45 Amendments of Özlem DEMIREL related to 2020/2002(INI)
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1 a (new)
Citation 1 a (new)
- having regard to the OECD and Sahel and West Africa Club report 'The Geography of Conflict in North and West Africa' (14 Feb 2020),
Amendment 2 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1 b (new)
Citation 1 b (new)
- having regard to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute report 'Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2019' (April 2020),
Amendment 33 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas security is a precondition for development; whereas without development and poverty eradication, there will be no sustainable peace; whereas in order to ensure its securitywithout development and poverty eradication, there will be no sustainable peace in the Sahel region; whereas in order to ensure development and poverty eradication it is necessary to tackle the sources of poverty; whereas the primary sources of entrenched poverty in the region are climate change; unsustainable, exploitative and crushing repayment conditions on anid development, each country muand loans; punishing tariff regimes and the effects of having to compete on the global agricultural goods market against heave or acquire adequate capacities in all essential sectors, including security and defence and whereas this will not only stabilise that country, but will also enable it toily subsidised products from global North countries; the regressive reforms pushed by the World Bank on the agriculture sectors of these countries so they are forced to grow plantation crops for export and import food domestic use food from abroad; the exploitation of natural resources by foreign mining corporations and fossil fuel companies; the ongoing theft of trillions of dollars of tax revenue by global North countries, banks, and companies through the use of transfer mispricing and secrecy jurisdictions; whereas when these structural issues are addressed the work of improving governance can meaningfully progress and contribute constructively to peace, stability and crisis prevention in its region;
Amendment 43 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A a (new)
Recital A a (new)
A a. whereas according to new data from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute SIPRI Global military expenditure was 7.2 per cent higher in 2019 than it was in 2010 and the combined military expenditure of states in Africa grew by 1.5 per cent to an estimated $41.2 billion in 2019, the region's first spending increase for five years;
Amendment 46 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean in the east, Africa is struggling to contend with challenges, such as historical underdevelopment due to the legacies of colonialism, neo-liberal trade policies and economic reforms pushed on these countries by global North governments and major multilateral institutions such as the World Bank and the IMF, irregular tax flows into global North tax havens and secrecy jurisdictions, the corruption of global North companies who steal money from global South countries using trade misinvoicing and transfer mispricing, compounded by the destruction of the traditional agro-pastoral economy as a result of climate change for which the global North is responsible, population growth and deforestation; whereas another major challenge is the emergence of new forms of mafia economy, including human and drug trafficking and the uncontrolled export of gold deposits, which, combined with the abandonment, inefficiency and corruption of the administrations some of whom are being propped up by the French military, is producing a hybridisation between terrorist groups, traffickers and traditional community and regional conflicts, with the phenomenon of jihadist religious extremism appearing as a false response for the societies concerned;
Amendment 72 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
Recital C
C. whereas poverty and insecurity feed off each other and push young people to migrate to Europe in search of a better life, impoverishing states by depriving them of their best human resources;
Amendment 94 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E a (new)
Recital E a (new)
E a. whereas lasting peace can only be achieved through dialogue and conflict resolution, and never through military operations;
Amendment 103 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital G
Recital G
G. whereas after years of training, the above-mentioned EU missions have been hampered in their sustainability and effectiveness due to restricpeated failures to address long-lasting solutions ton their mandate, training programmes, and a lack of basic equipment, including weapons, ammunition and vehicl conflict with development initiatives that would focus on the gaps around social, economic and governance issues that are exploited by the rebels and extremists to gain a foothold and a following in areas where chronic underdevelopment has resulted in a lack of basic governance and public services structures;
Amendment 112 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H
Recital H
Amendment 124 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital I
Recital I
I. whereas neither the Somali army, nor the Malian army nor the Central African Armed Forces (FACA) have been able to contribute effectively to the fight against jihadists or hold and secure the ground cleared with the aid of friendly international forces, the result being that the local populations feel abandoned and fear being accused of collaborating with the government by the jihadists or the armed groups in the CAR once they return and reoccupy the space from which they were expelled;
Amendment 131 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital J
Recital J
J. whereas after years of involvement in the above-mentioned civil and military missions, the general situation has become worse and worse and a new and comprehensive strategy the; whereas it is clear from the historical record that military intervention always leads to a further explosion in violence, from Chad in 1969 to Libya in 2011, Operation Serval in 2013 and Operation Barkhane from 2014 to the present day, again and again these intensely violent interventions bring about a short period of lessened violence that returns with more force needs to be implementedlater on; whereas we have learned from this history that military interventions will always be counter-productive in the long-term, and that unless underlying structural issues around the dynamics of inequality, the unequal distribution of resources and power, and governance issues are addressed, there will never be lasting stability in the region;
Amendment 158 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital L a (new)
Recital L a (new)
L a. whereas many EU Member States do not meet the development cooperation objectives set;
Amendment 180 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 a (new)
Paragraph 1 a (new)
1 a. Calls for the promotion of a renewed relationship between the EU and the African continent based on solidarity, mutual respect and mutual benefit, adhering always to the principles of respect for international law, national sovereignty and equality between parties;
Amendment 182 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
Amendment 202 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. CRejects all calls for the revision of Article 3a(4)(b) and (c) of Regulation (EU) No 230/2014 in the light of the grave and profound degradation in the security conditions in the region and in order to fill any gaps in EU missions and projects with a view to supporting the capacity-building of partners in the security sector, including through funding for military spending and the provision of weapons, ammunition or lethal equipment, transport and training essential for improving the combat capability of African armed forces fighting against jihadism; supports the Joint Communication of the Comas a response to the degradation in the security conditions in the region or as a means to fill any gaps in EU missions and the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy of 28 April 2015 entitled ‘Capacity building in support of security and development – Enabling partners to prevent and manage crises’4 ; _________________ 4projects; JOIN(2015)0017.
Amendment 214 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
Amendment 225 #
5. Considers that there are no possible sustainabilityle and effectiveness of EU civilian and military missions in Africa have been hampered by the lack of basic equipment in the countries affectand that for there to be a possible lasting peace and stability in the region persistent underlying structural problems that primarily stem from global North economic and trade policies must be addressed and that it is therefore necessary:
Amendment 235 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 5 – point a
Paragraph 5 – point a
a) for the EU budget be large enough to effectively address the current challenges relating to training and military equipment (including weapons, munitions and transport)to work towards abolishing the debt burdens of developing countries in order to roll back the remote- control power that rich countries exercise over poor countries, and restore soverign control over economic policy at the national level;
Amendment 244 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 5 – point b
Paragraph 5 – point b
b) to adapt the APF in order to overcome the current limidemocratise the World Bank, the IMF and the WTO, and allow global South countries - who are the world's majority - to have a fair and equal representations o in the acquisition of arms and munitionsse institutions so they can have a real say in the formulation of policies that affect them;
Amendment 250 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
Amendment 256 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7
Paragraph 7
Amendment 261 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 a (new)
Paragraph 7 a (new)
7 a. Recalls article 208 of the TEFU that states that the Union shall take account of the objectives of development cooperation in the policies that it implements which are likely to affect developing countries;
Amendment 266 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8
Paragraph 8
8. AgreeRejects tohe apply to existing training programmesication of the same facilities for the procurement of military equipment, including weapons, as those currently provided for the deployment and training of the G5 Sahel force, including financial support if needed to existing training programmes;
Amendment 276 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10 – introductory part
Paragraph 10 – introductory part
10. Calls for the format of the EUTM Mali, EUTM CAR and EUTM Somalia training missions to be redefined to better adapt them to the real needs of the armed forces of the beneficiary countries by:in a direct that encompasses DDR programmes (Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration);
Amendment 279 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10 – point a
Paragraph 10 – point a
Amendment 287 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10 – point b
Paragraph 10 – point b
Amendment 292 #
Amendment 295 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10 – point d
Paragraph 10 – point d
d) ensuring that training corresponds to the operational reality, i.e. it should include mobility;eleted
Amendment 308 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 12
Paragraph 12
Amendment 321 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15
Paragraph 15
Amendment 330 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16
Paragraph 16
16. Believes that the African states have to take responsibility for fulfilling their sovereign duties in all areas cleared of jihadists, traffickers and bandits by providing basic services (administration, water and power supply, health, justice, education), even if some of these services should be temporarily provided by the army or security forces, until such time as the civil administration takes over;
Amendment 335 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17
Paragraph 17
Amendment 349 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 19
Paragraph 19
Amendment 361 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20
Paragraph 20
Amendment 370 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 21
Paragraph 21
21. Calls for the EU to pay particular attention to the spread of jihadism in areas such as the Indian Ocean and West Africa and to lend cooperation and establish untied aid programmes when requiredfor social and economic development, and start engaging with debt cancellation for these countries;
Amendment 384 #
22. States that there can be no security strategy without jointlong term security goals are dependant on addressing structural issues around debt burdens, illegal tax flows, regressive neoliberal reforms, and other issues that create inequality and stifle genuine development action;
Amendment 389 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 23
Paragraph 23
Amendment 399 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24
Paragraph 24
Amendment 435 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 25 – point d a (new)
Paragraph 25 – point d a (new)
d a) ensuring - through debt cancellation and stopping illicit tax flows - that countries have the financial freedom to give subsidies to their famers in order to allow infant agricultural businesses to grow strong enough to supply their own people and facilitate stronger inner-African trade in agricultural goods;
Amendment 452 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 26
Paragraph 26
26. Expresses its deep concern that the current security crisis in Africa could lead to a massive displacement of the population, undermining North African states and affecting Europe;
Amendment 476 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 28
Paragraph 28
28. Recommends that the EU, together with the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, intervenes on a financial level to help control debt and the payment of interestwork towards cancelling debt, suspend the payment of interest immediately, and immediately cancel all so called 'dictator debts' - debts racked up by heads of state with no democratic mandate;
Amendment 482 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 29
Paragraph 29
Amendment 486 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 29 a (new)
Paragraph 29 a (new)
29 a. Requests the immediate suspension of the repayment of the debt of global South countries (with interest freeze), requests the constitution of an audit of this and the cancellation of any illegitimate debt (that which did not benefit the populations) without entering the amounts cancelled in official developments assistance (ODA) to inflate it artificially; underlines the importance of reparation payments, in particular the ecological, economic and social debt which the global North countries owe towards the South;
Amendment 488 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 29 c (new)
Paragraph 29 c (new)
29 c. Calls for tax justice, in particular for a change to the WHO's customs invoicing standards which presently facilitate massive corruption and tax fraud by global North companies through trade misinvoicing and transfer mispricing;
Amendment 489 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 29 d (new)
Paragraph 29 d (new)