7 Amendments of Thierry MARIANI related to 2022/2057(INI)
Amendment 8 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas every human being has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; whereas this right includes the freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any medium and regardless of borders; whereas democracies can only function when citizens have access to independent information; whereas media freedom and pluralism are crucial components of the right to freedom of expression and information; whereas key democratic tasks of the media include strengthening transparency and democratic accountability; whereas journalists play an essential, as the Court of Justice of the European Union has ruled, this freedom applies not only to information or ideas which are favourably received or regarded as inoffensive or as a matter of indifference, but also to those which offend, shock or disturb; whereas the media cannot thus be required to play a role in the promoting democratic values, human rights and fundamental freedomson of any given political ideas or values, since such a role, especially if supported by the public authorities, would in reality be tantamount to propaganda work, which would be contrary to the freedom and plurality of public debate;
Amendment 59 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital K a (new)
Recital K a (new)
Ka. whereas there is a conceptual difficulty surrounding the notion of the 'truth' of a fact, in particular because of the various perspectives and consequences in which a fact can be grasped and the various meanings or interpretations that can be attached to it without however making it untruthful or misleading;
Amendment 65 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital N
Recital N
N. whereas according to the Commission, political journalism is particularly at risk, as social shocks or crises often serve as instigators for government measures to constrain media freedom, pluralism and independence; whereas the notions of 'misinformation' and 'disinformation' are used to support, even when at adds with the truth, the logic behind crackdowns against professional or citizen journalists who challenge the political thinking or action of an authority;
Amendment 85 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital U
Recital U
U. whereas the spread of misinformation, fake news, propaganda and disinformation, notions that are by their nature complex to define and subject to acts of political instrumentalisation, creates a climate of global scepticism among the population with regard to information in general, which exposes journalists to distrust and poses a threat to freedom of information, democratic debate and the independence of the media, and has increased the need for high-quality media sources;
Amendment 92 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Underlines that every human being has the right to freedom of opinion and expression and that this right includes the freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any medium and regardless of borders; recalls the essential role thatat this freedom applies not only to information or ideas which are favourably received or regarded as inoffensive or as a matter of indifference, but also to those which offend, shock or disturb; takes the view, therefore, that affording journalists playa role in promoting democratic values, human rights and fundamental freedomsany given political ideas or values would undermine this freedom by letting the public authorities determine which opinions are valid and which are worthy of censure;
Amendment 101 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Recalls the essential role played by political and investigative journalists in fighting against human rights violations by performing their role as watchdogs for democracy and the rule of lawcontributing to public political debate through the collection of reliable and relevant information, thereby exposing state repression, corruption, criminal networks and all kind of human rights abuses, which ensures the necessary checks and balances to hold persons in power to account; highlights the fact that these activities put journalists at increased personal risk; strongly rejects any attempt to entrust journalists with any 'mission' as 'guardians' of any given political views, which would destroy the plurality of public debate in a given field;
Amendment 137 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8 a (new)
Paragraph 8 a (new)
8a. Underlines the conceptual difficulties associated with the notions of the 'objectivity' or 'truth' of facts, which can be seen from various perspectives and to different extents, and can be interpreted differently depending on the intellectual context in which they are placed; stresses the need to exercise extreme caution when legislating on issues such as disinformation or the manipulation of facts with a view to ensuring that such legislation cannot become an instrument with which to restrict political expression;