Activities of Alviina ALAMETSÄ related to 2021/2232(INI)
Plenary speeches (1)
The EU and the security challenges in the Indo-Pacific (debate)
Shadow reports (1)
REPORT on the EU and the security challenges in the Indo-Pacific
Amendments (45)
Amendment 2 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1 a (new)
Citation 1 a (new)
— having regard to its resolution of 21 January 2021 on connectivity and EU- Asia relations,
Amendment 3 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1 b (new)
Citation 1 b (new)
— having regard to its resolution of 3 October 2017 on EU political relations with ASEAN,
Amendment 4 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1 c (new)
Citation 1 c (new)
— having regard to the joint communication from the Commission and the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy of 1 December 2021 on 'The Global Gateway' (JOIN(2021) 30 final),
Amendment 11 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 10 a (new)
Citation 10 a (new)
— having regard to the ASEM Summit of 25 and 26 November 2021,
Amendment 12 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 11 a (new)
Citation 11 a (new)
— having regard to the EU-US High Level Consultations on the Indo-Pacific on 3 December 2021,
Amendment 13 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 12 a (new)
Citation 12 a (new)
— having regard to ASEAN-EU Plan of Action 20218-2022,
Amendment 14 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 15 a (new)
Citation 15 a (new)
— having regard to the Partnership on Sustainable Connectivity and Quality Infrastructure between the EU and Japan of 27 September 2019,
Amendment 15 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 15 b (new)
Citation 15 b (new)
— having regard to EU-ASEAN joint ministerial statement on connectivity of 1 December 2020,
Amendment 16 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 15 c (new)
Citation 15 c (new)
— having regard to EU-India Connectivity Partnership of 8 May 2021,
Amendment 17 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 15 d (new)
Citation 15 d (new)
— having regard to the Climate Change and Defence Roadmap of 9 November 2020,
Amendment 18 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 15 e (new)
Citation 15 e (new)
— having regard to the Concept for an Integrated Approach on Climate Change and Security of 5 October 2021,
Amendment 19 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 15 f (new)
Citation 15 f (new)
— having regard to the Council conclusions of 17 June 2020 and of 10 May 2021 on security and defence,
Amendment 30 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas the recently adopted joint communication on an EU strategy for cooperation in the Indo- Pacific, which is based on a principled engagement with a long-term perspective, reflects a deep evolution in the way the EU looks at its interests in the region and the potential role it can play; whereas building strong relations, sustainable trade links and security cooperation with Indo-Pacific regional organisations and countries is central to the strategy;
Amendment 55 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E a (new)
Recital E a (new)
E a. whereas the climate crisis has generated effects on the international system where it has the potential to exacerbates geopolitical tensions, and to shift the balance between major powers; whereas the Union’s external action must increasingly incorporate climate change and environmental considerations as a major security risk, and accordingly adapt its strategies and concepts and procedures, including in the Indo-Pacific;
Amendment 65 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E b (new)
Recital E b (new)
E b. whereas China has shown a lack of transparency and reluctance to engage in talks on its potential participation in multilateral nuclear arms control instruments, which has allowed it to stockpile unhindered a large arsenal of technologically advanced intermediate- range ballistic missiles, such as Dong- Feng 26s;
Amendment 69 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E c (new)
Recital E c (new)
E c. whereas on 15 December 1995, ASEAN Member States signed the Treaty of Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone (SEANWFZ Treaty) as a commitment to preserve the Southeast Asian region as a region free of nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction;
Amendment 78 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Welcomes the recently adopted joint communication on an EU strategy for cooperation in the Indo- Pacific; recognises the added value of the strategy as the first foundation stone of the EU’s united approach to the region, and praises the inclusive and multifaceted nature of the strategy and the inclusion of security and defence as one of its seven priority areas; calls for the EU to use the strategy as a tool to effectively assertincrease its presence and influence in the region through furthering strategic ties and deepening cooperation on security- and defence-related matters with regional countries and organisations; believes that increased EU engagement in the region would contribute to regional security, and help overcome regional tensions and create more balanced relations among regional players; recalls that the strategy is a Team Europe project and it should strive for free and open Indo- Pacific;
Amendment 81 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 a (new)
Paragraph 1 a (new)
1 a. Recalls the principles, norms and values of Article 21 TEU which shall serve as normative framework for the Union's engagement in the Indo-Pacific; stresses the need to defend and promote, as a strategic objective, democracy, the rule of law, the universality and indivisibility of human rights and fundamental freedoms, respect for human dignity, the principles of equality and solidarity, and the respect for the principles of the United Nations Charter and international law in the region; equally underlines the Union's strategic objective to promote multilateral solutions to common problems and to seek to develop relations and build partnerships with third countries; believes that, due to rise of authoritarianism and geopolitical rivalry, the the Union should double its efforts to promote a rules based international order and the respect for the universal norms of international law;
Amendment 90 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Highlights the need to safeguardensure EU unity as a pre-condition to achieve the EU’s ambition of strategic sovereignty amid the increasing competition between the United States and Chinaforeign and security policy objectives in the Indo Pacific region; recalls that the EU’s unified approach must be underpinned by a pragmatic and principled foreign and security policy which seeks to cooperate with partners if possible, and act alone if needed in order to pursue its strategic solidarity and sovereignty;
Amendment 93 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Stresses the EU’s determination to promote an open, stable and rules-based regional security architecture, based on respect for democracy, the rule of law, human rights and international law, and including secure sea lines of communication, capacity-building and an enhanced naval presence, in accordance with the legal framework established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS); urges the EU to further engage with the countries and organisations of the Indo-Pacific to foster and further build inclusive and effective partnerships, and, therefore, strengthen multilateralism via the UN and other international organisations; recalls that non-compliance or an explicit violation of these values and principles would have negative repercussions on the EU’s engagement in bilateral and regional partnerships;
Amendment 108 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4 a (new)
Paragraph 4 a (new)
4 a. Encourages the EU to strengthen their mutual commitment with its Indo- Pacific partners to the implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security, including the development of National Action Plans with appropriate budgetary allocations for effective implementation;
Amendment 110 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4 b (new)
Paragraph 4 b (new)
4 b. Encourage commitment to implementing UN Security Council Resolutions 2250, 2419 and 2535 on Youth, Peace and Security (YPS),including through the development of national YPS strategies and action plans with appropriate budgetary allocations and an emphasis on conflict prevention, and exploring ways to meaningfully engage young people in building positive peace and security;
Amendment 111 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading 2
Subheading 2
Strategic sovereignty and solidarity based on multilateralism and the rules-based international order
Amendment 122 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
6. Expresses deep concerns about China’s rapid military build-up, including its test of a hypersonic missile, and its increasingly assertive behaviour, which aims, among other things, to advance its territorial claims in the East and South China Seas; highlights that security hotspots and unresolved issues, such as the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s nuclear programme, the recent China-India border standoffs, the crackdown on democracy in Hong Kong, China’s failure to comply with its obligations under national and international law to respect human rights, including the rights of minorities in Xinjiang, Tibet and Inner Mongolia, and threats posed by China to the territorial integrity of Taiwan, exert further strain on regional security and stability; highlights that the EU’s approach towards China must be unified, pragmatic, multifaceted and principled, including cooperating on issues of shared interest, such as climate change, on the one hand, and competbased on HR and international law, and rivalling when it comes to providing economic, political and strategic alternatives to third countries, and confronting China on matters where our respective views diverge substantially, as the fundamental challenge in the pursuit of our values and interests, on the other hand;
Amendment 149 #
9. Highlights the fundamental role that connectivity plays in the geopolitical relations of the EU and its Member States, and welcomes the announcemEU´s Global Gateway strategy presented by Commission President von der Leyen to present the EU’s global gateway strategy; believes that connectivity cooperation is crucial in internationally promoting the security of infrastructure, for example via protecting and promoting the security of undersea cables, while taking into account the risks that connectivity could be weaponised; highlights the importance of connectivity cooperation for the EU and the Indo- Pacific region to successfully face up to the new security challenges, including cybersecurity, digital connectivity, critical infrastructure and the potential dual use of technology; underlines the importance of strengthening climate security and sustainable development via connectivity investments;
Amendment 162 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading 3
Subheading 3
Enhancing partnerships with regional organisations and countriebilaterally with partners
Amendment 175 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 12
Paragraph 12
12. Highlights the longstanding cooperation between the EU and ASEAN on security and defence matters, and welcomes the recent upgrade of bilateral relations to a strategic partnership; reiterates its strong commitment to support ASEAN’s centrality and inclusive multilateral architecture; calls for the EU to anchor and extend its presence in the region by deepening cooperation with ASEAN and its members; invites the EU and ASEAN to identify wayscalls on ASEAN to involve the EU in the ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting Plus and in the East Asia Summit; underlines the fundamental role of the parliamentary dimension for strengthening democracy and promoting human rights in the region, and encouragerecalls, therefore, the demands for the establishment of an EU- ASEAN Parliamentary Assembly and more numerous and regular parliamentary exchanges and missions to the region;
Amendment 178 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 12 a (new)
Paragraph 12 a (new)
12 a. Calls for the EU to strengthen dialogue and cooperation with ASEAN and bilateral partners on civilian conflict prevention, mediation, peacebuilding and reconciliation and facilitate dialogue on conflict-resolution, as well as democracy, rule of law and human rights; commends the efforts of ASEAN Parliamentarians for Human Rights for bringing human rights issues to the political agenda;
Amendment 192 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15
Paragraph 15
15. Welcomes the well established cooperation between the EU and Japan in the area of security and defence, and connectivity and urges both partners to further advance the strategic partnership; calls for both partners to enhance cooperation in the area of maritime security and to further develop cooperation within the framework of the common security and defence policy (CSDP) in areas such as intelligence and capacity- building;
Amendment 194 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16
Paragraph 16
16. Welcomes the commitments by the EU and India in the area of security and defence, and their recent launch of a dialogue on maritime security; invites both parties to further strengthen their operational cooperation at sea, including joint naval exercises and port calls, as well as actions to protect thand promote secure sea lines of communication, also as part of the recently established EU-India Connectivity Partnership;
Amendment 211 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 19
Paragraph 19
19. Welcomes the positive role Taiwan plays in fostering peace and security in the Indo-Pacific region and specifically in the Straight of Taiwan; underlines the necessity of closer coordination with like- minded partners to maintain peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait; stresses the need to enhance existing partnerships with Taiwan so as to promote common values, such as democracy, human rights, the rule of law, and good governance in the Indo-Pacific region; reminds that the status quo in the Strait of Taiwan may only be changed peacefully and by mutual agreement; reiterates its support for the participation of Taiwan in international organizations as an observer member;
Amendment 230 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 22
Paragraph 22
22. Calls for the EU to invite like- minded Indo-Pacific partners to participate in selected PESCO projects; underlines that third country participation can only be exceptional, decided on a case-by-case basis and at the invitation of the EU Member States; stresses any such participation should provide added value to certain projects, and contribute to strengthening PESCO and the CSDP and to meeting more demanding commitments, subject to very strict conditions and on the basis of established and effective reciprocity;
Amendment 239 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 23
Paragraph 23
23. Highlights that maritime security and freedom of navigation, which must be ensured in accordance with international law and, in particular, the UNCLOS, are among the key challenges in the Indo- Pacific; calls for the EU tmore EU external action, in particular diplomatic efforts, to enhance the rule of law offshore and to also enhance maritime cooperation with countries in the Indo-Pacific byin that respect; welcomes also establishing systematic and coordinated frameworks, including joint exercises and port calls that would advance naval diplomacy and contribute to regional maritime security;
Amendment 246 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24
Paragraph 24
24. Calls for the EU and its Members States to step-up their own maritime capacities in the region in a coordinated way as regards very concrete challenges and in cooperation with relevant regional partners, including by exploring ways to ensure a permanent European naval presence in the Indian Ocean; stresses the need to increase the EU’s capacity as an effective maritime security provider and stresses the need to discuss and decide on a selection of most relevant and pressing challenges which can realistically be addressed with the help of the EU in close cooperation with partners in the region; highlights the fact that France is the only Member State with a permanent military presence in the Indian Ocean; welcomnotes the fact thatpolitical signalling by the Netherlands and Germany have sentby sending frigates to the region; underlines that more such naval missions will be needed in the future; welcomes the joint naval exercises that EUNAFOR Atalanta has thus far undertaken with partner countries, and calls for the EU to consider expanding its geographical scope deeper into the Indian Ocean; invites the EU to establish a maritime area of interest in the Indo- Pacific with a view to extending its Coordinated Maritime Presences concept, building on the Member States’ individual assets while focussing on a number of most relevant challenges for which the EU has the willingness and capability to address them in an effective manner;
Amendment 253 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24 a (new)
Paragraph 24 a (new)
24 a. Reminds that effective maritime security requires broader vision of maritime stability, taking into account onshore problems of corruption, rule of law, and economic and social exclusion, root causes for illegal fishing, piracy and the environmental impact of commercial and industrial maritime activities including fossil energy sources extraction; calls on the EU to address these in parallel to more traditional maritime security measures;
Amendment 257 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 26 a (new)
Paragraph 26 a (new)
26 a. Reminds that fisheries management contributes to the development of strategic landscape; calls on the EU to systematically include fisheries management on the agenda of maritime security dialogues with its Indo- Pacific partners;
Amendment 262 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 27
Paragraph 27
27. Underlines the importance of information and cybersecurity as an element of the critical infrastructure of the global economy and for protecting democracies from disinformation and malicious attacks; welcomes the focus on enhanced cooperation to combat information manipulation and interference in the joint communication for an EU’s strategy for Cooperation in the Indo-Pacific; proposes to establish an EU strategic communications hub for the Indo-Pacific region with dedicated staff and resources as part of an EU Delegation in the region;
Amendment 284 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading 7
Subheading 7
Amendment 293 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 31 a (new)
Paragraph 31 a (new)
31 a. Reminds that human trafficking remains a challenge across Indo-Pacific; calls on the EU to cooperate with regional partners in combating human trafficking, and to support them in implementation of UN Trafficking Protocol and regional initiatives such as the ASEAN Convention Against Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children;
Amendment 297 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 32
Paragraph 32
32. Highlights that the risk of proliferation of nuclear weapons and the rapid build-up and deployment of new technologically advanced nuclear capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region remain major regional and global security concerns; believes that the EU should coordinate with like-minded partners to engage in intensive diplomacy with China, in order to develop functional arms control, disarmament and non- proliferation architecture, and protect EU and international security interests;
Amendment 304 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 32 a (new)
Paragraph 32 a (new)
32 a. Reminds and supports the Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone (SEANWFZ Treaty) as a commitment to preserve the Southeast Asian region as a region free of nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction and in particular to advance nuclear disarmament;
Amendment 306 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 32 b (new)
Paragraph 32 b (new)
32 b. Notes with concerns the current modernisation and broadening of China’s nuclear arsenal, including hypersonic nuclear-capable missiles; calls on China to engage actively and in good faith in international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation negotiations; believes that the extension of the New START Treaty should provide the foundation for negotiations on a new arms control agreement that would encompass both deployed and non- deployed, as well as strategic and non- strategic, nuclear weapons; calls for dialogue with other nuclear-weapon countries and their involvement in negotiations on any new arms control agreement, especially China, in the light of its continued increase and modernisation of its nuclear arsenal;
Amendment 309 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 33
Paragraph 33
33. EReminds of the security risks associated with the consequences of climate change; encourages the EU’s partners in the Indo-Pacific to intensify their actions to tackle climate change in accordance with the Paris agreement and encourages the EU to support these partners in implementing climate change mitigation measures, and to increase their capacities in assessing, anticipating and managing climate-security risks;
Amendment 314 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 33 a (new)
Paragraph 33 a (new)
33 a. Calls on the EU to put climate and environmental security at the heart of its security cooperation in the Indo-Pacific, and fully implement EU Defence and Climate Roadmap in its engagement in the region;
Amendment 315 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 33 b (new)
Paragraph 33 b (new)
33 b. Welcomes the EU’s plan to reinforce its engagement with Indo- Pacific region on disasters and Member States’ willingness to contribute to humanitarian assistance and disaster relief capabilities; calls on the EU and its Indo-Pacific partners to making disaster prevention and resilience a priority and accelerating the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030;