174 Amendments of Dan-Ştefan MOTREANU related to 2022/0195(COD)
Amendment 154 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 8
Recital 8
(8) In its resolution of 9 June 202149 , the European Parliament strongly welcomed the commitment to draw up a legislative proposal with binding nature restoration targets, called for a restoration target of at least 30% of the EU’s land and seas, and furthermore considered that in addition to an overall restoration target, ecosystem-, habitat- and species-specific restoration targets should be included, covering forests, grasslands, wetlands, peatlands, pollinators, free- flowing rivers, coastal areas and marine ecosystems. _________________ 49 European Parliament resolution of 9 June 2021 on the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030: Bringing nature back into our lives (2020/2273(INI)).
Amendment 180 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 15
Recital 15
(15) Securing biodiverse ecosystems and tackling climate change are intrinsically linked. Nature and nature-based solutions, and ecosystems-based approaches, including natural carbon stocks and sinks, are fundamental for fighting the climate crisis. At the same time, the climate crisis is already a driver of terrestrial and marine ecosystem change, and the Union must prepare for the increasing intensity, frequency and pervasiveness of its effects. The Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)55 on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C pointed out that some impacts may be long-lasting or irreversible. The Sixth IPCC Assessment Report56 states that restoring ecosystems will be fundamental in helping to combat climate change and also in reducing risks to food security. The Intergovernmental Science- Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) in its 2019 Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services57 considered climate change a key driver of change in nature, and it expected its impacts to increase over the coming decades, in some cases surpassing the impact of other drivers of ecosystem change such as changed land and sea use. _________________ 55 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty [Masson- Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, H.-O. Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P.R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J.B.R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M.I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor, and T. Waterfield (eds.)] https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/ 56 Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability | Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability (ipcc.ch). 57 IPBES (2019): Global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. E. S. Brondizio, J. Settele, S. Díaz, and H. T. Ngo (editors). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. 1148 pages. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3831673.
Amendment 193 #
Proposal for a regulation
Title 1
Title 1
Proposal for a REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL on nature restoration and development (Text with EEA relevance)
Amendment 198 #
(1) IAs Europe continues to lose biodiversity at an alarming rate despite existing efforts, voluntary commitments and previous objectives such as the voluntary target to restore at least 15% of degraded ecosystems by 2020 in line with Aichi Target 15 of the Convention on Biological Diversity, it is necessary to lay down rules at Union level on the restoration of ecosystems to ensure the recovery to biodiverse and resilient nature across the Union territory. Restoring ecosystems also contributes to the Union climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation objectives.
Amendment 203 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 1
Recital 1
(1) It is necessary to lay down rules at Union level on the restoration of ecosystems to ensure the recovery and development to biodiverse and resilient nature across the Union territory. Restoring ecosystems also contributes to the Union climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation objectives.
Amendment 208 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 2
Recital 2
(2) The European Green Deal43 has set out an ambitious roadmap to transform the Union into a fair and prosperous society, with a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy, aiming to protect, conserve and enhance the Union’s natural capital, and to protect the health and well- being of citizens from environment-related risks and impacts. The EU’s goals are to ensure food security in the face of climate change and biodiversity loss. As part of the European Green Deal, the Commission has adopted an EU Biodiversity Strategy for 203044 .source: https://commission.europa.eu/strategy- and-policy/priorities-2019- 2024/european-green-deal/agriculture- and-green-deal_en _________________ 43 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, The European Green Deal, 11.12.2019 (COM (2019) 640 final). 44 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, Bringing nature back into our lives, 20.5.2020, COM(2020) 380 final.
Amendment 212 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 25
Recital 25
(25) Building on Directives 92/43/EEC and 2009/147/EC and in order to support the achievement of the objectives set out in those Directives, Member States should put in place restoration measures to ensure the recovery of protected habitats and species, including wild birds, across Union areas, also in areas that fall outsidefocusing primarily on Natura 2000.
Amendment 221 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 8
Recital 8
(8) In its resolution of 9 June 202149 , the European Parliament strongly welcomed the commitment to draw up a legislative proposal with binding nature restoration targets, called for a restoration target of at least 30% of the EU’s land and seas, and furthermore considered that in addition to an overall restoration target, ecosystem-, habitat- and species-specific restoration targets should be included, covering forests, grasslands, wetlands, peatlands, pollinators, free- flowing rivers, coastal areas and marine ecosystems. _________________ 49 European Parliament resolution of 9 June 2021 on the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030: Bringing nature back into our lives (2020/2273(INI)).
Amendment 228 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10
Recital 10
(10) The EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 sets out a commitment to legally protect a minimum of 30 % of the land, including inland waters, and 30 % of the sea in the Union, of which at least one third should be under strict protection, including all remaining primary and old- growth forests. The criteria and guidance for the designation of additional protected areas by Member States51 (the ‘Criteria and guidance’), developed by the Commission in cooperation with Member States and stakeholders, highlight that if the restored areas comply or are expected to comply, once restoration produces its full effect, with the criteria for protected areas, those restored areas should also contribute towards the Union targets on protected areas. The Criteria and guidance also highlight that protected areas can provide an important contribution to the restoration targets in the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, by creating the conditions for restoration efforts to be successful. This is particularly the case for areas which can recover naturally by stopping or limiting some of the pressures from human activities. Placing such areas, including in the marine environment, under strict protection, will, in some cases, be sufficient to lead to the recovery of the natural values they host. Moreover, it is emphasised in the Criteria and guidance that all Member States are expected to contribute towards reaching the Union targets on protected areas set out in the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, to an extent that is proportionate to the natural values they host and to the potential they have for nature restoration. _________________ 51 Commission Staff Working Document Criteria and guidance for protected areas designations (SWD(2022) 23 final).
Amendment 230 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10
Recital 10
(10) The EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 sets out a commitment to legally protect a minimum of 30 % of the land, including inland waters, and 30 % of the sea in the Union, of which at least one third4 % should be under strict protection, including all remaining primary and old- growth forests. The criteria and guidance for the designation of additional protected areas by Member States51 (the ‘Criteria and guidance’), developed by the Commission in cooperation with Member States and stakeholders, highlight that if the restored areas comply or are expected to comply, once restoration produces its full effect, with the criteria for protected areas, those restored areas should also contribute towards the Union targets on protected areas. The Criteria and guidance also highlight that protected areas can provide an important contribution to the restoration targets in the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, by creating the conditions for restoration efforts to be successful. This is particularly the case for areas which can recover naturally by stopping or limiting some of the pressures from human activities. Placing such areas, including in the marine environment, under strict protection, will, in some cases, be sufficient to lead to the recovery of the natural values they host. Moreover, it is emphasised in the Criteria and guidance that all Member States are expected to contribute towards reaching the Union targets on protected areas set out in the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, to an extent that is proportionate to the natural values they host and to the potential they have for nature restoration. _________________ 51 Commission Staff Working Document Criteria and guidance for protected areas designations (SWD(2022) 23 final).
Amendment 242 #
(13) It is appropriate to set an overarching objective for ecosystem restoration to foster economic and societal transformation, the creation of high-quality jobs and sustainable growth. Biodiverse ecosystems such as wetland, freshwater, forest as well as agricultural, sparsely vegetated, marine, coastal and urban ecosystems deliver, if in good condition, a range of essential ecosystem services, and the benefits of restoring degraded ecosystems to good condition and the sustainable agricultural activity and forest management in all land and sea areas far outweigh the costs of restoration. Those services contribute to a broad range of socio-economic benefits, depending on the economic, social, cultural, regional and local characteristics.
Amendment 248 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 13 a (new)
Recital 13 a (new)
(13a) Member States should cooperate bilaterally and within regional and sub- regional cooperation mechanisms to protect biodiverse ecosystems especially if the ecosystems extend beyond the borders (cross border management). When ecosystems extend the borders of a Member State, national restoration and development plans should be extended to common regional restoration or development plans.
Amendment 248 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 43
Recital 43
(43) Urban ecosystems represent around 22 % of the land surface of the Union, and constitute the area in which a majority of the citizens of the Union live. Urban green spaces include urban forests, parks and gardens, urban farms, tree-lined streets, urban meadows and urban hedges, and provide important habitats for biodiversity, in particular plants, birds and insects, including pollinators. They also provide vital ecosystem services, including natural disaster risk reduction and control (e.g. floods, heat island effects), cooling, recreation, water and air filtration, as well as climate change mitigation and adaptation, as well as cultural services (e.g. benefits for recreation, tourism, urban landscape and visual amenity) and resulting impacts on mental health and wellbeing.
Amendment 249 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 14
Recital 14
(14) The United Nations Statistical Commission adopted the System of Environmental Economic Accounting - Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EA)54 at its 52nd session in March 2021. SEEA EA constitutes an integrated and comprehensive statistical framework for organising data about habitats and landscapes, measuring the extent, condition and services of ecosystems, tracking changes in ecosystem assets, and linking this information to economic and other human activity. A reference to food security should be considered and included. _________________ 54 https://seea.un.org/sites/seea.un.org/files/d ocuments/EA/seea_ea_white_cover_final.p df.
Amendment 253 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 15
Recital 15
(15) Securing biodiverse ecosystems and tackling climate change are intrinsically linked. Nature and nature-based solutions, and ecosystems-based approaches, including natural carbon stocks and sinks, are fundamental for fighting the climate crisis. At the same time, the climate crisis is already a driver of terrestrial and marine ecosystem change, and the Union must prepare for the increasing intensity, frequency and pervasiveness of its effects. The Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)55 on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C pointed out that some impacts may be long-lasting or irreversible. The Sixth IPCC Assessment Report56 states that restoring ecosystems will be fundamental in helping to combat climate change and also in reducing risks to food security. The Intergovernmental Science- Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) in its 2019 Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services57 considered climate change a key driver of change in nature, and it expected its impacts to increase over the coming decades, in some cases surpassing the impact of other drivers of ecosystem change such as changed land and sea use. _________________ 55 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty [Masson- Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, H.-O. Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P.R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J.B.R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M.I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor, and T. Waterfield (eds.)] https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/ 56 Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability | Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability (ipcc.ch). 57 IPBES (2019): Global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. E. S. Brondizio, J. Settele, S. Díaz, and H. T. Ngo (editors). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. 1148 pages. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3831673.
Amendment 257 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 15 a (new)
Recital 15 a (new)
(15a) Living nature plays an important role in many climate-relevant processes (e.g. binding and release of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, water cycle, absorption of solar radiation). Changes in the biosphere therefore always have consequences for the climate system. At the same time climate change has both direct and indirect effects on nature, which should be taken into account to protect biodiversity. The geographical distribution of animal and plant species on Earth is determined to a large extent by climate. Changes in temperature and precipitation and in the frequency of extreme events have a direct influence on the annual rhythm, behaviour, reproduction, competitiveness and feeding relationships of species, competitive ability and feeding relationships of species. This can lead to major shifts in their distribution areas and in the species composition and structure of entire ecosystems. Indirect impacts on biodiversity arise from human responses to climate change, whether through adaptation of land use patterns, measures to protect populations from extreme events, or measures to reduce atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. The changes can be profound and affect large areas. Depending on how they are shaped, they can have positive and/or negative consequences for nature conservation.
Amendment 263 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 18
Recital 18
(18) Union climate policy is being revised in order to follow the pathway proposed in Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 to reduce net emissions by at least 55 % by 2030 compared to 1990. In particular, the proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) 2018/841 and (EU) 2018/199961 aims to strengthen the contribution of the land sector to the overall climate ambition for 2030 and aligns the objectives as regards accounting of emissions and removals from the land use, land use change and forestry (‘LULUCF’) sector with related policy initiatives on biodiversity. That proposal emphasises the need for the protection and enhancement of nature-based carbon removals, for the improvement of the resilience of ecosystems to climate change, for the restoration of degraded land and ecosystems, and for rewetting peatlands. It further aims to improve the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals ofrom land subject to protection and restoration. In this context, it is important that ecosystems in all land categories, including forests, grasslands, croplands and wetlands, are in good condition, which corresponds to the climatic regions, in order to be able to effectively capture and store carbon. _________________ 61 Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) 2018/841 as regards the scope, simplifying the compliance rules, setting out the targets of the Member States for 2030 and committing to the collective achievement of climate neutrality by 2035 in the land use, forestry and agriculture sector, and (EU) 2018/1999 as regards improvement in monitoring, reporting, tracking of progress and review (COM/2021/554 final).
Amendment 273 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 20
Recital 20
(20) In the final report of the Conference on the Future of Europe, citizens call on the Union to protect and restore biodiversity, the landscape and oceans, eliminate pollution and to foster knowledge, awareness, education, and dialogues on environment, climate change, energy use, and sustainability while at the same time ensuring food security.63 _________________ 63 Conference on the Future of Europe – Report on the Final Outcome, May 2022, Proposal 2 (1, 4, 5) p. 44, Proposal 6 (6) p. 48.
Amendment 280 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 22
Recital 22
(22) Soils are an integral part of terrestrial ecosystems. The Commission’s 2021 Communication ‘EU Soil Strategy for 2030’64 outlines the need to restore degraded soils and enhance soil biodiversity. The interests of landowners and land managers should be adequately taken into account. _________________ 64 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. EU Soil Strategy for 2030 Reaping the benefits of healthy soils for people, food, nature and climate (COM/2021/699 final).
Amendment 285 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 51
Recital 51
(51) Since farmland birds are well- known and widely recognised key indicators of the health of agricultural ecosystems, it is appropriate to set targets for their recovery. The obligation to achieve such targets would apply to Member States, not to individual farmers. Member States should achieve those targets by putting in place effective restoration measures on farmland, working with and supportincentivising farmers, and osupporting ther stakeholders for their design and implementation on the ground.
Amendment 287 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 24
Recital 24
(24) A framework and guidance67 already exist to determine good condition of habitat types protected under Directive 92/43/EEC and to determine sufficient quality and quantity of the habitats of species falling within the scope of that Directive. Restoration targets for those habitat types and habitats of species can be set based on that framework and guidance. However, such restoration will not be enough to reverse biodiversity loss and recover all ecosystems. Therefore, additional obligationproduction-integrated commitments should be established based on specific indicators in order to enhance biodiversity at the scale of wider ecosystems while at the same time guaranteeing food security. _________________ 67 DG Environment. 2017, “Reporting under Article 17 of the Habitats Directive: Explanatory notes and guidelines for the period 2013-2018” and DG Environment 2013, “Interpretation manual of European Union habitats Eur 28”.
Amendment 292 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 25
Recital 25
(25) Building on Directives 92/43/EEC and 2009/147/EC and in order to support the achievement of the objectives set out in those Directives, Member States should put in place restoration measures to ensure the recovery of protected habitats and species, including wild birds, across Union areas, also in areas that fall outside Natura 2000.
Amendment 300 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 27
Recital 27
(27) Deadlines should therefore be established for putting in place restoration measures within and beyond Natura 2000 sites, in order to gradually improve the condition of protected habitat types across the Union as well as to re-establish them until the favourable reference area needed to achieve favourable conservation status of those habitat types in the Union is reached. In order to give the necessary flexibility to Member States to put in place large scale restoration efforts, it is appropriate to group habitat types according to the ecosystem to which they belong and set the time-bound and quantified area-based targets for groups of habitat types. This will allow Member States to choose which habitats to restore first within the group.
Amendment 303 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 28
Recital 28
(28) Similar requirements should be set for the habitats of species that fall within the scope of Directive 92/43/EEC and habitats of wild birds that fall within the scope of Directive 2009/147/EC, having special regard to the connectivity needed between both of those habitats in order for the species populations to thrive. Thereby intra-specific interactions that occur between individuals of the same species and inter-specific interactions that occur between two or more species need to be examined and taken into account.
Amendment 310 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 31
Recital 31
(31) In order to ensure that the restoration and development measures are efficient and that their results can be measured over time, it is essential that the areas that are subject to such restoration and development measures, with a view to improving the condition of habitats that fall within the scope of Annex I to Directive 92/43/EEC, to re-establish those habitats and to improve their connectivity, show a continuous improvement until good condition is reached. To measure the efficiency of the restoration and development measures, EU-wide common standards should apply.
Amendment 312 #
(31a) Successful habitat restoration requires understanding species life cycles and interactions, and the food, water, nutrients, space, and shelter that is necessary to sustain species populations. In some areas, restoration may not succeed in re-establishing the full assemblage of native species or the full extent of the original ecosystem’s structure and function due to environmental conditions such as climate change. In these cases, new ecosystems and habitats need to be developed.
Amendment 314 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 56
Recital 56
(56) The new EU Forest Strategy for 203081 outlined the need to restore forest biodiversity. Forests and other wooded land cover over 43,5 % of the EU’s land space. Forest ecosystems that host rich biodiversity are vulnerable to climate change but are also a natural ally in adapting to and fighting climate change and climate-related risks, including through their carbon-stock and carbon-sink functions, and provide many other vital ecosystem services and benefits, such as the provision of timber and wood, food and other non-wood forest products, climate regulation, soil stabilisation and erosion control and the purification of air and water. Forests also have positive effects on physical and mental health and wellbeing, and forests with a high biodiversity are in particular attractive for tourists. _________________ 81 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. New EU Forest Strategy for 2030 (COM/2021/572 final).
Amendment 328 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 61
Recital 61
(61) Considering the importance of addressing consistently the dual challenges of biodiversity loss and climate change, the restoration of biodiversity should take into account the deployment of renewable energy and vice versa. The Communication on REPowerEU: Joint European Action for more affordable, secure and sustainable energy87 states that Member States should swiftly map, assess and ensure suitable land and sea areas that are available for renewable energy projects, commensurate with their national energy and climate plans, the contributions towards the revised 2030 renewable energy target and other factors such as the availability of resources, grid infrastructure and the targets of the EU Biodiversity Strategy. The Commission proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive (EU) 2018/2001 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings and Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency88 and the Commission recommendation on accelerating permitting for renewable energy projects and facilitating Power Purchase Agreements89 , both adopted on 18 May 2022, also provide for the identification of renewables go-to areas. Those are specific locations, whether on land or sea, particularly suitable for the installation of plants for the production of energy from renewable sources, other than biomass combustion plants, where the deployment of a specific type of renewable energy is not expected to have significant environmental impacts, in view of the particularities of the selected territory. Member States should give priority to artificial and built surfaces, such as rooftops, transport infrastructure areas, parking areas, waste sites, industrial sites, mines, artificial inland water bodies, lakes or reservoirs, and, where appropriate, urban waste water treatment sites, as well as degraded land not usable for agriculture. In the designation of renewables go-to areas, Member States should avoid protected areas and (highly) fertile soils, and consider their national nature restoration plans. Member States should coordinate the development of national restoration plans with the designation of the renewables go-to areas. During the preparation of the nature restoration plans, Member States should ensure synergies with the already designated renewables go- to areas and ensure that the functioning of the renewables go-to areas, including the permitting procedures applicable in the renewables go-to areas foreseen by Directive (EU) 2018/2001, remain unchanged. _________________ 87 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions REPowerEU: Joint European Action for more affordable, secure and sustainable energy (COM/2022/108 final). 88 Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive (EU) 2018/2001 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings and Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency, COM/2022/222 final. 89 Commission recommendation on speeding up permit-granting procedures for renewable energy projects and facilitating Power Purchase Agreements, C(2022) 3219 final.
Amendment 337 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 69
Recital 69
(69) The Commission should report on the progress made by Member States towards meeting the restoration targets and obligations of this Regulation on the basis of Union-wide progress reports drawn up by the EEA as well as other analysis and reports made available by Member States in relevant policy areas such as nature, marine and water policy. These reports should be made available to the public.
Amendment 339 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 70
Recital 70
(70) To ensure the achievement of the targets and obligations set out in this Regulation, it is of utmost importance that adequate private and public investments are made in restoration, Member States should integrate expenditure for biodiversity objectives, including in relation to opportunity and transition costs resulting from the implementation of the national restoration plans, in their national budgets and reflect how Union funding is used. Regarding the Union funding, expenditure under the Union budget and Union financing programmes, such as the Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE)96, the European Maritime Fisheries and Aquaculture Fund (EMFAF)97, the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)98, the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF), the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), the Cohesion Fund99and the Just Transition Fund100, as well as the Union framework programme for research and innovation, Horizon Europe101, contributes to biodiversity objectives with the ambition to dedicate 7,5 % in 2024, and 10 % in 2026 and in 2027 of annual spending under the 2021-2027 Multiannual Financial Framework102to biodiversity objectives. For farmers, the demand for more extensive farming of agricultural land with higher requirements and standards implies an increased effort, lower yields and higher costs, leading to possible competitive disadvantages in the global market.The resources of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) through the EAGF and the EAFRD must therefore be deposited with corresponding additional appropriations.The CAP must continue to ensure the sufficient supply of high- quality and nutrious food to the population at reasonable prices, while strengthening rural areas and generating a decent income for all farmers, including small farms.The Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF)103is a further source of funding for the protection and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystems. With reference to the LIFE Programme, special attention should be given to the appropriate use of the Strategic Nature Projects (SNaPs) as a specific tool that could support the implementation of this Regulation, by way of mainstreaming available financial resources in an effective and efficient way. _________________ 100 Regulation (EU) 2021/1056 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 June 2021 establishing the Just Transition Fund (OJ L 231 30.06.2021, p. 1). 101 Regulation (EU) 2021/695 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 April 2021 establishing Horizon Europe – the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation, laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, and repealing Regulations (EU) No 1290/2013 and (EU) No 1291/2013(OJ L 170, 12.5.2021, p. 1). 102 Council Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2020/2093 of 17 December 2020 laying down the multiannual financial framework for the years 2021 to 2027 (OJ L 433I , 22.12.2020, p. 11). 103 Regulation (EU) 2021/241 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 February 2021 establishing the Recovery and Resilience Facility (OJ L 57, 18.2.2021, p. 17). 96 Regulation (EU) 2021/783 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2021 establishing a Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE), and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013 (OJ L 172, 17.5.2021, p. 53). 97 Regulation (EU) 2021/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2021 establishing the European Maritime, Fisheries and Aquaculture Fund and amending Regulation (EU) 2017/1004 (OJ L 247, 13.7.2021, p. 1). 98 Regulation (EU) 2020/2220 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 December 2020 laying down certain transitional provisions for support from the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and from the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF) in the years 2021 and 2022 and amending Regulations (EU) No 1305/2013, (EU) No 1306/2013 and (EU) No 1307/2013 as regards resources and application in the years 2021 and 2022 and Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 as regards resources and the distribution of such support in respect of the years 2021 and 2022 (OJ L 437, 28.12.2020, p. 1). 99 Regulation (EU) 2021/1058 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 June 2021 on the European Regional Development Fund and on the Cohesion Fund (OJ L 231, 30.6.2021, p. 60).
Amendment 343 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 70 a (new)
Recital 70 a (new)
(70 a) The achievement of the objectives and obligations set out in this Regulation requires significant human and financial resources. Therefore, a dedicated fund will be alloted for nature restoration to increase funding efficiency, facilitate long-term monitoring capacitty and reduce administrative burden for determining the spending allocation of various funds on restoration targes.
Amendment 351 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 43
Recital 43
(43) Urban ecosystems represent around 22 % of the land surface of the Union, and constitute the area in which a majority of the citizens of the Union live. Urban green spaces include urban forests, parks and gardens, urban farms, tree-lined streets, urban meadows and urban hedges, and provide important habitats for biodiversity, in particular plants, birds and insects, including pollinators. They also provide vital ecosystem services, including natural disaster risk reduction and control (e.g. floods, heat island effects), cooling, recreation, water and air filtration, as well as climate change mitigation and adaptation, as well as cultural services (e.g. benefits for recreation, tourism, urban landscape and visual amenity) and resulting impacts on mental health and well-being.
Amendment 376 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 45 a (new)
Recital 45 a (new)
(45a) Member States should ensure that Union environmental law is applied to the deployment of energy from renewable sources, the related transmission and distribution network elements as well as storage facilities based on the principle that the species protection refers to the entire population and not to the individual specimens.
Amendment 380 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 46
Recital 46
(46) In the Union, pollinators have dramatically declined in recent decades, with one in three bee species and butterfly species in decline, and one in ten such species on the verge of extinction. Pollinators are essential for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems, human wellbeing and food security, by pollinating wild and cultivated plants. Almost EUR 5 000 000 000 of the EU’s annual agricultural output is directly attributed to insect pollinators70 . _________________ 70 Vysna, V., Maes, J., Petersen, J.E., La Notte, A., Vallecillo, S., Aizpurua, N., Ivits, E., Teller, A., Accounting for ecosystems and their services in the European Union (INCA). Final report from phase II of the INCA project aiming to develop a pilot for an integrated system of ecosystem accounts for the EU. Statistical report. Publications office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2021.
Amendment 385 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 48
Recital 48
Amendment 393 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – paragraph 2
Article 1 – paragraph 2
2. This Regulation establishes a framework within which Member States shall put in place, without delay, effective and area-based restoration measures which together shall cover, by 2030, at leasttowards 20 % of the Union’s land and sea areas and, by 2050, all degraded ecosystems in need of restoration.
Amendment 398 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 50
Recital 50
(50) Restoration measures need to be put in place to enhance the biodiversity of agricultural ecosystems across the Union, including in the areas not covered by habitat types that fall within the scope of Directive 92/43/EEC. In the absence of a common method for assessing the condition of agricultural ecosystems that would allow setting specific restoration targets for agricultural ecosystems, it is appropriate to set a generalthat fall within the scope of Directive 92/43/EEC. The obligation to improve biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems and measure the fulfilment of that obligation on theshould basise ofn existing indicators taking into account product- integrated commitments.
Amendment 408 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 51
Recital 51
(51) Since farmland birds are well- known and widely recognised key indicators of the health of agricultural ecosystems, it is appropriate to set targets for their recovery. The obligation to achieve such targets would apply to Member States, not to individual farmers. Member States should achieve those targets by putting in place effective restoration measures on farmland, working with and supporting and incentivising farmers, and supporting other stakeholders for their design and implementation on the ground.
Amendment 410 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 52
Recital 52
(52) High-diversity landscape features on agricultural land, non productive areas and land use with high diversity in rural areas, including buffer strips, rotational or non-rotational fallow land, hedgerows, organic farmland, compensation areas, intercrops, extensive farmland, individual or groups of trees, tree rows, field margins, patches, ditches, streams, small wetlands, terraces, cairns, stonewalls, small ponds and cultural features, provide space for wild plants and animals, including pollinators, prevent soil erosion and depletion, filter air and water, support climate change mitigation and adaptation and agricultural productivity of pollination-dependent crops. Productive trees that are part of arable land agroforestry systems and productive elements in non-productive hedges can also be considerd as high biodiversity landscape features provided that they do not receive mineral fertilizers or pesticide treatment and if harvest takes place only at moments where it would not compromise high biodiversity levels. Therefore, a requirement to ensure an increasing trend for the share of agricultural land with high-diversity landscape features in rural areas should be set out. Such a requirement would enable the Union to achieve one of the other key commitments of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, namely, to cover at least 10 % of agricultural area with high-diversity landscape features. Increasing trends should also be achieved for other existing indicators, such as the grassland butterfly index and the stock of organic carbon in cropland mineral soils.
Amendment 412 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3 a (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3 a (new)
(3 a) ‘active restoration’ means restoring an ecosystem by implementing measures which aim at accelerating or modifying the trajectory of natural processes and accelerating the recovery of an ecosystem towards or to good condition;
Amendment 413 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3 b (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3 b (new)
(3 b) ‘passive restoration’ means restoring an ecosystem by removing sources of disturbance, therefore allowing natural processes to occur undisturbed from human pressures in an ecosystem and allowing the long-term natural recovery of the ecosystem towards or to good condition;
Amendment 415 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 52
Recital 52
(52) High-diversity landscape features on agricultural land, non-productive areas and land use with high diversity in rural areas, including buffer strips, rotational or non-rotational fallow land, hedgerows, organic farmland, compensation areas, intercrops, extensive farmland, individual or groups of trees, tree rows, field margins, patches, ditches, streams, small wetlands, terraces, cairns, stonewalls, small ponds and cultural features, provide space for wild plants and animals, including pollinators, prevent soil erosion and depletion, filter air and water, support climate change mitigation and adaptation and agricultural productivity of pollination-dependent crops. Productive trees that are part of arable land agroforestry systems and productive elements in non-productive hedges can also be considerd as high biodiversity landscape features provided that they do not receive mineral fertilizers or pesticide treatment and if harvest takes place only at moments where it would not compromise high biodiversity levels. Therefore, a requirement to ensure an increasing trend for the share of agricultural land with high- diversity landscape features should be set out. Such a requirement would enable the Union to achieve one of the other key commitments of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, namely, to cover at least 104 % of agricultural area with high-diversity landscape features. Increasing trends should also be achieved for other existing indicators, such as the grassland butterfly index and the stock of organic carbon in cropland mineral soils.
Amendment 426 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 55
Recital 55
(55) In order to reap the full biodiversity benefits, restoration and rewetting of areas of drained peatland should extend beyond the areas of wetlands habitat types listed in Annex I of Directive 92/43/EEC that are to be restored and re-established. Data about the extent of organic soils as well as their greenhouse gas emissions and removals are monitored and made available by LULUCF sector reporting in national greenhouse gas inventories by Member States, submitted to the UNFCCC. Restored and rewetted peatlands can continue to be used productively in alternative ways. For example, paludiculture, the practice of farming on wet peatlands, can include cultivation of various types of reeds, certain forms of timber, blueberry and cranberry cultivation, sphagnum farming, and grazing with water buffaloes. Such practices should be based on the principles of sustainable management and aimed at enhancing biodiversity so that they can have a high value both financially and ecologically. Paludiculture can also be beneficial to several species which are endangered in the Union and can also facilitate the connectivity of wetland areas and of associated species populations in the Union. Funding for measures to restore and rewet drained peatlands and to compensate possible losses of income can come from a wide range of sources, including expenditure under the Union budget and Union financing programmes. Programmes for long-term financing are to be developed for this purpose.
Amendment 431 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 56
Recital 56
(56) The new EU Forest Strategy for 203081 outlined the need to restore forest biodiversity. Forests and other wooded land cover over 43,5 % of the EU’s land space. Forest ecosystems that host rich biodiversity are vulnerable to climate change but are also a natural ally in adapting to and fighting climate change and climate-related risks, including through their carbon-stock and carbon-sink functions, and provide many other vital ecosystem services and benefits, such as the provision of timber and wood, food and other non-wood forest products, climate regulation, soil stabilisation and erosion control and the purification of air and water. Forests also have positive effects on physical and mental health and well- being, and forests with a high biodiversity are in particular attractive for tourists. _________________ 81 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. New EU Forest Strategy for 2030 (COM/2021/572 final).
Amendment 437 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 57
Recital 57
(57) Restoration measures need toshould be put in place to enhance the biodiversity of forest ecosystems across the Union, including in the areas not covered by habitat types falling within the scope of Directive 92/43/EEC. In the absence of a common method for assessing the condition of forest ecosystems that would allow for the setting of specific restoration targets for forest ecosystems, it is appropriate to set a general obligation to improve biodiversity in forest ecosystems and measure the fulfilment of that obligation on the basis of existing indicators, such as standing and lying deadwood, the shThe focus should be on improving biodiversity and the resilience of forest ecosystems and, where possible, to measure on the basis of existing and new indicators, such as the share of forests with uneven-aged structure, forest connectivity, dead wood lying and standing in quantity per hectare; vertical structure richness (single layer, multi-layered, multi-layered); location and climate-related tree species composition as a share of the total forest area; nutrient sustainability in representative areas; change in percent of forest stand; share of timber construction in the construction volume and share of wood chemically valued in the volume of wood; area of forests with uneven-aged structure, forest connectivity, the commonhere effective measures have been taken to increase resilience to climate change; ecosystem service water protection; research ecosystem services health, recreation and education in the forest and tree species composition. In view of the ever- increasing risk of forest bfird index82 , and the stock of organic carbon. _________________ 82 Common bird index (EU aggregate) - Products Datasets - Eurostat (europa.eu)es caused by climate change, Member States should take into account when setting the targets of increasing the proportion of deadwood, the share of forests with uneven age structure and the networking of forests, the risk of forest fires.
Amendment 462 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 60
Recital 60
(60) In order to ensure coherence between the objectives of this Regulation and Directive (EU) 2018/200184 , Regulation (EU) 2018/199985 and Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the promotion of energy from renewable sources86 , in particular, during the preparation of national restoration plans, Member States should take account ofintroduce measures which do not hinder the potential for renewable energy projects to make contributions towards meeting nature restoration objectives. _________________ 84 Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 82). 85 Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action, amending Regulations (EC) No 663/2009 and (EC) No 715/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, Directives 94/22/EC, 98/70/EC, 2009/31/EC, 2009/73/EC, 2010/31/EU, 2012/27/EU and 2013/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, Council Directives 2009/119/EC and (EU) 2015/652 and repealing Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 1). 86 Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 1998 relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending Council Directive 93/12/EEC (OJ L 350, 28.12.1998, p. 58).
Amendment 466 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 61
Recital 61
(61) Considering the importance of addressing consistently the dual challenges of biodiversity loss and climate change, the restoration of biodiversity and the guarantee of food security should take into account the deployment of renewable energy and vice versa. The Communication on REPowerEU: Joint European Action for more affordable, secure and sustainable energy87 states that Member States should swiftly map, assess and ensure suitable land and sea areas that are available for renewable energy projects, commensurate with their national energy and climate plans, the contributions towards the revised 2030 renewable energy target and other factors such as the availability of resources, grid infrastructure and the targets of the EU Biodiversity Strategy. The Commission proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive (EU) 2018/2001 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings and Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency88 and the Commission recommendation on accelerating permitting for renewable energy projects and facilitating Power Purchase Agreements89 , both adopted on 18 May 2022, also provide for the identification of renewables go-to areas. Those are specific locations, whether on land or sea, particularly suitable for the installation of plants for the production of energy from renewable sources, other than biomass combustion plants, where the deployment of a specific type of renewable energy is not expected to have significant environmental impacts, in view of the particularities of the selected territory. Member States should give priority to artificial and built surfaces, such as rooftops, transport infrastructure areas, parking areas, waste sites, industrial sites, mines, artificial inland water bodies, lakes or reservoirs, and, where appropriate, urban waste water treatment sites, as well as degraded land not usable for agriculture. In the designation of renewables go-to areas, Member States should avoid protected areas and consider their national nature restoration plans. Member States should coordinate the development of national restoration plans with the designation of the renewables go-to areas. During the preparation of the nature restoration plans, Member States should ensure synergies withpriority to the already designated renewables go-to areas and ensure that the functioning of the renewables go-to areas, including the permitting procedures applicable in the renewables go-to areas foreseen by Directive (EU) 2018/2001, remain unchanged and not be in conflict with a certain form of renewables. _________________ 87 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions REPowerEU: Joint European Action for more affordable, secure and sustainable energy (COM/2022/108 final). 88 Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive (EU) 2018/2001 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings and Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency, COM/2022/222 final. 89 Commission recommendation on speeding up permit-granting procedures for renewable energy projects and facilitating Power Purchase Agreements, C(2022) 3219 final.
Amendment 470 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 61
Recital 61
(61) Considering the importance of addressing consistently the dual challenges of biodiversity loss and climate change, the restoration of biodiversity should take into account the deployment of renewable energy and vice versa. The Communication on REPowerEU: Joint European Action for more affordable, secure and sustainable energy87 states that Member States should swiftly map, assess and ensure suitable land and sea areas that are available for renewable energy projects, commensurate with their national energy and climate plans, the contributions towards the revised 2030 renewable energy target and other factors such as the availability of resources, grid infrastructure and the targets of the EU Biodiversity Strategy. The Commission proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive (EU) 2018/2001 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings and Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency88 and the Commission recommendation on accelerating permitting for renewable energy projects and facilitating Power Purchase Agreements89 , both adopted on 18 May 2022, also provide for the identification of renewables go-to areas. Those are specific locations, whether on land or sea, particularly suitable for the installation of plants for the production of energy from renewable sources, other than biomass combustion plants, where the deployment of a specific type of renewable energy is not expected to have significant environmental impacts, in view of the particularities of the selected territory. Member States should give priority to artificial and built surfaces, such as rooftops, transport infrastructure areas, parking areas, waste sites, industrial sites, mines, artificial inland water bodies, lakes or reservoirs, and, where appropriate, urban waste water treatment sites, as well as degraded land not usable for agriculture. In the designation of renewables go-to areas, Member States should avoid protected areas and (highly) fertile soils, and consider their national nature restoration plans. Member States should coordinate the development of national restoration plans with the designation of the renewables go-to areas. During the preparation of the nature restoration plans, Member States should ensure synergies with the already designated renewables go- to areas and ensure that the functioning of the renewables go-to areas, including the permitting procedures applicable in the renewables go-to areas foreseen by Directive (EU) 2018/2001, remain unchanged. _________________ 87 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions REPowerEU: Joint European Action for more affordable, secure and sustainable energy (COM/2022/108 final). 88 Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive (EU) 2018/2001 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings and Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency, COM/2022/222 final. 89 Commission recommendation on speeding up permit-granting procedures for renewable energy projects and facilitating Power Purchase Agreements, C(2022) 3219 final.
Amendment 491 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 69
Recital 69
(69) The Commission should report on the progress made by Member States towards meeting the restoration targets and obligations of this Regulation on the basis of Union-wide progress reports drawn up by the EEA as well as other analysis and reports made available by Member States in relevant policy areas such as nature, marine and water policy. These reports should be made available to the public.
Amendment 504 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 70 a (new)
Recital 70 a (new)
(70a) To increase funding efficiency, facilitate long-term monitoring capacity and reduce administrative burden for determining the spending allocation of various funds on restoration targets, a dedicated fund will be allocated to nature restoration in the next Multiannual Financial Framework that is to start in 2028.
Amendment 516 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 74
Recital 74
(74) In line with the commitment in the 8th Environment Action Programme to 2030107 , Member States should phase out environmentally harmful subsidies at national level, making the best use of market-based instruments and green budgeting tools, including those required to ensure a socially fair transition, and supporting businesses and other stakeholders in developing standardised natural capital accounting practices. _________________ 107 [Reference to be added when the 8th EAP has been published].
Amendment 526 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 76
Recital 76
(76) In order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of this Regulation, implementing powers should be conferred on the Commission in order to specify the method for monitoring pollinators, to specify the methods for monitoring the indicators for agricultural ecosystems listed in Annex IV to this Regulation and the indicators for forest ecosystems listed in Annex VI to this Regulation, to develop a framework for setting the satisfactory levels of pollinators, of indicators for agricultural ecosystems listed in Annex IV to this Regulation and of indicators for forest ecosystems listed in Annex VI to this Regulation, and to specify the methods for monitoring urban green space and of urban tree canopy cover, to set out a uniform format for the national restoration plans, to set out the format, structure and detailed arrangements for reporting data and information electronically to the Commission. Those powers should be exercised in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and the Council108 . _________________ 108 Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by the Member States of the Commission’s exercise of implementing powers (OJ L 55, 28.2.2011, p. 13).
Amendment 530 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 77
Recital 77
(77) The Commission should carry out an evaluation of this Regulation. Pursuant to paragraph 22 of the Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Law-Making, that evaluation should be based on the criteria of efficiency, effectiveness, relevance, coherence and EU value added and should provide the basis for impact assessments of possible further measures. In addition, the Commission should assess the need to establish additional restoration targets, based on common methods for assessing the condition of ecosystems not covered by Articles 4 and 5, taking into account the most recent scientific evidence.
Amendment 537 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point a
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point a
(a) the continuous, long-term and sustained recovery of biodiverse and resilient nature across the Union’s land and sea areas through the restoration of ecosystemsmaintenance, enhancement, restoration and development of ecosystems while guaranteeing food security;
Amendment 556 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 8 – point c a (new)
Article 4 – paragraph 8 – point c a (new)
(c a) necessary measures to ensure food security and food production;
Amendment 558 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – paragraph 2
Article 1 – paragraph 2
2. This Regulation establishes a framework within which Member States shall put in place, without delay, effective and area-based restoration and development measures which together shall cover,maintain, enhance or restore by 2030, at least 20 % of the Union’s land and sea areas in need of restoration and, by 2050, all ecosystems in need of restoration while guaranteeing food security. All measures shall not prevent any sustainable use.
Amendment 581 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 9 – point c a (new)
Article 4 – paragraph 9 – point c a (new)
(c a) necessary measures to ensure food security and food production;
Amendment 607 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3
(3) ‘restoration’ means the process of actively or passively assisting the recovery of an ecosystem towards or to good condition, of a habitat type to the highest level of condition attainable and to its favourable reference area, of a habitat of a species to a sufficient quality and quantity, or of species populations to satisfactory levels, as a means of conserving or enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem resilience, functions and services;
Amendment 613 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3 a (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3 a (new)
(3a) ‘passive restoration’ means restoring an ecosystem by removing sources of disturbance, therefore allowing natural processes to occur undisturbed from human pressures in an ecosystem and allowing the long-term natural recovery of the ecosystem towards or to good condition;
Amendment 615 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3 a (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3 a (new)
(3a) 'development' means to create ecosystems in areas where lost species cannot be brought back due to a change of the environment and climate;
Amendment 617 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3 b (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 3 b (new)
(3 b) ‘active restoration’ means restoring an ecosystem by implementing measures which aim at accelerating or modifying the trajectory of natural processes and accelerating the recovery of an ecosystem towards or to good condition;
Amendment 623 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 4
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 4
(4) ‘good condition’ means a state where the key characteristics of an ecosystem, namely its physical, chemical, compositional, structural and functional state, and its landscape and seascape characteristics, reflect the high level of ecological integrity, stability and resilience necessary to ensure its long-term maintenance and productivity;
Amendment 655 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 7 a (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 7 a (new)
(7a) 'sustainable forest management' means the stewardship and use of forests and forest lands in a way, and at a rate, that maintains their biodiversity, productivity, regeneration capacity, vitality and their potential to fulfil, now and in the future, relevant ecological, economic and social functions, at local, national, and global levels, and that does not cause damage to other ecosystems;
Amendment 657 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 7 c (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 7 c (new)
(7 c) 'production-integrated commitments' are measures to promote biodiversity that are integrated into agricultural or forestry production;
Amendment 661 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 2 – point b
Article 6 – paragraph 2 – point b
(b) a net gain of urban green space that is integrated into existing and new buildings and infrastructure developments, including through renovations and, renewals, restauration and de-sealing in all cities and in towns and suburbs.
Amendment 671 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 13
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 13
(13) ‘urban green space’ means all green urban areas; broad-leaved forests; coniferous forests; mixed forests; natural grasslands; moors and heathlands; transitional woodland-shrubs and sparsely vegetated areas -; green roofs, green walls and private gardens as found within cities or towns and suburbs calculated on the basis of data provided by the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service as established by Regulation (EU) 2021/696 of the European Parliament and of the Council110 ;and based on existing land-use plans of local authorities or other local instruments of spatial function assignment. _________________ 110 Regulation (EU) 2021/696 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 April 2021 establishing the Union Space Programme and the European Union Agency for the Space Programme and repealing Regulations (EU) No 912/2010, (EU) No 1285/2013 and (EU) No 377/2014 and Decision No 541/2014/EU (OJ L 170, 12.5.2021, p. 69).
Amendment 677 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 3
Article 7 – paragraph 3
3. Member States shall complemenmay support the removal of the barriers referred to in paragraph 2 by the measures necessary to improve the natural functions of the related floodplains.
Amendment 694 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 15 b (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 15 b (new)
(15 b) ‘wetting’ means any deliberate action aimed at bringing the water level of a drained peat land, i.e. the position relative to the surface, as far as possible, close to the original peat land;
Amendment 710 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 1
Article 4 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall put in place the restoration and development measures that are necessary to improve to good condition areas of habitat types listed in Annex I which are not in good condition. Such measures shall be in place on at least 30 % of the area of each group of habitat types listed in Annex I thain the Member State and in the respective biogeographical region listed in Annex I which are not in good condition taking into account the food security. Such measures shall be in place on the area until it is not in good condition, as quantified in the national restoration plan referred to in Article 12, by 2030, on at least 650 % by 2040, and on at least 90 % by 2050 respecting production-integrated commitments .
Amendment 718 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 1
Article 4 – paragraph 1
1. Following the availability of a revised Union-wide methodology for the status survey of habitat types and species protected under the Habitats Directive, Member States shall put in place the restoration and development measures that are necessary to improve to good condition areas of habitat types listed in Annex I which are not in good condition. Such measures shall be in place on at least 30 % of the area of each group of habitat types listed in Annex I that is not in good condition, as quantified in the national restoration plan referred to in Article 12, by 2030, on at least 60 % by 2040, and on at least 90 % by 2050, respecting production-integrated commitments.
Amendment 731 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 2 – point c
Article 9 – paragraph 2 – point c
(c) share of agricultural land with high- diversity landscape features, including hedgerows, dry-stone wall features, individual monumental trees, ditches, terraces, ponds or field margins.
Amendment 734 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 2
Article 4 – paragraph 2
2. Once the data on habitat types referred to in Article 19(8) are available, Member States shall put in place the restoration measures that are necessary to re-establish the habitat types listed in Annex I in areas not covered by those habitat types, provided that climatic conditions still allow this. Such measures shall be in place on areas representing at least 30 % of the additional overall surface needed to reach the total favourable reference area of each group of habitat types listed in Annex I, as quantified in the national restoration plan referred to in Article 12, by 2030, at least 650 % of that surface by 2040, and 100 % of that surface by 2050, taking into account all areas and land uses equally for this purpose and respecting production- integrated commitments.
Amendment 755 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 3
Article 4 – paragraph 3
3. Member States shall put in place the restoration measures for the terrestrial, coastal and freshwater habitats of the species listed in Annexes II, IV and V to Directive 92/43/EEC and of the terrestrial, coastal and freshwater habitats of wild birds covered by Directive 2009/147/EC that are necessary to improve the quality and quantity of those habitats, including by re-establishing them, and to enhance connectivity, until sufficient quality and quantity of those habitats is achieved respecting production-integrated commitments.
Amendment 780 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 5
Article 4 – paragraph 5
5. The restoration and development measures referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall consider the need for improved connectivity between the habitat types listed in Annex I and take into account the ecological requirements of the species referred to in paragraph 3 that occur in those habitat types and the food security.
Amendment 793 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 6
Article 4 – paragraph 6
6. Member States shall ensure that the areas that are subject to restoration measures in accordance with paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 show a continuous improvement in the condition of the habitat types listed in Annex I until good condition is reached, and a continuous improvement of the quality of the habitats of the species referred to in paragraph 3, until the sufficient quality of those habitats is reached. Member States shall entake appropriate and effective measures that areas in which good condition has been reached, and in which the sufficient quality of the habitats of the species has been reached, do not deteriorate irreversibly by human or non- human actions.
Amendment 805 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 7
Article 4 – paragraph 7
7. Member States shall ensure that areas where the habitat types listed in Annex I occur do not deteriorate irreversibly by human or non-human actions.
Amendment 815 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1 a (new)
Article 9 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1 a (new)
Member States shall take measure to prevent cover-up and shrub encroachment, forestation and depletion of extensively managed agricultural land, in particular extensive grassland in border yield and mountain areas.
Amendment 816 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 7 a (new)
Article 4 – paragraph 7 a (new)
7a. (7a) where, due to the different requirements of the habitat types listed in paragraphs 1 and 2 of Annex I and of the species referred to in paragraph 3, the obligations referred to in paragraphs 6 and 7 are not complied with, it shall be weighed for the benefit of which habitat types or species restoration measures are taken. Non-compliance with the obligations relating to the other habitat types or species is justified by this.
Amendment 819 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 7 b (new)
Article 4 – paragraph 7 b (new)
7b. If Member States, due to the regional specificities, cannot meet the obligations referred to in paragraphs 6 and 7 and Article 9(4), exceptions are justified.
Amendment 820 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 8
Article 4 – paragraph 8
Amendment 835 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 8 – point a a (new)
Article 4 – paragraph 8 – point a a (new)
(aa) to guarantee food security;
Amendment 846 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 8 – point b
Article 4 – paragraph 8 – point b
(b) unavoidable habitat transformations or other circumstances, which are directly caused by climate change; or
Amendment 872 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 8 – point c a (new)
Article 4 – paragraph 8 – point c a (new)
(ca) measures to maintain food security, production of food and renewable resources.
Amendment 887 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 1
Article 11 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall prepare national restoration plans and carry out the preparatory monitoring and research needed to identify the restoration measures that are necessary to meet the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10, taking into account the latest scientific evidence, practices and local conditions, cost-effective allocation and prioritization of restoration measures, while involving relevant stakeholders, such as landowners and land managers at every state of the process.
Amendment 895 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 9 – point a a (new)
Article 4 – paragraph 9 – point a a (new)
(aa) to guarantee food security;
Amendment 908 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 9 – point b
Article 4 – paragraph 9 – point b
(b) unavoidable habitat transformations or other circumstances which are directly caused by climate change: or
Amendment 934 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 10 – point a
Article 4 – paragraph 10 – point a
(a) an increase of habitat area in good condition for habitat types listed in Annex I until at least 90 % is in good condition and until the favourable reference area for each habitat type in each biogeographic region of their territory is reached;
Amendment 944 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 4
Article 11 – paragraph 4
4. Member States shall identify and map the agricultural and forest areas in need of restoration, in particular the areas that, due to intensification or other management factors, are in need of enhanced connectivity and landscape diversitydevelop a methodology to identify and map areas in need of restoration, in particular those areas which, due to infrastructure measures and settlement activity are in need of enhanced connectivity and landscape diversity. The type of restoration measures recommended in these areas, and how restrictions of use and property disadvantages are compensated, shall be determined in agreement with the landowner of the area concerned. The identification and mapping exercises should include an informed process for any landowner and land manager whose land is being identified. To this end, the competent authority designated by the Member State shall seek contractual arrangements with landowners or other beneficial owners in order to safeguard the implementation, restriction or omission of the management and use of land under private law.
Amendment 973 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 7 – point g a (new)
Article 11 – paragraph 7 – point g a (new)
(g a) prior and informed consent principles as laid out in the Charter of Fundamental Rights;
Amendment 1004 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 11 a (new)
Article 11 – paragraph 11 a (new)
11 a. Member States shall ensure that the preparation of the restoration plan is carried out in due consultation and cooperation with representatives of landowners and land managers. Member States shall ensure that the preparation of the restoration plan complies with the principle of prior and informed consent and that no area is considered for restorations actions without its owner having the opportunity to express its consent or opposition to the projects, nor without the available financial means for adequate compensation.
Amendment 1007 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 5 – paragraph 5
Article 5 – paragraph 5
5. The restoration measures referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall consider the need for improved connectivity between the habitat types listed in Annex II and take into account the ecological requirements of the species referred to in paragraph 3 that occur in those habitat types and guarantee food security.
Amendment 1035 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point j
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point j
(j) the estimated co-benefits for climate change mitigation associated with the restoration measures over time, as well as wider socio-economic benefits of those measures; including an assessment of the proposed measures’ socio-economic impacts especially regarding the bio-based industrial value chains and impacts on bioeconomy
Amendment 1049 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point l
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point l
(l) the estimated financing needs for the implementation of the restoration measures, which shall include the a description of the support to stakeholders, such as landowners and land managers affected by restoration measures or other new obligations arising from this Regulation, compensation for possible property disadvantages and yield losses of the landowners concerned, and the means of intended financing, public or private funding, including (co-) financing with Union funding instruments including through a dedicated EU fund for restoration;
Amendment 1056 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 5 – paragraph 8 – point a a (new)
Article 5 – paragraph 8 – point a a (new)
(aa) to guarantee food security;
Amendment 1070 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point o a (new)
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point o a (new)
(o a) An explanation on how to ensure that the implementation of the restoration plans do not lead to a decrease of agricultural and forestry production within the Union or a shift to third countries and to ensure self-sufficiency with regional, high-quality food and biogenic raw materials.
Amendment 1081 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 13 – paragraph 1
Article 13 – paragraph 1
Member States shall submit a draft of the national restoration plan referred to in Articles 11 and 12 to the Commission by… [OP please insert the date = the first day of the month following 24 months after the date of entry into force of this Regulation]. The Commission shall make these draft plans available to the public.
Amendment 1108 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 5 – paragraph 9 – point a a (new)
Article 5 – paragraph 9 – point a a (new)
(aa) to guarantee food security;
Amendment 1166 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 1
Article 6 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall ensure that there is no net loss of urban green space, at aggregated national level and of urban tree canopy cover by 2030, compared to 2021, in all cities and in towns and suburbs. Member States shall cooperate with local and regional authorities, as well as managing authorities for achieving this based on existing legal frameworks.
Amendment 1202 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 a (new)
Article 18 a (new)
Article 18 a Funding 1. Prior to the entry in force of this Regulation and with a view to ensuring the proper implementation of the requirements set out herein, the Commission shall identify the available funding. 2. With a view to the revision of the Multiannual Financial Framework and the preparation of a multiannual financial framework for the next programming period, the Commission shall conduct an assessment of the funds needed to support Member States in implementing the requirements set out in this Regulation. On the basis of this assessment, the Commission shall look into and identify the existing potential solutions and build a permanent and dedicated restoration fund. 3. Any review of national restoration plans shall be accompanied by an examination of the funds needed for the proposed changes.
Amendment 1220 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 2 a (new)
Article 6 – paragraph 2 a (new)
2a. Tree species to expand tree canopy should be selected considering to the following criteria: a) potential to foster biodiversity; b) native, climate resilient species over non-native, unless the non-native species are foreseen to naturally expand their range in the designated area due to climate change; c) species that will be adapted to both current and future climates; d) multifunctionality; e) tree species diversity over monoculture, which must be avoided; f) invasive alien species as well as monoculture must be avoided; g) other relevant criteria mentioned in the 3 billion trees pledge1a. _________________ 1a https://ec.europa.eu/environment/pdf/fore sts/swd_3bn_trees.pdf
Amendment 1256 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 2
Article 7 – paragraph 2
2. Member States shall remove the barriers to longitudinal and lateral connectivity of surface waters identified under paragraph 1 of this Article, in accordance with the plan for their removal referred to in Article 12(2), point (f). When removing barriers, Member States shall primarily address obsolete barriers, which are those that are no longer neededwithout actual or potential use for renewable energy generation, inland navigation, flood protection, water supply or other uses.
Amendment 1267 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 3
Article 7 – paragraph 3
3. Member States shall opt to complement the removal of the barriers referred to in paragraph 2 by the measures necessary to improve the natural functions of the related floodplains.
Amendment 1282 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 1
Article 8 – paragraph 1
Amendment 1291 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 8 – paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. The Commission will evaluate the current status of pollinator populations and, based on this, establish scientific indicators and propose measures to achieve positive trends in pollinator populations.
Amendment 1292 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 2
Article 8 – paragraph 2
Amendment 1298 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 3
Article 8 – paragraph 3
Amendment 1309 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 1
Article 9 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall take into account social and economic requirements put in place the restoration and development measures necessary to enhance biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems, in addition to the areas that are subject to restoration and development measures under Article 4(1), (2) and (3) taking into account climate change, food security and securing socially and economically viable agricultural production.
Amendment 1321 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
Article 9 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
2. Member States shall achieve through sustainable agricultural activity an increasing trend at national level of each of the following indicators in agricultural ecosystems, as further specified in Annex IV, measured in the period from the date of entry into force of this Regulation until 31 December 2030, and every three years thereafter, until the satisfactory levels, identified in accordance with Article 11(3), are reached:
Amendment 1329 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 2 – point a
Article 9 – paragraph 2 – point a
Amendment 1340 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 2 – point b
Article 9 – paragraph 2 – point b
Amendment 1353 #
(c) share of agricultural landland in rural areas with high-diversity landscape features, non- productive areas and other land use with high biological diversity.
Amendment 1372 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
Article 9 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
3. Member States shall put in place restoration measures to ensure that the common farmland bird index at national level based on the species specified in Annex V, indexed on … [OP please insert the date = the first day of the month following 12 months after the date of entry into force of this Regulation] = 1001.01.2020, reaches the following levels:
Amendment 1377 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 3 – point a
Article 9 – paragraph 3 – point a
(a) 110 by 20305, 120 by 20405 and 130 by 20505, for Member States listed in Annex V with historically more depleted populations of farmland birds;
Amendment 1383 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 3 – point b
Article 9 – paragraph 3 – point b
(b) 105 by 20305, 110 by 20405 and 115 by 20505, for Member States listed in Annex IV with historically less depleted populations of farmland birds.
Amendment 1390 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 4
Article 9 – paragraph 4
Amendment 1418 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1 – point a
Article 9 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1 – point a
(a) 30 % of such areas by 2030, of which at least a quartersixth shall be rewetted;
Amendment 1433 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1 – point b
Article 9 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1 – point b
(b) 50 % of such areas by 2040, of which at least halfa quarter shall be rewetted;
Amendment 1461 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 3
Article 9 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 3
In addition, Member States may put in place restoration measures to rewet organic soils that constitute drained peatlands under land uses other than agricultural use and peat extraction and count those rewetted areas as contributing, up to a maximum of 240%, to the achievement of the targets referred to in the first subparagraph, points (a), (b) and (c).
Amendment 1470 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 4 a (new)
Article 9 – paragraph 4 a (new)
4a. Member States shall take measures to maintain cover-up, deforestation and depletion of extensively managed agricultural land, in particular extensive grassland in border yields and in the mountain area.
Amendment 1481 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 1
Article 10 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall put in place the restoration and development measures necessary to enhance biodiversity and resistance of forest ecosystems, in addition to the areas that are subject to restoration and development measures pursuant to Article 4(1), (2) and (3).
Amendment 1493 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
2. Member States shall achieve through sustainable forest management an increasing trend at national level of each of the following indicators in forest ecosystems, as further set out in Annex VI, measured in the period from the date of entry into force of this Regulation until 31 December 2030, and every three yearssix thereafter, until the satisfactory levels identified in accordance with Article 11(3) are reached:
Amendment 1497 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
2. Member States shall achieve an increasing trend at national level of each of the following indicators in forest ecosystems, as further set out in Annex VI, measured in the period from the date of entry into force of this Regulation until 31 December 2030, and every threesix years thereafter, until the satisfactory levels identified in accordance with Article 11(3) are reached:
Amendment 1505 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point a
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point a
(a) standing deadwooddead wood lying and standing in quantity per hectare;
Amendment 1509 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point b
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point b
Amendment 1513 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point b a (new)
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point b a (new)
(ba) vertical structure richness (single layer, multi-layered, multi-layered);
Amendment 1525 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point d
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point d
(d) forest connectivity;
Amendment 1527 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point e
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point e
Amendment 1536 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f
Amendment 1545 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f a (new)
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f a (new)
(fa) location and climate-related tree species composition as a share of the total forest area;
Amendment 1551 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f b (new)
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f b (new)
(fb) regular review of nutrient sustainability in representative areas;
Amendment 1555 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f c (new)
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f c (new)
(fc) change in percent of forest stand;
Amendment 1556 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f d (new)
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f d (new)
(fd) share of timber construction in the construction volume and share of wood chemically valued in the volume of wood;
Amendment 1557 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f e (new)
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f e (new)
(fe) area of forests where effective measures have been taken to increase resilience to climate change;
Amendment 1558 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f f (new)
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f f (new)
(ff) ecosystem service water protection;
Amendment 1559 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f g (new)
Article 10 – paragraph 2 – point f g (new)
(fg) ecosystem services health, recreation and education in the forest;
Amendment 1581 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 b (new)
Article 10 b (new)
Article 10 b Preservation of the effects of restoration measures 1. Member States shall ensure the continuous, long-term and sustained effects of the restoration measures referred to in Articles 4 to 10a, in accordance with Article 12(2), point (i), through effective means, including, when applicable, by the designation of protected areas, by the implementation of other effective area-based conservation measures, or by promoting private land conservation measures, taking into account the ecological requirements of the restored areas while guaranteeing food security. 2. When restoration measures apply to primary and old-growth forests, Member States shall strictly protect them.
Amendment 1587 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 1
Article 11 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall prepare national restoration pland development plans involving owners, land users and their representatives and carry out the preparatory monitoring and research needed to identify the restoration measures that are necessary to meet the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10a and the Union’s overarching objectives as set out in Article 1, taking into account the latest scientific evidence.
Amendment 1623 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 2 – point a – point iv
Article 11 – paragraph 2 – point a – point iv
(iv) the areas most suitable for the re- establishment of habitat types in view of ongoing and projected changes to environmental conditions due to climate change and the conflicting preconditions of different habitat types and species;
Amendment 1630 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 2 – point b
Article 11 – paragraph 2 – point b
(b) the sufficient quality and quantity of the habitats of the species required for achieving their favourable conservation status, taking into account the areas most suitable for re-establishment of those habitats, and the connectivity needed between habitats in order for the species populations to thrive, as well as ongoing and projected changes to environmental conditions due to climate change and the conflicting preconditions of different habitat types and species.
Amendment 1651 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 3
Article 11 – paragraph 3
3. Member States shall set, by 2030 at the latest, satisfactory levels for each of the indicators referred to in Articles 8(1), 9(2) and 10(2), through an open and effective process and assessment, based on the latest scientific evidence and, if available, the framework referred to in Article 17(9) and taking into account the funding provided.
Amendment 1663 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 4
Article 11 – paragraph 4
4. Member States shall identify and map the agricultural and forest areas in need of restoration, in particular the areas that, due to intensification or other management factors, are in need of enhanced connectivity and landscape diversityfrastructure measures and settlement activities, are in need of enhanced connectivity and landscape diversity. The type of restoration and development measures recommended in these areas and how restrictions of use and property disadvantages are compensated shall be determined in agreement with the landowner of the area concerned. To this end, the competent authority designated by the Member State shall seek contractual arrangements with landowners or other beneficial owners in order to safeguard the implementation, restriction or omission of the management and use of land under private law.
Amendment 1697 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 6 a (new)
Article 11 – paragraph 6 a (new)
6a. Member States shall ensure that Union environmental law is applied to the deployment of energy from renewable sources, the related transmission and distribution network elements as well as storage facilities on the basis of the principle that the species protection refers to the entire population and not to the individual specimens.
Amendment 1707 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 7 – point c
Article 11 – paragraph 7 – point c
(c) measures for achieving good ecological and chemical status of water bodies included in river basin management plans prepared in accordance with Directive 2000/60/EC without prejudice to the exemptions set out in articles 4(3), 4(4), 4(5) and 4(7) thereof;
Amendment 1762 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 11
Article 11 – paragraph 11
11. Member States shall ensure that the preparation of the restoration or development plan is open, inclusive and effective and that the public as well as all the stakeholders affected by restoration measures is given early and effective opportunities to participate in its elaboration. Consultations shall comply with the requirements set out in Articles 4 to 10 of Directive 2001/42/EC.
Amendment 1772 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 11 a (new)
Article 11 – paragraph 11 a (new)
11a. the food security;
Amendment 1774 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 11 b (new)
Article 11 – paragraph 11 b (new)
11b. The paragraphs 1 to 11 also apply when regional and sub-regional restoration or development plans are prepared (cross border management).
Amendment 1812 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point e
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point e
(e) the inventory of barriers and the barriers identified for removal in accordance with Article 7(1), the plan for their removal in accordance with Article 7(2) and an estimate of the length of free- flowing rivers to be achieved by the removal of those barriers by 2030 and by 2050, and any other measures to re- establish the natural functions of floodplains in accordance with Article 7(3); without restricting the use of hydroelectric power;
Amendment 1821 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point h
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point h
(h) the monitoring of the areas subject to restoration or development in accordance with Articles 4 and 5, the process for assessing the effectiveness of the restoration or development measures put in place in accordance with Articles 4 to 10 and for revising those measures where needed to ensure that the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10 are met or revised;
Amendment 1846 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point l
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point l
(l) the estimated financing needs for the implementation of the restoration measures, which shall include the description of the support to stakeholders and compensation for property-related disadvantages of the landowners concerned affected by restoration measures or other new obligations arising from this Regulation, and the means of intended financing, public or private, including (co-) financing with Union funding instruments;
Amendment 1859 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point n
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point n
(n) a summary of the process for preparing and establishing the national restoration plan, including information on public participation and the landowners affected by potential restoration measures and of how the needs of local communities and stakeholders have been considered and how ownership rights have been respected;
Amendment 1872 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point o a (new)
Article 12 – paragraph 2 – point o a (new)
(oa) a dedicated section explaining how to ensure that the implementation of the recovery plans does not lead to a depopulation of agricultural and forestry production in third countries and to ensure self-sufficiency with regional, high-quality food and biogenic raw materials;
Amendment 1893 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 13 – paragraph 1
Article 13 – paragraph 1
Member States shall submit a draft of the national restoration plan referred to in Articles 11 and 12 to the Commission by… [OP please insert the date = the first day of the month following 24 months after the date of entry into force of this Regulation]. The Commission shall make these draft plans available to the public.
Amendment 1896 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 13 – paragraph 1
Article 13 – paragraph 1
Member States shall submit a draft of the national restoration plan referred to in Articles 11 and 12 to the Commission by… [OP please insert the date = the first day of the month following 2436 months after the date of entry into force of this Regulation].
Amendment 1901 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1
Article 14 – paragraph 1
1. The Commission shall assess the draft national restoration plans within sixnine months of the date of receipt. When carrying out that assessment, the Commission shall act in close cooperation with the Member State concerned.
Amendment 1905 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 2
Article 14 – paragraph 2
2. When assessing the draft national restoration or development plan, the Commission shall evaluate its compliance with Article 12, as well as its adequacy for meeting the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10, as well as the Union’s overarching objectives referred to in Article 1, the specific objectives referred to in Article 7(1) to restore at least 25 000 km of rivers into free-flowing rivers in the Union by 2030 and the 2030 objective of covering at least 10% of the Union’s agricultural area with high-diversity landscape features as well as ensuring that the implementation of the recovery plans does not lead to migration of agricultural and forestry production to third countries and that self-supply with regional, high- quality food and biogenic raw materials can be ensured.
Amendment 1913 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 2
Article 14 – paragraph 2
2. When assessing the draft national restoration plan, the Commission shall evaluate its compliance with Article 12, as well as its adequacy for meeting the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10, as well as the Union’s overarching objectives referred to in Article 1, the specific objectives referred to in Article 7(1) to restore at least 25 000 km of rivers into free-flowing rivers in the Union by 2030 and the 2030 objective of covering at least 10% of the Union’s agricultural area with high-diversity landscape features.
Amendment 1916 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 2
Article 14 – paragraph 2
2. When assessing the draft national restoration plan, the Commission shall evaluate its compliance with Article 12, as well as its adequacy for meeting the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10, as well as the Union’s overarching objectives referred to in Article 1, the specific objectives referred to in Article 7(1) to restore at least 25 000 km of rivers into free-flowing rivers in the Union by 2030 and the 2030 objective of covering at least 104% of the Union’s agricultural area with high-diversity landscape features.
Amendment 1926 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 4
Article 14 – paragraph 4
4. The Commission may address observations to Member States within sixnine months of the date of receipt of the draft national restoration plan.
Amendment 1941 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 6
Article 14 – paragraph 6
6. Member States shall finalise, publish and submit to the Commission the national restoration plan within sixnine months from the date of receipt of observations from the Commission.
Amendment 1960 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 15 – paragraph 2
Article 15 – paragraph 2
2. When it becomes apparent that the measures set out in the national restoration or development plan will not be sufficient to comply with the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10, based on the monitoring in accordance with Article 17, Member States shall revise the national restoration planor development plan, revise the measures and targets and include supplementary measures.
Amendment 1965 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 15 – paragraph 3
Article 15 – paragraph 3
3. Based on the information referred to in Article 18(1) and (2) and the assessment referred to in Article 18(4) and (5), if the Commission considers that the progress made by a Member State is insufficient to comply with the targets and obligations set out in Articles 4 to 10, the Commission may request the Member State concerned to submit an updated draft national restoration plan with supplementary measures provide additional measures, including a description of the funding required for this purpose . That updated national restoration plan with supplementary measures shall be published and submitted within six months from the date of receipt of the request from the Commission.
Amendment 1981 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 16 – paragraph 1
Article 16 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall ensure that members of the public, in accordance with national law, that have a sufficientlegitimate interest or that maintain the impairment of a right as well as affected landowners and managers, have access to a review procedure before a court of law, or an independent and impartial body established by law, to challenge the substantive or procedural legality of the national restoration plans and any failures to act of the competent authorities, regardless of the role members of the public have played during the process for preparing and establishing the national restoration plan.
Amendment 2019 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 17 – paragraph 1 – point f
Article 17 – paragraph 1 – point f
Amendment 2030 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 17 – paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
Article 17 – paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
(ha) the progress towards the planting of three billion climate-adapted additional trees referred to in Article 10a.
Amendment 2049 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 17 – paragraph 5
Article 17 – paragraph 5
5. The monitoring in accordance with paragraph 1, points (a), (b) and (c), of this Article, concerning the stock of organic carbon in cropland mineral soils and the share of agricultural land with high- diversity landscape features, and (e) concerning the standing deadwood, the lying deadwood, the share of forests with uneven-aged structure, the coverage of climate-adopted trees, the forest connectivity and the stock of organic carbon, shall be carried out at least every three years, and, where possible, every year. The monitoring in accordance with that paragraph, point (c) concerning the grassland butterfly index, that paragraph, points (d) and (e) concerning the common forest bird index, and that paragraph, point (f) concerning pollinator species shall be carried out every year. The monitoring in accordance with that paragraph, points (g) and (h), shall be carried out at least every six years and shall be coordinated with the reporting cycle under Article 17 of Directive 92/43/EEC.
Amendment 2113 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 19 – paragraph 1
Article 19 – paragraph 1
Amendment 2122 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 19 – paragraph 2
Article 19 – paragraph 2
Amendment 2130 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 19 – paragraph 3
Article 19 – paragraph 3
Amendment 2138 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 19 – paragraph 4
Article 19 – paragraph 4
Amendment 2143 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 19 – paragraph 5
Article 19 – paragraph 5
Amendment 2156 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 19 – paragraph 7
Article 19 – paragraph 7
Amendment 2159 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 19 – paragraph 7 a (new)
Article 19 – paragraph 7 a (new)
7a. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 20 concerning the development of a uniform and scientifically sound survey and evaluation methodology to ensure a Union-wide standard for the establishment of a database as referred to in Article 4. Based on this, Union-wide recovery targets will be set.
Amendment 2160 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 19 – paragraph 7 b (new)
Article 19 – paragraph 7 b (new)
7b. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 20 to develop a uniform and scientifically based collection and analysis methodology in order to ensure a Union-wide standard for the establishment of a data base as referred to in Article 4. Building on this, Union-wide recovery objectives will be set.
Amendment 2284 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex IV – row 4
Annex IV – row 4
Share of agricultural Description: High-diversity landscape features are elements of land with high- permanent natural or semi-natural vegetation present in an diversity landscape agricultural context, which provide ecosystem services and support features for biodiversity. In order to do so, landscape features need to be subject to as little external disturbances as possible to provide safe habitats for various taxa, and therefore need to comply with the following conditions: a) they cannot be under productive agricultural use (including grazing or fodder production),and b) they should not receive fertilizer or pesticide treatment. Land lying fallow can be considered as high diversity landscapemust either be managed in a way that promotes biodiversity or not used for productive agriculture at all. b) they should not receive fertilizer or pesticide treatment, unless they exclusively contain active substances that may be used in accordance with Regulation 5EU) 2018/848. Land lying fallow as well as cultivated land can be considered as high diversity landscape features if it complies with criteria (a) and (b) above. Productive trees part of arable land agroforestry system (b) above. Productive trees and productive elements in non- elements in non- productive hedges can also be considered as high diversity diversity landscape features, if they comply with criterion (b) above, and if harvests take place only at moments where it would not compromise high biodiversity levels.. Unit: Percent (share of Utilised Agricultural Area). Methodology: as developed under indicator I.21, Annex I of Regulation 2021/2115,as based on LUCAS for landscape elements, Ballin M.et al., Redesign sample for Land Use/Cover Area frame Survey (LUCAS), Eurostat2018, and for land laying fallow, Farm Structure, Reference Metadatain Single Integrated Metadata Structure, online publication, Eurostat.