38 Amendments of Gheorghe FALCĂ related to 2021/0218(COD)
Amendment 32 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 1
Recital 1
(1) The European Green Deal5 establishes the objective of the Union becoming climate neutral in 2050 in a manner that contributes to the European economy, growth and job creation. That objective, and the objective of a 55% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 as set out in the 2030 Climate Target Plan6 that was endorsed both by the European Parliament7 and by the European Council8 , requires an energy transition and significantly higher shares of renewable energy sources in an integrated energy system. Moreover, taking into account the war situation, the target of a 55% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by2030 is very ambitious, but achievable. _________________ 5 Communication from the Commission COM(2019) 640 final of 11.12.2019, The European Green Deal. 6 Communication from the Commission COM(2020) 562 final of 17.9.2020, Stepping up Europe’s 2030 climate ambition Investing in a climate-neutral future for the benefit of our people 7 European Parliament resolution of 15 January 2020 on the European Green Deal (2019/2956(RSP)) 8 European Council conclusions of 11 December 2020, https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/47 296/1011-12-20-euco-conclusions-en.pdf
Amendment 38 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 2
Recital 2
(2) Renewable energy plays a fundamental role in delivering the European Green Deal and for achieving climate neutrality by 2050, given that the energy sector contributes over 75% of total greenhouse gas emissions in the Union. By reducing those greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy also contributes to protect, restore and valorise biodiversity, by tackling environmental-related challenges such as biodiversity loss.
Amendment 46 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 2 a (new)
Recital 2 a (new)
(2a) 2a The Russian invasion in Ukraine has roiled the markets and geopolitics of energy, driving oil and gas prices to their highest levels in nearly a decade and forcing many EU countries to reconsider their energy supplies. The Member States will have negative and asymmetric effects on the EU energy market and on EU economy, this is why the renewable energy has a crucial role for energy independence and stability.
Amendment 48 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 3
Recital 3
(3) Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council9 sets a binding Union target to reach a share of at least 32 % of energy from renewable sources in the Union's gross final consumption of energy by 2030. Under the Climate Target Plan, the share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption would need to increase to 405 % by 2030 in order to achieve the Union’s greenhouse gas emissions reduction target10 and to opt out of Russian gas. Therefore, the target set out in Article 3 of that Directive needs to be increased. _________________ 9 Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 82–209 10 Point 3 of the Communication from the Commission COM(2020) 562 final of 17.9.2020, Stepping up Europe’s 2030 climate ambition Investing in a climate- neutral future for the benefit of our people
Amendment 55 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 4
Recital 4
Amendment 79 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 10 a (new)
Recital 10 a (new)
(10a) Transforming the energy system should not be only about installing renewables. It is crucial to invest in more flexible infrastructure and rethinking current plans in order to avoid stranding assets in outdated systems. The importance of balanced energy mix should be emphasised in view of energy transition process in order to improve the energy efficiency and become less independent on imports, especially oil and natural gas.
Amendment 82 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 11
Recital 11
(11) Buildings have a large untapped potential to contribute effectively to the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by improving insulation of buildings or installing more efficient appliances and equipment in the Union. The decarbonisation of heating and cooling in this sector through an increased share in production and use of renewable energy will be needed to meet the ambition set in the Climate Target Plan to achieve the Union objective of climate neutrality. However, progress on the use of renewables for heating and cooling has been stagnant in the last decade, largely relying on increased use of biomass. Without the establishment of targets to increase the production and use of renewable energy in buildings, there will be no ability to track progress and identify bottlenecks in the uptake of renewables. Furthermore, the creation of targets will provide a long-term signal to investors, including for the period immediately after 2030. This will complement obligations related to energy efficiency and the energy performance of buildings. Therefore, indicative targets for the use of renewable energy in buildings should be set to guide and incentivise Member States’ efforts to exploit the potential of using and producing renewable energy in buildings, encourage the development of and integration of technologies which produce renewable energy while providing certainty for investors and local level engagement.
Amendment 110 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 29
Recital 29
(29) The use of renewable fuels and renewable electricity in transport can contribute to the decarbonisation of the Union transport sector in a cost-effective manner, and improve, amongst other, energy diversification in that sector while promoting innovation, growth and jobs in the Union economy and reducing reliance on energy imports. With a view to achieving the increased target for greenhouse gas emission savings defined by the Union, the level of renewable energy supplied to all transport modes in the Union should be increased. Expressing the transport target as a greenhouse gas intensity reduction target would stimulate an increasing use of the most cost-effective and performing fuels, in terms of greenhouse gas savings, in transport. In addition, a greenhouse gas intensity reduction target would stimulate innovation and set out a clear benchmark to compare across fuel types and renewable electricity depending on their greenhouse gas intensity. Complementary to this, increasing the level of the energy-based target on advanced biofuels and biogas and introducing a target for renewable fuels of non-biological origin would ensure an increased use of the renewable fuels with smallest environmental impact in transport modes that are difficult to electrify. The achievement of those targets should be ensured by obligations on fuel suppliers as well as by other measures included in [Regulation (EU) 2021/XXX on the use of renewable and low-carbon fuels in maritime transport - FuelEU Maritime and Regulation (EU) 2021/XXX on ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport]. Dedicated obligations on aviation fuel suppliers should be set only pursuant to [Regulation (EU) 2021/XXX on ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport].
Amendment 113 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 31
Recital 31
(31) The Union’s renewable energy policy aims to contribute to achieving the climate change mitigation objectives of the European Union in terms of the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. In the pursuit of this goal, it is essential to also contribute to wider environmental objectives, and in particular the prevention of biodiversity loss, which is negatively impacted by the indirect land use change associated to the production of certain biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels. Contributing to these climate and environmental objectives constitutes a deep and longstanding intergenerational concern for Union citizens and the Union legislator. As a consequence, the changes in the way the transport and renewable target is calculated should not affect the limits established on how to account toward that target certain fuels produced from food and feed crops on the one hand and high indirect land-use change-risk fuels on the other hand. In addition, in order not to create an incentive to use biofuels and biogas produced from food and feed crops in transport, Member States should continue to be able to choose whether count them or not towards the transport target. If they do not count them, they may reduce the greenhouse gas intensity reduction target accordingly, assuming that food and feed crop-based biofuels save 50% greenhouse gas emissions, which corresponds to the typical values set out in an annex to this Directive for the greenhouse gas emission savings of the most relevant production pathways of food and feed crop-based biofuels as well as the minimum savings threshold applying to most installations producing such biofuels.
Amendment 120 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 35
Recital 35
Amendment 134 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 41 a (new)
Recital 41 a (new)
(41a) Low-carbon liquid fuels have a significant potential to enable the reduction of pollutant and CO2 emissions from new vehicles and the existing fleet. Directive 98/70/EC has not been updated since 2009 and in light of the introduction of new Euro 7/VII emission standards, Directive 98/70/EC needs to be revised as well.
Amendment 145 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 1 – point c
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 1 – point c
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 2 – point 36a (new)
Article 2 – point 36a (new)
(36a) ‘renewable hydrogen’ means hydrogen produced from bio feedstock compatible with the sustainability criteria of Art. 29;
Amendment 146 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point b
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point b
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 3 – paragraph 3 – point a
Article 3 – paragraph 3 – point a
Amendment 162 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point b
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point b
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 3 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 3
Article 3 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 3
Amendment 169 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point c
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point c
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 3 – paragraph 4a
Article 3 – paragraph 4a
4a. Member States shall establish a framework, which may include support schemes and facilitating the uptake of renewable energy power purchase agreements, enabling the deployment of renewable electricitnergy to a level that is consistent with the Member State’s national contribution referred to in paragraph 2 and at a pace that is consistent with the indicative trajectories referred to in Article 4(a)(2) of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999. In particular, that framework shall tackle remaining barriers, including those related to permitting procedures, to a high level of renewable electricity supply. When designing that framework, Member States shall take into account the additional renewable electricity required to meet demand in the transport, industry, building and heating and cooling sectors and for the production of renewable fuels of non- biological origin.;
Amendment 177 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 5 – point c
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 5 – point c
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 15 – paragraph 8 – subparagraph 1
Article 15 – paragraph 8 – subparagraph 1
8. Member States shall assess the regulatory and administrative barriers to long-term renewables energy power purchase agreements, and shall remove unjustified barriers to, and promote the uptake of, such agreements, including by exploring how to reduce the financial risks associated with them, in particular by using credit guarantees. Member States shall ensure that those agreements are not subject to disproportionate or discriminatory procedures or charges, and that any associated guarantees of origin can be transferred to the buyer of the renewable energy under the renewable power purchase agreement.
Amendment 178 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 5 – point c
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 5 – point c
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 15 – paragraph 8 – subparagraph 2
Article 15 – paragraph 8 – subparagraph 2
Member States shall describe their policies and measures promoting the uptake of renewables energy power purchase agreements in their integrated national energy and climate plans referred to in Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 and progress reports submitted pursuant to Article 17 of that Regulation. They shall also provide, in those reports, an indication of the volume of renewable energy power generation supported by renewables energy power purchase agreements.;
Amendment 185 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 6
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 6
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 15a – paragraph 2
Article 15a – paragraph 2
To achieve the indicative share of renewables set out in paragraph 1, Member States shall, in their building regulations and codes and, where applicable, in their support schemes or by other means with equivalent effect, require the use of minimum levels of energy from renewable sources in new and renovated buildings, in line with the provisions of Directive 2010/31/EU. Member States shall allow those minimum levels to be fulfilled, among others, through efficient district heating and cooling.
Amendment 191 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 7
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 7
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 18 – paragraph 3
Article 18 – paragraph 3
Member States shall ensure thatcreate the conditions in order to have more trained and qualified installers of renewable heating and cooling systems are available in sufficient numbers for the relevant technologies to service the growth of renewable heating and cooling required to contribute to the annual increase in the share of renewable energy in the heating and cooling sector as set out in Article 23.
Amendment 196 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 8 – point a – point i
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 8 – point a – point i
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 19 – paragraph 2
Article 19 – paragraph 2
To that end, Member States shall ensure that a guarantee of origin is issued in response to a request from a producer of energy from renewable sources, including low-carbon sources . Member States may arrange for guarantees of origin to be issued for energy from non- renewable sources. Issuance of guarantees of origin may be made subject to a minimum capacity limit. A guarantee of origin shall be of the standard size of 1 MWh. No more than one guarantee of origin shall be issued in respect of each unit of energy produced.;
Amendment 202 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 11
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 11
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 22a
Article 22a
1. Member States shall endeavour to increase the share of renewable sources and low carbon sources in the amount of energy sources used for final energy and non-energy purposes in the industry sector by an indicative average minimum annual increase of 1.1 percentage points by 2030.
Amendment 206 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 11
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 11
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 22a – paragraph 1
Article 22a – paragraph 1
Member States shall ensure that the contribution of renewable fuels of non- biological origin and low carbon sources used for final energy and non-energy purposes shall be 50 % of the hydrogen used for final energy and non- energy purposes in industry by 2030. For the calculation of that percentage, the following rules shall apply:
Amendment 209 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 11
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 11
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 22a – paragraph 1 – point b
Article 22a – paragraph 1 – point b
(b) For the calculation of the numerator, the energy content of the renewable fuels of non-biological origin and low carbon sources consumed in the industry sector for final energy and non- energy purposes shall be taken into account, excluding renewable fuels of non- biological origin used as intermediate products for the production of conventional transport fuels.
Amendment 217 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 12 – point b
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 12 – point b
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 23 – paragraph 1a
Article 23 – paragraph 1a
1a. Member States shall carry out an assessment of their potential of energy from renewable sources and of the use of waste heat and cold in the heating and cooling sector including, where appropriate, an analysis of areas suitable for their deployment at low ecological risk and of the potential for small-scale household projects. The assessment shall set out milestones and measures to in increase renewables energy in heating and cooling and, where appropriate, the use of waste heat and cold through district heating and cooling with a view of establishing a long- term national strategy to decarbonise heating and cooling. The assessment shall be part of the integrated national energy and climate plans referred to in Articles 3 and 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, and shall accompany the comprehensive heating and cooling assessment required by Article 14(1) of Directive 2012/27/EU.;
Amendment 222 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 14
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 14
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – point b
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – point b
(b) the share of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from the feedstock listed in Part A of Annex IX in the energy supplied to the transport sector is at least 0,2 % in 2022, 0,5 % in 2025 and 2,2 % in 2030, and the share of renewable fuels of non-biological origin and low carbon energy sources is at least 2,6 % in 2030.
Amendment 223 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 14
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 14
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 25 – paragraph 2
Article 25 – paragraph 2
2. Member States shall establish a mechanism allowing fuel suppliers in their territory to exchange credits for supplying renewable energy and low carbon energy sources to the transport sector. Economic operators that supply renewable electricity to electric vehicles through public recharging stations shall receive credits, irrespectively of whether the economic operators are subject to the obligation set by the Member State on fuel suppliers, and may sell those credits to fuel suppliers, which shall be allowed to use the credits to fulfil the obligation set out in paragraph 1, first subparagraph.;
Amendment 226 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 15 – point a – point i
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 15 – point a – point i
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
For the calculation of a Member State's gross final consumption of energy from renewable sources referred to in Article 7 and of the greenhouse gas intensity reduction target referred to in Article 25(1), first subparagraph, point (a), the share of biofuels and bioliquids, as well as of biomass fuels consumed in transport, where produced from food and feed crops, shall be no more than one percentage point higher than the share of such fuels in the final consumption of energy in the transport sector in 2020 in that Member State, with a maximum ofno more than 7 % of final consumption of energy in the transport sector in that Member State.;
Amendment 228 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 16 – point b
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 16 – point b
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – point a – point ii
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – point a – point ii
(ii) for renewable fuels of non- biological origin, low carbon energy sources and recycled carbon fuels, by multiplying the amount of these fuels that is supplied to all transport modes by their emissions savings determined in accordance with delegated acts adopted pursuant to Article 29a(3);
Amendment 230 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 16 – point b
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 16 – point b
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – point d
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – point d
(d) the greenhouse gas intensity reduction from the use of renewable energy is determined by dividing the greenhouse gas emissions saving from the use of biofuels, biogas, low carbon energy sources and renewable electricity supplied to all transport modes by the baseline.
Amendment 231 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 18 – point a – point ii
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 18 – point a – point ii
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 29 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point a
Article 29 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point a
— (a) in the case of solid biomass fuels, in installations producing electricity, heating and cooling with a total rated thermal input equal to or exceeding 520 MW,
Amendment 237 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 18 – point e
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 18 – point e
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 29 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1 – point a – point iv
Article 29 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1 – point a – point iv
(iv) that harvesting is carried out considering maintenance of soil quality and biodiversity with the aim of minimising negative impacts, in a way that avoids harvesting of stumps and roots, degradation of primary forests or their conversion into plantation forests, and harvesting on vulnerable soils; minimises large clear-cuts and ensures locally appropriate thresholds for deadwood extraction and requirements to use logging systems that minimise impacts on soil quality, including soil compaction, and on biodiversity features and habitats:;.
Amendment 240 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 18 – point f
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 18 – point f
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 29 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1 – point b – point iv
Article 29 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1 – point b – point iv
(iv) that harvesting is carried out considering maintenance of soil quality and biodiversity with the aim of minimising negative impacts, in a way that avoids harvesting of stumps and roots, degradation of primary forests or their conversion into plantation forests, and harvesting on vulnerable soils; minimises large clear-cuts and ensures locally appropriate thresholds for deadwood extraction and requirements to use logging systems that minimise impacts on soil quality, including soil compaction, and on biodiversity features and habitats:;.
Amendment 243 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 18 – point g
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 18 – point g
point 18 – point g
Article 29 – paragraph 10 – subparagraph 1 – point d
Article 29 – paragraph 10 – subparagraph 1 – point d
(d) at least 750 % for electricity, heating and cooling production from biomass fuels used in installations until 31 December 2025, and at least 860 % from 1 January 2026.;
Amendment 246 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 19
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 19
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 29a – paragraph 3
Article 29a – paragraph 3
3. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 35 to supplement this Directive by specifying the methodology for assessing greenhouse gas emissions savings from renewable fuels of non-biological origin, from low carbon energy sources and from recycled carbon fuels. The methodology shall ensure that credit for avoided emissions is not given for CO2 the capture of which has already received an emission credit under other provisions of law.;
Amendment 247 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 22
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 22
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 31a – paragraph 1
Article 31a – paragraph 1
1. The Commission shall ensure that a Union database is set up to enable the tracing of liquid and gaseous renewable fuels, low carbon energy sources and recycled carbon fuels.
Amendment 299 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 16 – point b
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 16 – point b
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – point d
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – point d
(d) the greenhouse gas intensity reduction from the use of renewable energy is determined by dividing the greenhouse gas emissions saving from the use of biofuels, biogas. renewable fuels of non- biological origin and renewable electricity supplied to all transport modes by the baseline.
Amendment 383 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 1 a (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point 1 a (new)
(1a) At the latest in 2024, the European Commission shall adopt a proposal to amend Directive 98/70/EC with the aim to improve the quality of motor fuels specified in Annexes I and II of this Directive.
Amendment 389 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex I – paragraph 1 – point 5 – point c
Annex I – paragraph 1 – point 5 – point c
Directive (EU) 2018/2001
Annex V – part c – point 18
Annex V – part c – point 18
18. For the purposes of the calculations referred to in point 17, the emissions to be divided shall be eec + el + esca + those fractions of ep, etd, eccs and eccr that take place up to and including the process step at which a co-product is produced. If any allocation to co-products has taken place at an earlier process step in the life-cycle, the fraction of those emissions assigned in the last such process step to the intermediate fuel product shall be used for those purposes instead of the total of those emissions. In the case of biogas and biomethane, all co-products that do not fall under the scope of point 7 shall be taken into account for the purposes of that calculation. No emissions shall be allocated to wastes and residues. Co- products that have a negative energy content shall be considered to have an energy content of zero for the purposes of the calculation. Wastes and residues including all wastes and residues included in Annex IX shall be considered to have zero life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions up to the process of collection of those materials irrespectively of whether they are processed to interim products before being transformed into the final product. Residues that are not included in Annex IX and fit for use in the food or feed market shall be considered to have the same amount of emissions from the extraction, harvesting or cultivation of raw materials, eec as their closest substitute in the food and feed market that is included in the table in part D. In the case of biomass fuels produced in refineries, other than the combination of processing plants with boilers or cogeneration units providing heat and/or electricity to the processing plant, the unit of analysis for the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 17 shall be the refinery;