13 Amendments of Adam JARUBAS related to 2021/0210(COD)
Amendment 151 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 12
Recital 12
(12) Indirect land-use change occurs when the cultivation of crops for biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels displaces traditional production of crops for food and feed purposes. Such additional demand increases the pressure on land and can lead to the extension of agricultural land into areas with high-carbon stock, such as forests, wetlands and peatland, causing additional greenhouse gas emissions and loss of biodiversity. Research has shown that the scale of the effect depends on a variety of factors, including the type of feedstock used for fuel production, the level of additional demand for feedstock triggered by the use of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels, and the extent to which land with high-carbon stock is protected worldwide. The level of greenhouse gas emissions caused by indirect land-use change cannot be unequivocally determined with the level of precision required for the establishment of emission factors required by the application of this regulation. However, there is evidence that all fuels produced from feedstock cause indirect land-use change to various degrees. In addition to the greenhouse gas emissions linked to indirect land-use change – which is capable of negating some or all greenhouse gas emissions savings of individual biofuels, bioliquids or biomass fuels – indirect land-use change poses risks to biodiversity. This risk is particularly serious in connection with a potentially large expansion of production determined by a significant increase in demand. Accordingly, no feed and food crop-based fuels should be promoted. Directive (EU) 2018/2001 already limits and sets a cap on the contribution of such biofuels, bioliquids and biomass to the GHG emissions savings targets in the road and rail transport sector considering their lower environmental benefits, lower performance in terms of greenhouse reduction potential and broader sustainability concerns.
Amendment 157 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 13
Recital 13
(13) However, this approach must be stricter in the maritime sector. The maritime sector has currently insignificant levels of demand for food and feed crops- based biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels, since over 99% of currently used marine fuels are of fossil origin. Therefore, the non-eligiuse of biofuels, biolity of food and feed crop- basedquids and biomass fuels under this Regulation alsomust minimises any risk to slow down the decarbonisation of the transport sector, which could otherwise result from a shift of crop-based biofuels from the road to the maritime sector. It is essential to minimise such a shift, as road transport currently remains by far the most polluting transport sector and the maritime transport currently uses predominanatly fuels of fossil origin. It is therefore appropriate to avoid the creation of a potentially large demand of food and feed crops-basedunsustainable biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels by promoting their use under this Regulation. Accordingly, the additional greenhouse gas emissions and loss of biodiversity caused by all types of feed and food crop-based fuels require that these fuels be considered to have the same emission f, and ensure that the maritime industry only uses biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels that comply with the sustainability criteria and greenhouse gas saving criteria set out in Article 29 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001. Accordingly, the additional greenhouse gas emissions and loss of biodiversity caused by all types of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels require that the greenhouse gas emission factors of these fuels shall be determined actcors as the least favourable pathwayding to the methodologies set out in Directive (EU) 2018/2001.
Amendment 164 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 15
Recital 15
(15) This Regulation should establish the methodology and the formula that should apply to calculate the yearly average greenhouse gas intensity of the energy used on-board by a ship. This formula should be based on the fuel consumption reported by ships and consider the relevant emission factors of these fuels. The use of substitute sources of energy, such as wind or electricity, and any associated emissions, should also be reflected in the methodology.
Amendment 167 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 17
Recital 17
(17) The well-to-wake performance of all renewable and low-carbon maritime fuels should be established using default or actual and certified emission factors covering the well-to-tank and tank-to-wake emissions. The performance of fossil fuels should however only be assessed through the use of default emission factors as provided for by this Regulation.
Amendment 174 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 21
Recital 21
(21) The use of on-shore power supply (OPS) abates air pollution produced by ships as well asnd can reduces the amount of GHG emissions generated by maritime transport. OPS represents an increasingly clean power supply available to ships at berth, in view of the growing renewables share in the EU electricity mix. While only the provision on OPS connection points is covered by Directive 2014/94/EU (Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Directive – AFID), the demand for and, as a result, the deployment of this technology has remained limited. Therefore specific rules should be established to mandate the use of OPS by the most polluting ships, where, after accounting for the GHG emissions associated with electricity production, the use of OPS leads to a lowering of overall emissions.
Amendment 179 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 23
Recital 23
(23) Exceptions to the use of OPS should also be provided for a number of objective reasons, certified by the managing body of the port of call and limited to unscheduled port calls for reasons of safety or saving life at sea, for short stays of ships at berth of less than two hours as this is the minimum time required for connection, for longer stays of ships at berth in a port where use of OPS will lead to an overall increase in emissions of greenhouse gases and pollutants, and for the use of on-board energy generation under emergency situations.
Amendment 192 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 30
Recital 30
(30) The Commission should establish and ensure the functioning of an electronic database that registers the performance of each ship and, ensures its compliance with this Regulation, and records journey lengths and times for the purposes of monitoring for the risk and occurrence of carbon leakage. In order to facilitate reporting and limit administrative burden to companies, verifiers and other users, this electronic database should build upon the existing THETIS-MRV module and take into account the possibility to reuse information and data collected for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2015/757.
Amendment 352 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 1 – point c
Article 9 – paragraph 1 – point c
(c) biofuels and biogas that do not comply with point (a) or that are produced from food and feed crops shall be considered to have the same emission factors as the least favourable fossil fuel pathway for this type of fuel;
Amendment 439 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 28 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 28 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. The Commission shall present a preliminary report assessing the effectiveness and shortcomings of the Regulation to the European Parliament and the Council no more than five years after the coming into force of the Regulation. The Commission shall report to the European Parliament and the Council, by 1 January 2030, the results of an detailed and comprehensive evaluation on the functioning of this Regulation and the evolution of the technologies and market for renewable and low-carbon fuels in maritime transport and its impact on the maritime sector in the Union, including the risk and occurrence of carbon leakage arising from the implementation of the Regulation. The Commission shall consider possible amendments to:
Amendment 460 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
Annex I – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
Amendment 465 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex II – paragraph 2
Annex II – paragraph 2
The emissions factors of all biofuels, biogas, renewable fuels of non-biological origin and recycled carbon fuels shall be determined according to the methodologies set out in Annex 5 part C of Directive (EU) 2018/2001.
Amendment 470 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex II – paragraph 11
Annex II – paragraph 11
Column 7 contains the emission factor Cf for methane in [gCH4/gfuel]. Default values as contained in the table shall be used. Values certified by mean of testing can be used in place of the default values. For LNG fuels Cf for methane armay be set to zero if the value for amount of fuel lost as fugitive emissions (Cslip) accurately accounts for all methane emissions.
Amendment 484 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex II – Table 1 – Default factors
Annex II – Table 1 – Default factors