17 Amendments of Markéta GREGOROVÁ related to 2020/2256(INI)
Amendment 11 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas the EU and its Member States must further strengthen cyber resilience and develop common and robust cyber security and defencedevelop a cyber security strategy which sets realistic, precise, and ambitious objectives, and defines policies in a clear manner in both, the military and civilian domain, and also in the area where both sectors overlap; whereas all EU institutions and EU Member States have to work more in common at all levels to build that strategy, whose main objective should be to further strengthen resilience, and as a consequence, develop common, but also better national, robust civilian and military cyber capabilities in order to respond to lasting security challenges;
Amendment 24 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
Recital D
D. whereas the European External Action Service (EEAS), the European Commission and European Defence Agency (EDA) should support Member States in stepping up their efforts to deliver better national and common military cyber defence capabilities and technologies, addressing all aspects of capability development, including doctrine, leadership, organisation, personnel, training, industry, technology, infrastructure, logistics and interoperability;
Amendment 30 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
Recital E
E. whereas EU Cyber Defence Policy Framework updated in 2018 identified priorities, including the development of military cyber defence capabilities, as well as the protection of the Common Security and Defence Policy’s (CSDP) communication and information networks, as regards CSDP organisational structures, but also ad hoc structures in the field where civilian and military CSDP missions and operations are deployed;
Amendment 32 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
Recital F
F. whereas the increasing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into all defence forces’ offensive cyber capabilities (military capabilities (the so called system behind most weapons systems, which is sensors collecting data, and algorithms processing and analysing that data, cyber- physical systems, including the communication and data links between vehicles in a networked system) may lead to vulnerabilities to conventional and electronic warfare attacks such as jamming, spoofing or hacking, which could block or weaken legitimate military action;
Amendment 54 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading 1
Subheading 1
The state of EU cooperation on military and civilian cyber defence capabilities
Amendment 56 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Underlines that a common cyber defence policy and a substantial cyber defenceEU level cooperation on generating common and also better national military cyber capabilityies are core elements for the development of the Europestrengthening of an effective Common Security and Defence Union; stresses the urgent need to strengthen EUPolicy and overall resilience of the Union; stresses the urgent need to develop and strengthen both, common and the Member State military cyber defence capabilities;
Amendment 71 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Stresses that the review of the Cyber Defence Policy Framework (CDPF) should first of all highlight the existing gaps and vulnerabilities as regards EU and national military structures; stresses the need to enhance coordination between EU actors, notably the EEAS, the EU Military Staff, the European Commission, the European Defence Agency (EDA), between and with Member States, as well as with the European Parliament, in order to ensure the updated CDPF achieves the EU’s cyber defence objectives;
Amendment 79 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Calls on the EEAS to further develop a coherent IT security policy to strengthenand to first of all strengthen resilience, but also military cyber defence coordination; urges a cooperation strategy with the EU’s civilian Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERT-EU) to protect networks used by all EU institutions; calls on the European Parliament to ensure its participation in CERT-EU results to ensured a level of IT security that will allow it to receive all the necessary classified and non-classified information to carry out its responsibilities under the Treaties, including as a result of the current process to replace the 2002 Inter- Institutional Agreement on access to information in the area of security and defence;
Amendment 100 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8
Paragraph 8
8. Notes that the European Defence Fund (EDF), will alsomay support strengthening resilience, and improve preparedness, responsiveness and cooperation in the cyber domain provided such a priority will be decided when negotiating relevant EDF work programmes;
Amendment 116 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11
Paragraph 11
11. Welcomes the Council’s June 2019 framework Decision of 14 May 2019 concerning restrictive measures against cyber-attacks threatening the Union or its Member States, which allows targeted restrictive measures to deter and respond to cyber- attacks that constitute a threat to the EU or its Member States, including cyber- attacks against third countries or international organisations; welcomes the imposition of such restrictive measures in July 2020 and October 2020 as a credible step in strengthening the EU’s cyber diplomacy toolbox;
Amendment 130 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13
Paragraph 13
13. Notes thatUnderlines the need for the HR/VP and the Member States to use the Strategic Compass willprocess to enhance and guide the implementation of the EU’s level of ambition in security and defence, and translate that ambition into better common and national capability needies, including in military cyber defence, thereby increasing the ability of the EU and Member States to prevent, discourage, deter, respond to and recover from malicious cyber activities by strengthening its posture, situational awareness, tools, procedures and partnerships;
Amendment 146 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15
Paragraph 15
15. Stresses that fragmentation is accompanied by serious concerns over resources and staff at the EU levelnational and EU level, both in terms of quantity and quality; urges the VP/HR and/or the Member States to increase financial and personnel resources, and their training, in particular experts in cyberforensics because the individuals and organisations behind many cyber attacks cannot be identified within short time frames, which causes majors problems as regards the organisation of adequate political, civilian and military responses; calls for further funding for CERT-EU and the creation of an EU security operations centre;
Amendment 157 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16
Paragraph 16
16. Recalls that cyber defence has both military and civilian dimensions; stresses the need to first analyse and discuss problems of cooperation, coordination, but also gaps as regards human and technical resources both at national and EU level; calls on the VP/HR, therefore, to develop an integrated policy approach and close cooperation between the Military CERT- Network and CERT-EU;
Amendment 177 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 18
Paragraph 18
18. Recalls that improving cyber defence capabilities also requires civilian network and information security expertise; welcomestakes note of the proposed revision of the Directive on security of network and information systems (NIS) and of current EU law, seeking to protect critical infrastructures, enhance supply chain security and the inclusion of regulated actors in the digital ecosystem, and refers to the relevant SEDE opinions on both proposals;
Amendment 201 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 21
Paragraph 21
21. Calls for enhanced mutual operational assistance between Member States in particular in the event of major cyber attacks such as the one on Estonia in 2007; strongly emphasises the importance of further exercises and scenario-based policy discussions on crisis management, including on the mutual assistance clause (Article 42(7) of the TEU) in a hypothetical cyber attack scenario; calls for increased coordination with NATO in this matter through participation in cyber exercises and joint training, such as the parallel and coordinated exercises (PACE); calls for such initiatives to strengthen the common understanding on the implementation procedures for mutual assistance and/or solidarity in line with Article 42(7) of the TEU and Article 222 of the TFEU, including with a specific objective of operationalising these procedures for cyber-attacks on the EU institutions or Member States;
Amendment 211 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 22
Paragraph 22
22. Considers that EU-NATO cyber cooperation is crucial, as it enables strong formal attribution and thus the imposition of restrictive sanctions; notes that in general, functioning deterrence would be achieved if adversaries were aware of the catalogue of possible credible countermeasures, and their proportionality and appropriateness, their compliance with international law, in particular the UN Chater (based on the severity, scale, and target of the cyber- attacks);
Amendment 244 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 25
Paragraph 25
25. Calls for closer coordination on cyber defence between Member States, the EU institutions, NATO, the United States and other strategic partners; underlines the urgent need for implementing the widely- recognised international normative framework for responsible state behaviour in cyberspace within the UN contexte;