Activities of Henrike HAHN related to 2021/2011(INI)
Plenary speeches (1)
A European strategy for critical raw materials (debate)
Shadow reports (1)
REPORT on a European strategy for critical raw materials
Amendments (35)
Amendment 14 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas critical raw materials (CRMs) are the originators of industrial value creation and therefore essentially affect downstream sectors; whereas it is of high importance that the EU takes back control of itsforges a comprehensive CRM strategy based on the highest environmental, social and human rights standards to ensure CRM sufficiency, factoring in their flows, value, and supply chains’ sustainability, and to supports, fosters and digitalises ecosystems since this is the new core capacity in international (industrial) competitionwhile acknowledging that international industrial competitiveness in the long term is underpinned by climate and biodiversity protection and that investing in the European recycling industry lowers the dependency on resources and CRMs imports;
Amendment 23 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas the growing population and the transition towards digital, highly energy-efficient and climate-neutral economies lead in all scenarios to a significant higand fully circular economies lead to a higher demand for CRMs6; whereas an Öko institute study1a found that green technologies are decisively responsible for the future demand increase of only 6 out of 30 materials on the EU’s CRM list and other sectors – such as defence and airspace, fertilisers, steel and robotics – play a major role in driving ther demand for CRMs6 ; _________________ 1a Green technologies and critical raw materials, https://bit.ly/3zIwnt6 6World Bank, Commission Foresight Study, OECD.
Amendment 32 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
Recital C
C. whereas the EU currently provides only 1 % of the raw materials for wind energy, less than 1 % of Li-batteries, less than 1 % of fuel cells, only 2 % of the raw materials relevant to robotics and only 1 % of silicon-based photovoltaic assemblies7 ;whereas there is a significant potential to flatten the demand for CRM imports through recycling, substitution and changing behavioural and consumption patterns; _________________ 7 Commission Foresight Study.
Amendment 35 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C a (new)
Recital C a (new)
Ca. whereas the CRM recycling sector has a significant job creation potential; whereas it is estimated that the traction battery recycling sector alone will create about 10 500 jobs alone by 2035 in the EU;
Amendment 38 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C b (new)
Recital C b (new)
Cb. whereas OECD report concludes that secondary non-ferrous metal processing tends to be more labour- intensive than primary;
Amendment 45 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
Recital D
D. whereas it is evident that new sourcing is required and that the potential of sourcing at highest sustainable standards by the EU and its neighbourhood should be fully and quickly exploitedexploited, focusing in particular on the benefits of circular and shared economy;
Amendment 65 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Considers that waste collection and product design for recyclability are ‘low hanging fruit’ strategies to increase CRM supply; notes that CRM substitution, while having its limits in product efficiency, is an inherent goal of industry because of high prices and dependencycan also help to address CRM sufficiency challenges;
Amendment 67 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
Amendment 73 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Warns that Europe’s transition to climate neutrality should not replace reliance on fossil fuels with reliance on raw materials and should not be used to justify unsustainable and socially unacceptable approaches to CRM sourcing;
Amendment 79 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3 a (new)
Paragraph 3 a (new)
3a. Emphasizes that the extraction of primary raw materials exacerbates biodiversity loss, contamination of air, soil and water and causes conflicts with local communities;
Amendment 81 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3 b (new)
Paragraph 3 b (new)
3b. Calls on the Commission to take a more objective approach to projecting future demand for CRMs, including a realistic assessment of the degree to which this demand is driven by green technologies vis-à-vis other sectors, as well as to frame these demand projections not only in relative, but also in absolute numbers in order to have the realistic picture of the scale of potential supply problems8a; _________________ 8aFor instance, future demand for battery materials only amounts to a fraction of current iron ore production
Amendment 86 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Calls on the Commission to review the criticality assessment methodology before 2023, ahead of the publication of the next list of CRMs paying utmost attention to environmental and human rights dimensions; and the potential of substitution;
Amendment 97 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
6. Asks the Commission to assess the implications of several low-carbogreen technologies competing for the same CRM;
Amendment 101 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7
Paragraph 7
7. Is concerned that recovery plans do not sufficiently tackle the challenges linked to sustainable CRM supply;
Amendment 105 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8
Paragraph 8
Amendment 119 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9
Paragraph 9
9. WelcomNotes the creation of the European Raw Materials Alliance (ERMA) and its current focus on the most critical CRMs, namely rare earth elements and magnets, since the market conditions are completely distorted and monopolised by China, and on quantitative domestic and non-Chinese sourcing targets to support long-term supply relationships for a huge range of small and large manufacturers in the EU; underlines its role as the world’s largest ‘certification process’ for environmentally assessed and feasible CRM projects; stresses nevertheless, that the engagement by ERMA with civil society and other stakeholders unconfined by business interests has often been inadequate, and calls for greater transparency and involvement of civil society, particularly in the early stages of goal-setting rather than presenting the civil society with fait accompli;
Amendment 128 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10
Paragraph 10
Amendment 136 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 12
Paragraph 12
12. Asks the Commission to diversify supply chains for both primary and secondary sources and calls for better transparency on information regarding supply chains;
Amendment 150 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13
Paragraph 13
13. Underlines the need to build secondary CRM markets in order to guarantee constant secondary CRM flows; notes that there is no one-size-fits-all approach; notes that the share of collected recyclable lithium-ion traction batteries is expected to grow markedly by the mid- 2030s, thus creating a significant secondary source of supply;
Amendment 155 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13 a (new)
Paragraph 13 a (new)
13a. Stresses that the secondary market should not be competing with the suppliers of primary materials and the viability of the secondary marked can be achieved through introduction of a mandatory recycled content quota in new products;
Amendment 156 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13 b (new)
Paragraph 13 b (new)
13b. Calls for introduction of very high recycling quotas for specific CRMs; calls for the introduction of material-specific recycling rates instead of recycling quotas based on the total weight of an application; stresses the need to improve the Design for Recyclability in all products containing CRMs in order to facilitate the recyclability of CRM components;
Amendment 167 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15
Paragraph 15
15. Notes that industrial CRM recycling processes still need massive investment in the collection and recovery infrastructure, in innovation and scaling of technologies, and in skills, while providing substantial job opportunities; that are projected to vastly increase in the coming decades;
Amendment 172 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15 a (new)
Paragraph 15 a (new)
15a. Calls for a meaningful EU support and funding for technological development of CRMs efficiency, substitution and recycling processes and closed material cycles;
Amendment 177 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17
Paragraph 17
17. Believes that substitution becomes very powercould be helpful where a CRM could be substituted by an abundant material, but has little benefit if the substitute itself is not more sustainable or is critical or might become so because of the substitution; recognises the importance of keeping the quality performance of the products and their economic viability; calls on the Commission to encourage and increase research and innovation on substitutes for CRMs in different applications;
Amendment 183 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 18
Paragraph 18
18. Notes that while smart product design, the reuse of materials, recycled sources and, substitution and changing behavioural and consumption patterns can significantly reduce primary demand, responsible and sustainable sourcing is needed when supply cannot be metcould be needed;
Amendment 188 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 18 a (new)
Paragraph 18 a (new)
18a. Believes that mining should be forbidden in or close to nature conservation areas such as Natura 2000 and Ramsar sites, other state-designated and supranational conservation areas (e.g. UNESCO world heritage sites) and that deep seas and the High North should be strictly protected as no-go areas for extractive industries;
Amendment 194 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 19
Paragraph 19
19. Highlights that sourcing in the EU ishould be subject to the highest environmental and social standards worldwide, provides thousands of highly qualified jobs and is an indispensable prerequisite of th; stresses, however, that green alternatives to mining should be greiven and digital transition; priority and calls therefore on all actors to help build public acceptance for responsible CRM sourcing projects in the EUsustainable solutions to the CRM supply challenges highlights the necessity to ensure that sourcing in the EU is subject to a democratic decision-making process and prior consultation with affected communities;
Amendment 202 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20
Paragraph 20
20. WelcomNotes the Commission’s plan to deploy Earth-observation programmes and remote sensing for resource exploration, operations and post-closure environmental management;
Amendment 209 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 21
Paragraph 21
21. Underlines the importance of maintaining and further developing expertise and skills in mining and processing technologies in the EUestablishing, developing and funding of research centres for identifying and advancing alternatives to mining in the EU and for building up relevant expertise and skills;
Amendment 211 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 21 a (new)
Paragraph 21 a (new)
21a. Calls for accurate in depth assessment of alternatives before EU subsidising to CRM mining and the potential for various industry sectors including job potential;
Amendment 214 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 22
Paragraph 22
22. Calls on the Member States to improve the timeliness, predictability and transparency of the authorisation processes for sourcing projects; stresses the need to improve public access to Environment and Social Impact Assessments, to provide comprehensive information about mining companies, including beneficial ownership and solvency, and to release all project-relevant data for the public;
Amendment 230 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24
Paragraph 24
24. Urges the Commission to systematically and strategically build new CRM partnerships and make this endeavour a horizontal task of its external and internal policies and to present the results in 2021; stresses that before embarking on new partnerships, partnerships for sustainable alternatives should be built, and urges the Commission to identify such partnerships and to present the results in 2021;
Amendment 235 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 25
Paragraph 25
25. Welcomes the EU’s commitment to responsible and sustainable sourcing based on IMRA standards, including human rights and due diligence, fair labour, community health and safety, waste and water management, air quality and greenhouse gas emissions; stresses the need to underpin this commitment with concrete technical support, institution building and political dialogue with partner countries; stresses the need to mobilise more state and private actors to also subscribe to and implement sustainability standards;
Amendment 239 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 26
Paragraph 26
Amendment 243 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 27
Paragraph 27