuels that are renewable fuels of non- biological origin, as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, point 36 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, or electricity or hydrogen used in aviation;
Amendment 194 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 1
Article 6 – paragraph 1
Union airports shall take necessary measures to facilitate the access of aircraft operators to aviation fuels containing shares of sustainable aviation fuels in accordance with Annex I and, shall provide the infrastructure necessary for the delivery, storage and uplifting of such fuels. as well as for hydrogen and electric recharging/refuelling of aircrafts, in accordance with [Article13 of Regulation on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure].
Amendment 234 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 7
Article 11 – paragraph 7
(7) Member States shall have the necessary legal and administrative framework in place at national level to ensure the fulfilment of the obligations and the collection of the administrative fines. Member States shall transfer the amount collected through those administrative fines as contribution to the InvestEU Green Transition Investment Facility, as a top-up to the EU guaranteeSustainable Aviation [Fuels] Fund, established under Article 11a.
Amendment 235 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 a (new)
Article 11 a (new)
Article 11 a Sustainable Aviation [Fuels] Fund 1. A Sustainable Aviation [Fuels] Fund (‘the Fund’) shall be established for the period from 2023 to 2050 to accelerate the decarbonisation of the aviation sector without hampering its highly integrated internal market, and in particular to support investment in innovative technologies and infrastructure for the production, uptake and deployment of sustainable aviation fuels and other low- carbon fuels, such as liquid hydrogen and electricity, including the development, testing and deployment of innovative aircraft technologies that have the potential to achieve significant emission reductions, and to support redeployment, re-skilling and up-skilling of workers, with a special focus on women to promote their incorporation into the aeronautics industry and related sectors. All investment supported by the Fund shall be made public and shall be consistent with the aims of this Regulation. 2. The Fund shall be managed centrally through a Union body whose governance structure and decision making process shall be transparent and inclusive, in particular in the setting of priority areas, criteria and grant allocation procedures. Relevant stakeholders shall have an appropriate consultative role. All information on the investments and all other relevant information on the functioning of the Fund shall be made available to the public.
Amendment 237 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 12 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 12 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Amendment 268 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 8 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Aircraft operators shall be able to claim the allocation of free allowances under the ETS scheme for the uplifting of sustainable aviation fuels in accordance with Article [3e (new)] of Directive 2003/87/EC. Aircraft operators shall not claim benefits for the use of an identical batch of sustainable aviation fuels under more than one greenhouse gas scheme. Together with the report referred to in Article 7, aircraft operators shall provide the Agency with:
Amendment 279 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
Article 9 – paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
(ca) where applicable, the volume of hydrogen and/or electricity, supplied to each Union airport.
Amendment 325 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1
Article 14 – paragraph 1
By 1 January 2028 and every five years thereafter, the Commission services shall present a report to the European Parliament and the Council, on the deployment of sustainable aviation fuels that includes: (a) the evolution of the aviation fuels market and its impact on the aviation internal market of the Union, including regarding the possible extension of the scope of this Regulation to other energy sources, and other types of synthetic fuels defined under the Renewable Energy Directive, the possible revision of the minimum shares in Article 4 and Annex I, and the level of administrative fines. The report shall include(b) a detailed analysis and quantification of the sourcing of sustainable aviation fuel feedstock to achieve the objectives laid down in Annex I of this Regulation. It shall be based on an impact assessment of Union feedstock availability taking into account sustainable harvesting limits and on existing other uses of those materials. (c) information, on the uptake of the use of sustainable aviation fuels in Union neighbouring countries and globally. (d) information, where available, on development of a potential policy framework for uptake of sustainable aviation fuels at ICAO level. The report shall also inform on technological advancements in the area of research and innovation in the aviation industry which are relevant to sustainable aviation fuels, including with regards to the reduction of non-CO2 emissions. The report may consider if this Regulation should be amended and, options for amendments, where appropriate, in line with a potential policy framework on sustainable aviation fuels uptake at ICAO level.
Amendment 325 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1
Article 14 – paragraph 1
By 1 January 2028 and every five years thereafter, the Commission services shall present a report to the European Parliament and the Council, on the deployment of sustainable aviation fuels that includes: (a) the evolution of the aviation fuels market and its impact on the aviation internal market of the Union, including regarding the possible extension of the scope of this Regulation to other energy sources, and other types of synthetic fuels defined under the Renewable Energy Directive, the possible revision of the minimum shares in Article 4 and Annex I, and the level of administrative fines. The report shall include(b) a detailed analysis and quantification of the sourcing of sustainable aviation fuel feedstock to achieve the objectives laid down in Annex I of this Regulation. It shall be based on an impact assessment of Union feedstock availability taking into account sustainable harvesting limits and on existing other uses of those materials. (c) information, on the uptake of the use of sustainable aviation fuels in Union neighbouring countries and globally. (d) information, where available, on development of a potential policy framework for uptake of sustainable aviation fuels at ICAO level. The report shall also inform on technological advancements in the area of research and innovation in the aviation industry which are relevant to sustainable aviation fuels, including with regards to the reduction of non-CO2 emissions. The report may consider if this Regulation should be amended and, options for amendments, where appropriate, in line with a potential policy framework on sustainable aviation fuels uptake at ICAO level.
Amendment 343 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point b
Annex I – point b
(b) From 1 January 2030, a minimum share of 5% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 0.71% of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 343 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point b
Annex I – point b
(b) From 1 January 2030, a minimum share of 5% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 0.71% of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 347 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point c
Annex I – point c
(c) From 1 January 2035, a minimum share of 20% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 7,5% of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 347 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point c
Annex I – point c
(c) From 1 January 2035, a minimum share of 20% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 7,5% of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 354 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point d
Annex I – point d
(d) From 1 January 2040, a minimum share of 32% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 812% of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 354 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point d
Annex I – point d
(d) From 1 January 2040, a minimum share of 32% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 812% of synthetic aviation fuels;
Amendment 358 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point e
Annex I – point e
(e) From 1 January 2045, a minimum volume share of 38% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 115% of synthetic aviation fuels.
Amendment 358 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point e
Annex I – point e
(e) From 1 January 2045, a minimum volume share of 38% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 115% of synthetic aviation fuels.
Amendment 365 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point f
Annex I – point f
(f) From 1 January 2050, a minimum volume share of 63% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 2830% of synthetic aviation fuels
Amendment 365 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point f
Annex I – point f
(f) From 1 January 2050, a minimum volume share of 63% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 2830% of synthetic aviation fuels