Activities of Rebecca HARMS related to 2012/0190(COD)
Shadow reports (1)
REPORT on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 to define the modalities for reaching the 2020 target to reduce CO2 emissions from new passenger cars PDF (449 KB) DOC (622 KB)
Amendments (26)
Amendment 19 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 1 a (new)
Recital 1 a (new)
(1a) Introducing a further target of 60 CO2 g/km for 2025 is needed to ensure a predictable policy framework for car manufacturers in the framework of the necessary continued fuel efficiency improvement of cars beyond 2020, in line with the decarbonisation of the transport sector as part of the Union's climate objectives.
Amendment 23 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 2
Recital 2
(2) It is appropriate to clarify that for the purpose of verifying compliance with the target of 95gCO2/km, CO2 emissions should continue to be measured in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2007 on type approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information10 and its implementing measures and innovative technologies. However, studies carried out by the Commission have demonstrated that the test procedures used to measure CO2 emissions under that Regulation have not prevented an increased utilisation of flexibilities by manufacturers which has resulted in alleged CO2 emissions reductions that are not attributed to technological improvements and cannot be achieved in real driving on the road. Therefore, Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 should be reviewed as a matter of urgency in order to ensure that test procedures reflect adequately the real CO2 emissions behaviour of cars.
Amendment 30 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 3
Recital 3
(3) In recognition of the high research and development and unit production costs of early generations of ultra-low carbon vehicles it is appropriate to accelerate and facilitate, on an interim basis and to a limited extent, the process of their introduction into the Union market at their initial stages of commercialization through accounting such vehicles as having zero emissions until 2025.
Amendment 32 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 3 a (new)
Recital 3 a (new)
(3a) Whilst the use of certain alternative fuels can offer significant CO2 reductions in a life-cycle perspective, it has been recognised that the CO2 emissions arising from the production of such alternative fuels can be higher than those of conventional fuels. The upstream emissions of all vehicles, including alternative-fuelled vehicles, should therefore be considered as their market share increases. For the period beyond 2025 the Commission should therefore introduce metrics that take into account upstream greenhouse gas emissions.
Amendment 51 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 8
Recital 8
(8) The Regulation requires the Commission to carry out an impact assessment in order to review the test procedures to reflect adequately the real CO2 emissions behaviour of cars. This work is proceeding through the development of a World Light Duty Test procedure (WLTP) in the framework of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe but, which should be integrated, after its not yet complete. In view of thiscompletion, into Union law. When integrating it into Union law, the Commission should consider the need to supplement the WLTP by additional provisions, in particular as regards implementation of this Regulation, in order to ensure that test procedures reflect adequately the emissions generated by real driving on the road. Pending the completion of the WLTP, Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 establishes emission limits for 2020 as measured according to Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 and Annex XII to Regulation (EC) No 692/2008. When the test procedures are amended, the limits set in Annex I should be adjusted to ensure comparable stringency for manufacturers and classes of vehicles.
Amendment 56 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 8 a (new)
Recital 8 a (new)
(8a) In order to provide a sufficient incentive to introduce improvements reducing specific emissions of CO2 from passenger cars, the excess emissions premium should be adjusted to reflect technological costs and likely upper marginal costs of compliance with this Regulation.
Amendment 59 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 12
Recital 12
(12) The power to adopt acts in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union should be delegated to the Commission in order to supplement the rules on derogations from the specific emissions targets, to amend data requirements for the purpose of monitoring of CO2 emissions and to adjust the formulae for calculating the specific CO2 emissions in Annex I to changes in the vehicle mass and footprint value and the regulatory test procedure for the measurement of specific CO2 emissions referred to in Regulation (EC) No 715/2007. It is of particular importance that the Commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work, including at expert level. The Commission, when preparing and drawing up delegated acts, should ensure a simultaneous, timely and appropriate transmission of relevant documents to the European Parliament and to the Council.
Amendment 64 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 14
Recital 14
(14) The Commission has assessed the availability of footprint data and its use as the utility parameter in the formulae in Annex I. This data is available and its potential use has been assessed in the impact assessment, on the basis of that assessment it is concluded that the utility parameter used in the formula for 2020 should be mass. Nevertheless, the lower cost and merits of a change to footprint. In addition, on the basis of the lower cost, in particular, mass as the utility parameter should be considered in the future reviewreplaced by footprint.
Amendment 67 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 1
Article 1 – point 1
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 1 – paragraph 2
Article 1 – paragraph 2
From 2020 onwards, this Regulation sets a target of 9580 g CO2/km as average emissions for the new car fleet as measured in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 and Annex XII to Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 and its implementing measures, and innovative technologies.
Amendment 70 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 1 a (new)
Article 1 – point 1 a (new)
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 1 – paragraph 2 a (new)
Article 1 – paragraph 2 a (new)
(1a) In Article 1, the following paragraph is added: „From 2025, this Regulation sets a target of 60 g CO2/km as average emissions for the new car fleet as measured in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 and its implementing measures and Annex XII to Regulation (EC) No 692/2008.”
Amendment 90 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 4
Article 1 – point 4
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 5a
Article 5a
Amendment 116 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 4 a (new)
Article 1 – point 4 a (new)
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 8 – paragraph 4 a (new)
Article 8 – paragraph 4 a (new)
(4a) In Article 8, the following paragraph is inserted: "4a. Where as a result of the verification of the conformity of production, a Member State, in accordance with Article 12(3) of Directive 2007/46/EC, establishes that the CO2 emissions for a production vehicle deviate significantly from the approved type, that deviation shall be reported to the Commission together with the detailed data specified in Annex II to this Regulation. The specific emissions of CO2 for the vehicle type for which a deviation has been established shall be adjusted accordingly in the calculation of the average specific emissions of CO2 in the following calendar year."
Amendment 117 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 4 b (new)
Article 1 – point 4 b (new)
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 8 – paragraph 4 b (new)
Article 8 – paragraph 4 b (new)
(4b) In Article 8, the following paragraph is inserted: "4b. The Commission shall monitor real reported CO2 emission values by vehicle type and manufacturer on the basis of the best available sources of information and shall publish in its annual monitoring reports how those values compare with type approval values.”
Amendment 120 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 5 a (new)
Article 1 – point 5 a (new)
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 9 – paragraph 2 – point b
Article 9 – paragraph 2 – point b
(5a) In Article 9(2), point (b) is replaced by the following: „From 2009: (Excess emissions × EUR 130/g CO2/km) × number of new passenger cars.
Amendment 122 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 7 – point a a (new)
Article 1 – point 7 – point a a (new)
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 11 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
Article 11 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
(aa) In paragraph 4, the first subparagraph is replaced by the following: "An application for a derogation from the specific emissions target calculated in accordance with Annex I may be made by a manufacturer which is responsible, together with all of its connected undertakings, for between 10 000 and 100 000 new passenger cars registered in the Union per calendar year."
Amendment 123 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 7 – point c a (new)
Article 1 – point 7 – point c a (new)
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 11 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 2 – point c a (new)
Article 11 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 2 – point c a (new)
Amendment 133 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 10 – point a a (new)
Article 1 – point 10 – point a a (new)
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 13 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1a (new)
Article 13 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1a (new)
(aa) In paragraph 3, the following subparagraph is added: "With a view to ensuring that real world emissions are adequately reflected and measured CO2 values are strictly comparable, the Commission shall, in accordance with Article 14(3) of Regulation (EC) No 715/2007, ensure that those elements in the testing procedure that have a significant influence on measured CO2 emissions are strictly defined in order to prevent the utilisation of test cycle flexibilities by manufacturers. Where variation is permitted in any of the factors within the overall testing procedure that influence the measured CO2 emissions, the Commission shall ensure that that it incorporates an adjustment calculation for each of those variables in the test procedures, which shall be used to adjust the measured values so as to compensate for the variation in the factors and so normalise measured emissions."
Amendment 134 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 10 – point a b (new)
Article 1 – point 10 – point a b (new)
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 13 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1b (new)
Article 13 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1b (new)
(ab) In paragraph 3, the following subparagraph is added: "For the purpose of verifying that the CO2 emissions of production vehicles conform to the values of the approved type, it shall be ensured that the aerodynamic and rolling resistance values are obtained from the vehicle for which conformity of production is being verified."
Amendment 135 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 10 – point b
Article 1 – point 10 – point b
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 13 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 2
Article 13 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 2
Amendment 138 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 10 – point b a (new)
Article 1 – point 10 – point b a (new)
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 13 – paragraph 3 a (new)
Article 13 – paragraph 3 a (new)
(ba) The following paragraph 3a is inserted: "(3a) The Commission shall consider the benefit of ensuring that type approval CO2 values include emissions resulting from the use of the main energy using devices of the vehicle and, if appropriate, make proposals for this to take effect in the period beyond 2020."
Amendment 140 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 10 – point c
Article 1 – point 10 – point c
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Article 13 – paragraph 5
Article 13 – paragraph 5
5. By 31 December 2014, the Commission shall review thecarry out a detailed study of the 60g CO2/km target for 2025, including specific emissions targets, modalities and other aspects of this Regulation in order to establish the CO2 emission targets for new passenger cars for the period beyond 2020ascertain whether the target proves to be appropriate or if a lower target is justified in light of the use of low-emission technologies and their uptake or changes in climate policy objectives. As part of that study, the Commission shall report on upstream emissions of passenger vehicles and may, as appropriate, make proposals as to how such emissions should be taken into account under this Regulation.
Amendment 156 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 13
Article 1 – point 13
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Annex I – point 1 – point c – formula
Annex I – point 1 – point c – formula
Specific emissions of CO2 = 9580 + a × (MF – M F0)
Amendment 160 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 13
Article 1 – point 13
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Annex I – point 1 – point c – definition of the value "M"
Annex I – point 1 – point c – definition of the value "M"
Amendment 163 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 13
Article 1 – point 13
Amendment 166 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 13
Article 1 – point 13
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Annex I – point 1 – point c – value of letter "a" in the formula
Annex I – point 1 – point c – value of letter "a" in the formula
a = 0,0333.17,6
Amendment 174 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – point 13 a (new)
Article 1 – point 13 a (new)
Regulation 2009/443/EC
Annex I – point 1 – point ca (new)
Annex I – point 1 – point ca (new)
(13a) In point 1 of Annex I, the following point is added: "(ca) From 2025: Specific emissions of CO2 = 60 + a × (F – F0) Where: F = footprint of the vehicle in square meters (m2) F 0 = the value adopted pursuant to Article 13(2) a = slope corresponding to 60%."