64 Amendments of Christofer FJELLNER related to 2016/0382(COD)
Amendment 145 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 25
Recital 25
Amendment 186 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62
Recital 62
(62) The European Strategy for a low- carbon mobility of July 2016 pointed out that food-based biofuels have a limited role in decarbonising the transport sector and should be gradually phased out and replaced by advanced biofuels. To prepare for the transition towards advanced biofuels and minimise the overall indirect land-use change impacts, it is appropriate to reduce the amount of biofuels and bioliquids produced from food and feed crops that can be counted towards the Union target set out in this DirectiveHowever it should be recognized that it is not the feedstock which determines the sustainability and greenhouse gas reduction of biofuels. Therefor this directive should take a technology neutral approach while also preparing for the transition towards facilitating the deployment and use of advanced biofuels.
Amendment 205 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 64
Recital 64
(64) Advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non- biological origin, and renewable electricity in transport can contribute to low carbon emissions, stimulating the decarbonisation of the Union transport sector in a cost- effective manner, and improving inter alia energy diversification in the transport sector while promoting innovation, growth and jobs in the Union economy and reducing reliance on energy imports. The incorporation obligation on fuels suppliers should encourage continuous development of advanced fuels, including biofuels, and it is important to ensure that the incorporation obligation also incentivises improvements in the greenhouse gas performance of the fuels supplied to meet it. The Commission should assess the greenhouse gas performance, technical innovation and sustainability of those fuels.
Amendment 210 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 65
Recital 65
Amendment 253 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 76
Recital 76
(76) To ensure that, despite the growing demand for forest biomass, harvesting is carried out in a sustainable manner in forests where regeneration is ensured, that special attention is given to areas explicitly designated for the protection of biodiversity, landscapes and specific natural elements, that biodiversity resources are preserved and that carbon stocks are tracked, woody raw material should come only from forests that are harvested in accordance with the principles of sustainable forest management developed under international forest processes such as Forest Europe and are implemented through national laws or the best management practices at the forest holdingsupply base level. Operators should take the appropriate steps in order to minimise the risk of using unsustainable forest biomass for the production of bioenergy. To that end, operators should put in place a risk- based approach. In this context, it is apporopriate for the Commission together with the Standing Forestry Committee as established by Council Decision 89/367/EEC24, to develop operational guidance on the verification of compliance with the risk based approach, following the consultation of the Energy Union Governance Committee, and the Standing Forestry Committee established by Council Decision 89/367/EEC24. __________________ 24 Council Decision 89/367/EEC of 29 May 1989 setting up a Standing Forestry Committee (OJ L 165, 15.6.1989, p. 14).
Amendment 259 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 76 a (new)
Recital 76 a (new)
(76a) A 'risk-based approach' is carried out starting at country level. If requirements of a single criterion cannot be fulfilled by national and/or subnational legislation or monitoring systems, the information regarding that part should be provided at supply base level in order to reduce the risk of unsustainable forest biomass production.
Amendment 298 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 65
Recital 65
Amendment 304 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point g
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point g
(g) ‘biofuels’ means liquid or gaseous fuel for transport produced from biomass;
Amendment 329 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point e e
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point e e
(ee) ‘advanced biofuels’ means biofuels that are produced from feedstocks listed in part A of Annex IXbiomass which meet the sustainability criteria as set out in Article 26 of this Directive and which has a greenhouse gas reduction saving of 80%;
Amendment 339 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point f f
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point f f
Amendment 355 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point j j
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point j j
Amendment 364 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point m m
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point m m
(mm) ‘forest holding’ means one or more parcels of forest and other wooded land which constitute a single unit from the point of view of management or utilisationsupply base level’ means the geographical region from which the biomass originates;
Amendment 397 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 3 – paragraph 3
Article 3 – paragraph 3
3. From 1 January 2021 onwards, the share of energy from renewable sources in each Member State’s gross final consumption of energy shall not be lower than that shown in the third column of the table in part A of Annex I. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure compliance with this baseline. Member States shall be allowed to temporarily diverge from the baseline, provided that the Member State has a baseline of at least 40% and that compliance with baseline was not possible due to unforeseen circumstances.
Amendment 418 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 5 – paragraph 1
Article 5 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall open support for electricity generated from renewable sources to generators located in other Member States to which they are directly linked by interconnectors under the conditions laid down in this Article.
Amendment 424 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 5 – paragraph 2
Article 5 – paragraph 2
2. Member States shall ensure that support for at least 10% of the newly- supported capacity in each year between 2021 and 2025 and at least 15% of the newly-supported capacity in each year between 2026 and 2030 is open to installations located in other Member States to which they are directly linked by interconnectors.
Amendment 429 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
Amendment 429 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point e e
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point e e
(ee) ‘'advanced biofuels’' means biofuels that are produced from feedstocks listed in part A of Annex IX;biomass which meet the sustainability criteria as set out in Article 26 of this Directive and which has a greenhouse gas reduction saving of 80%.
Amendment 440 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point f f
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point f f
Amendment 465 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 2
Article 7 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 2
Amendment 474 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 3
Article 7 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 3
Amendment 498 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 3 – paragraph 3
Article 3 – paragraph 3
3. From 1 January 2021 onwards, the share of energy from renewable sources in each Member State's gross final consumption of energy shall not be lower than that shown in the third column of the table in part A of Annex I. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure compliance with this baseline. It should thus be recognized that Member States' ability to ensure compliance with this baseline might prevail due to unforeseen conditions. In such a scenario Member States shall be allowed to temporarily diverge from the baseline, provided that the Member State has a baseline of at least 40%.
Amendment 505 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 3
Article 19 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 3
Amendment 521 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 23 – paragraph 1
Article 23 – paragraph 1
1. In order to facilitate the penetration of renewable energy in the heating and cooling sector, each Member State shall endeavour to increase the share of renewable energy supplied for heating and cooling by at least 1 percentage point (pp) every year, expressed in terms of national share of final energy consumption and calculated according to the methodology set out in Article 7. The expected increase rate shall be outlined by Member States in their respective contribution to the overall 2030 target in accordance with Article 3 of this Directive.
Amendment 557 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
1. With effect from 1 January 2021, Member States shall require fuel suppliers to include a minimum share of energy from advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin, from waste-based fossil fuels and from renewable electricity in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year.
Amendment 570 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
The minimum share shall be at least equal to 1.5% in 2021, increasing up to at least 6.8% in 2030, following the trajectory set out in pPart B of Annex X. Within this total share, the contribution of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in part A of Annex IX shall be at least 0.5% of the transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market as of 1 January 2021, increasing up to at least 3.6% by 2030, following the trajectory set out in part C of Annex X.
Amendment 586 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
The greenhouse gas emission savings from the use of advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IXbiogas shall be at least 780% as of 1 January 2021.
Amendment 593 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point a
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point a
(a) for the calculation of the denominator, that is the energy content of road and rail transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market, petrol, diesel, natural gas, biofuels, biogas, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin, waste-based fossil fuels and electricity, shall be taken into account;
Amendment 608 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – subparagraph 1
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – subparagraph 1
(b) for the calculation of the numerator, the energy content of advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non- biological origin, waste based fossil fuels supplied to all transport sectors, and renewable electricity supplied to road vehicles, shall be taken into account.
Amendment 618 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – subparagraph 2
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – subparagraph 2
For the calculation of the numerator, the contribution from biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock included in part B of Annex IX shall be limited to 1.7% of the energy content of transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market and the contribution of fuels supplied in the aviation and maritime sector shall be considered to be 1.2 times their energy content.
Amendment 674 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 6
Article 25 – paragraph 6
6. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 32 to further specify the methodology referred to in paragraph 3(b) of this Article to determine the share of biofuel resulting from biomass being processed with fossil fuels in a common process, to specify the methodology for assessing greenhouse gas emission savings from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin and waste-based fossil fuels and to determine minimum greenhouse gas emission savings required for these fuels for the purpose of paragraph 1 of this Article.
Amendment 692 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
However, biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forest biomass from thinnings and biodiversity enhancing management activities, waste and residues, other than agricultural, aquaculture, fisheries and forestry residues, need only fulfil the greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria set out in paragraph 7 in order to be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of this paragraph. This provision shall also apply to waste and residues that are first processed into a product before being further processed into biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels.
Amendment 701 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Biomass fuels shall have to fulfil the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria set out in paragraphs 2 to 7 only if used in installations producing electricity, heating and cooling or fuels with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 MW in case of solid biomass fuels and with an electrical capacity equal to or exceeding 0.5 MW in case of gaseous biomass fuels. Member States may apply the sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria to installations with lower fuel capacity.
Amendment 738 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 4
Article 26 – paragraph 4
4. Biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from agricultural biomass taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 shall not be made from raw material obtained from land that was peatland in January 2008, unless evidence is provided that the cultivation and harvesting of raw material does not involve drainage of previously undrained soil.
Amendment 751 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point i
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point i
i) harvesting is carried out in accordance to the conditions of thea harvesting permit or equivalent procedure within legally gazetted boundaries;
Amendment 757 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point iii
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point iii
iii) areas of highdesignate by national law or by relevant competent national authorities, for nature conservation valuepurposes, including wetlands and peatlands, are protected;
Amendment 767 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point iv
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point iv
iv) the impacts of forest harvestingharvesting is carried out taking into account maintenance onf soil quality and biodiversity are minimised; and
Amendment 778 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point v
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point v
v) harvesting does not exceedmaintains or improves the long-term productionvity capacity of the forest at country level;
Amendment 783 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – introductory part
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – introductory part
(b) when evidence referred to in the first subparagraph is not available, the biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forest biomass shall be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 if management systems are in place at forest holding leveladditional information of legality and forest management practices are provided at the supply base to demonstrate minimization of risk of using unsustainable forest biomass, to ensure that:
Amendment 786 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – introductory part
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – introductory part
(b) when evidence referred to in the first subparagraph is not available, the biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forest biomass shall be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 if management systems or equivalent procedures are in place at forest holdingsupply based level to ensure that:
Amendment 794 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – point i
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – point i
i) the forest biomass has been harvested according to a legal permit or equivalent procedures within legally gazette boundaries;
Amendment 806 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – point iii
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – point iii
iii) areas of high conservation valuedesignated, by national law or by relevant competent national authorities, for nature protection purposes, including peatlands and wetlands, are identified and protected;
Amendment 818 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – point iv
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – point iv
iv) impacts ofduring forest harvesting on soil quality and biodiversity are minimised;
Amendment 825 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – point v
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – point v
v) harvesting does not exceed the long-term productionvity capacity of the forests in Member States.
Amendment 836 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 2
Article 26 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 2
When evidence referred to in the first subparagraph is not available, the biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forest biomass shall be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 if management systems are in place at forest holding level to ensure that carbon stocks and sinks levels in the forest are maintainedsupply base level to manage long-term carbon stocks.
Amendment 838 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 3
Article 19 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 3
Amendment 844 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 3
Article 26 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 3
Amendment 847 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 4
Article 26 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 4
Amendment 906 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 9
Article 26 – paragraph 9
9. For the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1, Member States shall not refuse to take into account, on other sustainability grounds, biomass fuels, biofuels and bioliquids obtained in compliance with this Article.
Amendment 910 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 10
Article 26 – paragraph 10
Amendment 929 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 27 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
Article 27 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
4. The Commission may decide that voluntary national or international schemes setting standards for the production of biomass products contain accurate data for the purposes of Article 26(7), and/or demonstrate that consignments of biofuels, bioliquids or biomass fuels comply with the sustainability criteria set out in Article 26(2), (3), (4), (5) and (6), and/or that no materials have been intentionally modified or discarded so that the consignment or part thereof would fall under Annex IX. When demonstrating that requirements set out in Article 26(5) and (6) for forest biomass are met, the operators may decide to directly provide the required evidence at the forest holdingsupply base level. The Commission may also recognise areas for the protection of rare, threatened or endangered ecosystems or species recognised by international agreements or included in lists drawn up by intergovernmental organisations or the International Union for the Conservation of Nature for the purposes of Article 26(2)(b)(ii).
Amendment 946 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 28 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 28 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. For the purposes of Article 26 (7), the greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuel, bioliquids and biomass fuels shall be calculated as followby applying one of the following methodologies:
Amendment 991 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 15
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 15
15. Emission saving from carbon capture and replacement or use, eccru, shall be related directly toof CO2 generated by the production of biofuel or bioliquid they are attributed to, and shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of CO2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used in the energy or transport sectorwhich is used for commercial purposes.
Amendment 1007 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 11 – subparagraph 3
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 11 – subparagraph 3
In accounting for the consumption of electricity not produced within the solid biomass fuel production plant, the greenhouse gas emission intensity of the production and distribution of that electricity shall be assumed to be equal to the fossil fuel comparator ECF(el) set out in paragraph 19 of this Annexaverage emission intensity of the production and distribution of electricity in a defined region. By derogation from this rule, producers may use an average value for an individual electricity production plant for electricity produced by that plant, if that plant is not connected to the electricity grid.51 __________________ 51 The solid biomass pathways consume and produce the same commodities at different stages of the supply chain. Using different values for electricity supply to solid biomass production plants and the fossil fuel comparator would assign artificial GHG savings to these pathways.
Amendment 1009 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 15
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 15
15. Emission saving from carbon capture and replacement or use, eccru, shall be related directly toof CO2 generated by the production of biomass fuel they are attributed to, and shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of CO2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used to replace fossil-derived CO2 used in the energy or transport sectorwhich is used for commercial purposes.
Amendment 1018 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX
Annex IX
Amendment 1033 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 23 – paragraph 1
Article 23 – paragraph 1
1. In order to facilitate the penetration of renewable energy in the heating and cooling sector, each Member State shall endeavour to increase the share of renewable energy supplied for heating and cooling by at least 1 percentage point (pp) every year, expressed in terms of national share of final energy consumption and calculated according to the methodology set out in Article 7. The expected increase rate shall be outlined by Member States in their respective contribution to the overall 2030 target in accordance with Article 3 of this Directive.
Amendment 1077 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex X – part A
Annex X – part A
Amendment 1096 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex X – Part B – title
Annex X – Part B – title
Part B: Minimum shares of energy from advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, renewable transport fuels of non-biological origin, waste-based fossil fuels and renewable electricity, as referred to in Article 25(1).
Amendment 1106 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex X – Part C
Annex X – Part C
Amendment 1162 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
With effect from 1 January 2021, Member States shall require fuel suppliers to include a minimum share of energy from advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin, from waste-based fossil fuels and from renewable electricity in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year.
Amendment 1179 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
The minimum share shall be at least equal to 1.5% in 2021, increasing up to at least 6.8% in 2030, following the trajectory set out in part B of Annex X. Within this total share, the contribution of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in part A of Annex IX shall be at least 0.5% of the transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market as of 1 January 2021, increasing up to at least 3.6% by 2030, following the trajectory set out in part C of Annex X.
Amendment 1184 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point a
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point a
(a) for the calculation of the denominator, that is the energy content of road and rail transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market, petrol, diesel, natural gas, biofuels, biogas, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin, waste-based fossil fuels and electricity, shall be taken into account;
Amendment 1196 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – paragraph 1
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – paragraph 1
for the calculation of the numerator, the energy content of advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non- biological origin, waste based fossil fuels supplied to all transport sectors, and renewable electricity supplied to road vehicles, shall be taken into account.
Amendment 1209 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – paragraph 2
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – paragraph 2
For the calculation of the numerator, the contribution from biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock included in part B of Annex IX shall be limited to 1.7% of the energy content of transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market and the contribution of fuels supplied in the aviation and maritime sector shall be considered to be 1.2 times their energy content.