15 Amendments of Liisa JAAKONSAARI related to 2017/0225(COD)
Amendment 55 #
(3) Increased digitisation and connectivity lead to increased cybersecurity risks, thus making society at large more vulnerable to cyber threats and exacerbating dangers faced by individuals, including vulnerable persons such as children. The transformative power of Artificial Intelligence and machine learning will be harnessed by society at large, but also by cyber criminals. In order to mitigate thisese risks to society, all necessary actions need to be taken to improve cybersecurity in the EU to better protect network and information systems, telecommunication networks, digital products, services and devices used by citizens, governments and business – from SMEs to operators of critical infrastructures – from cyber threats.
Amendment 69 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 28
Recital 28
(28) The Agency should contribute towards raising the awareness of the public about risks related to cybersecurity and provide guidance on good practices for individual users aimed at citizens and organisations. The Agency should also contribute to promote best practices and solutions at the level of individuals and organisations by collecting and analysing publicly available information regarding significant incidents, and by compiling reports with a view to providing guidance to businesses and citizens and improving the overall level of preparedness and resilience. The Agency should furthermore organise, in cooperation with the Member States and the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies regular outreach and public education campaigns directed to end-users, aiming at promoting safer individual online behaviour and raising awareness of potential threats in cyberspace, including cybercrimes such as phishing attacks, ransomware attacks, hijacking, botnets, financial and banking fraud, as well as promoting basic authentication and data protection advice. The Agency should play a central role in accelerating end-user awareness on security of devices.
Amendment 70 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 28 a (new)
Recital 28 a (new)
(28a) The Agency should promote mainstreaming the security by design principle, which is paramount to improving the security of connected devices. Security by design is especially important for devices targeted at vulnerable end-users, such as children.
Amendment 73 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 35
Recital 35
(35) The Agency should encourage Member States and service providers to raise their general security standards so that all internet users can take the necessary steps to ensure their own personal cybersecurity. In particular, service providers and product manufacturers should withdraw or recycle products and services that do not meet cybersecurity standards. In cooperation with competent authorities, ENISA may disseminate information regarding the level of cybersecurity of the products and services offered in the internal market, and issue warnings targeting providers and manufacturers and requiring them to improve the security, including cybersecurity, of their products and services. Any providers or manufacturers receiving a warning regarding the level of cybersecurity of their products should be made public on a dedicated portal.
Amendment 85 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 47
Recital 47
(47) Conformity assessment is the process demonstrating whether specified requirements relating to a product, process, service, system, person or body have been fulfilled. For the purposes of this Regulation, certification should be considered as a type of conformity assessment regarding the cybersecurity features of a product, process, service, system, or a combination of those (“ICT products and services”) by an independent third party, other than the product manufacturer or service provider. Certification cannot guarantee per se that certified ICT products and services are cyber secure and the end user should be made aware of it. It is rather a procedure and technical methodology to attest that ICT products and services have been tested and that they comply with certain cybersecurity requirements laid down elsewhere, for example as specified in technical standards.
Amendment 98 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 55
Recital 55
(55) The purpose of European cybersecurity certification schemes should be to ensure that ICT products and services certified under such a scheme comply with specified requirements. Such requirements concern the ability to resist, at a given level of assurance, actions that aim to compromise the availability, authenticity, integrity and confidentiality of stored or transmitted or processed data or the related functions of or services offered by, or accessible via those products, processes, services and systems within the meaning of this Regulation. It is not possible to set out in detail in this Regulation the cybersecurity requirements relating to all ICT products and services. ICT products and services and related cybersecurity needs are so diverse that it is very difficult to come up with general cybersecurity requirements valid across the board. It is, therefore necessary to adopt a broad and general notion of cybersecurity for the purpose of certification, complemented by a set of specific cybersecurity objectives that need to be taken into account when designing European cybersecurity certification schemes. The modalities with which such objectives will be achieved in specific ICT products and services should then be further specified in detail at the level of the individual certification scheme adopted by the Commission, for example by reference to standards or technical specifications. Where the certification scheme provides for marks or labels, the conditions under which such marks or labels may be used have to be outlined; The marks and labels must be clear and easily understandable for the end-user.
Amendment 105 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 56
Recital 56
(56) The Commission should be empowered to request ENISA to prepare candidate schemes for specific ICT products or services. The Commission, based on the candidate scheme proposed by ENISA, should then be empowered to adopt the European cybersecurity certification scheme by means of implementing acts. Taking account of the general purpose and security objectives identified in this Regulation, European cybersecurity certification schemes adopted by the Commission should specify a minimum set of elements concerning the subject-matter, the scope and functioning of the individual scheme. These should include among others the scope and object of the cybersecurity certification, including the categories of ICT products and services covered, the detailed specification of the cybersecurity requirements, for example by reference to standards or technical specifications, the specific evaluation criteria and evaluation methods, as well as the intended level of assurance: basic, substantial and/or high. Schemes providing for marks or labels could be an incentive for businesses to achieve best-practice in security.
Amendment 191 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 1 – point d
Article 9 – paragraph 1 – point d
(d) pool, organise and make available to the public, through a dedicated portal, information on cybersecurity, provided by the Union institutions, agencies and bodies, including information about significant cybersecurity incidents, major data breaches, and information on any providers or manufacturers who have received a warning from ENISA regarding the level of cybersecurity of their products;
Amendment 233 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 44 – paragraph 2
Article 44 – paragraph 2
2. When preparing candidate schemes referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, ENISA shall consult all relevant stakeholders and closely cooperate with the Group. The Group shall provide ENISA with the assistance and expert advice required by ENISA in relation to the preparation of the candidate scheme, including by providing opinions where necessary. ENISA shall ensure the participation of Member States’ representatives and all important parties concerned with the ICT product group or service in question. This includes parties along the value chains, such as trade unions, traders, retailers, importers, conformity assessment bodies, end-users and others. Business stakeholders including, but not limited to: manufacturers, cybersecurity solution providers, system integrators, security practitioners and asset owners, shall also be involved.
Amendment 239 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 44 – paragraph 2
Article 44 – paragraph 2
2. When preparing candidate schemes referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, ENISA shall consult all relevant stakeholders, including the relevant civil society representatives such as consumer organisations, and closely cooperate with the Group. The Group shall provide ENISA with the assistance and expert advice required by ENISA in relation to the preparation of the candidate scheme, including by providing opinions where necessary.
Amendment 245 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 44 – paragraph 2 a (new)
Article 44 – paragraph 2 a (new)
2a. ENISA shall seek to align any candidate cybersecurity certification scheme, prepared pursuant to paragraph 1 of this Article, with relevant internationally recognised standards to the greatest extent possible.
Amendment 275 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 45 – paragraph 1 – point g a (new)
Article 45 – paragraph 1 – point g a (new)
(ga) ensure that ICT products and services are developed according to the principle of ‘security by design’, following a risk-based approach depending on the context and severity of the situation as defined in Article 46.
Amendment 307 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 46 – paragraph 2 – point c
Article 46 – paragraph 2 – point c
(c) assurance level high shall refer to a certificate issued in the context of a European cybersecurity certification scheme, which provides a higher degree of confidence in the claimed or asserted cybersecurity qualities of an ICT product or service than certificates with the assurance level substantial, and is characterised with reference to technical specifications, standards and procedures related thereto, including technical controls, the purpose of which is to prevent cybersecurity incidents. This assurance level must not suggest absolute security, so as not to mislead the end-user.
Amendment 339 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 47 – paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
Article 47 – paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
(ha) The certification scheme shall specify the conditions for recertification or assessment of a product or service. This is of particular importance for software services possessing continuous security and update features, such as patches, for which a rapid assessment or re-certification is necessary in order to avoid detrimental impacts on that product or service’s overall security.
Amendment 437 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 53 – paragraph 3 – point f a (new)
Article 53 – paragraph 3 – point f a (new)
(fa) to facilitate the alignment of European cybersecurity certification schemes with internationally recognised standards, including by: i) on an ongoing basis, reviewing existing European cybersecurity certification schemes to identify areas in which such schemes should be updated or modified to align with internationally recognised standards; ii) when appropriate, making recommendations to ENISA on areas where it should undertake engagement with relevant international standardisation organisations to address insufficiencies or gaps in available internationally recognised standards;