45 Amendments of Bas EICKHOUT related to 2015/0148(COD)
Amendment 90 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 2 a (new)
Recital 2 a (new)
(2a) The ultimate objective of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is to stabilise greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The Paris Agreement on Climate Change (the “Paris Agreement”), approved at the 21st conference of the parties (COP-21) to the UNFCCC, marks a new level of global commitment to limit and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, with all countries engaging in the efforts. The Paris Agreement set to strengthen the global response by holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C. The Paris Agreement also aims to achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century, on the basis of equity.
Amendment 93 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 3
Recital 3
(3) The European Council confirmed that a well-functioning, reformed EU ETS with an instrument to stabilise the market will be the main European instrument to achieve this target, withreformed EU ETS needs to set an annual reduction factor of 2.28% from 2021 onwards, free allocation not expiring but existing measures continuing after 2020 and revise measures to prevent the risk of carbon leakage due to climate policy, as long as no comparable efforts are undertaken in other major economies, without reducird countries or subnational regions, increasing the share of allowances to be auctioned. The auction share should be expressed as a minimum percentage figure in the legislation, to enhance planning certainty as regards investment decisions, to increase transparency and to render the overall system simpler and more easily understandable.
Amendment 99 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 3 b (new)
Recital 3 b (new)
(3b) In order to enhance ambition in the pre-2020 period and to reflect the well below 2°C global objective, the Union 2020 greenhouse reduction target of 20% below 1990 levels should be achieved with Union efforts solely. An amount of allowances up to the level of international credits (Certified Emission Reductions from the Clean Development Mechanism and Emission Reduction Units from Joint Implementation) that have been used in the EU ETS should be cancelled from the Market Stability Reserve.
Amendment 102 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 3 d (new)
Recital 3 d (new)
(3d) Parties to the UNFCCC requested the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to prepare a special report in 2018 on the 1.5°C objective, and decided to organise a facilitative dialogue to take stock of the collective ambition and progress in implementing commitments, with a view to informing Parties before their final submissions of Nationally Determined Contributions. The Paris Agreement also provides for a periodical stocktake of the implementation to assess the collective progress made towards the agreement's long-term goals, starting in 2023 and occurring every five years thereafter. The EU ETS should provide for regular reviews in order to update and enhance the Union's climate action in a manner that is consistent with the Paris Agreement.
Amendment 103 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 3 e (new)
Recital 3 e (new)
(3e) Least Developed Countries (LDCs) are especially vulnerable to the effects of climate change, and are responsible only for very low levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, particular priority should be given to addressing the needs of LDCs through the use of EU ETS allowances to fund climate action, in particular adaptation to the impacts of climate change through the Green Climate Fund.
Amendment 148 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 9
Recital 9
(9) Member States should be allowed to partially compensate, in accordance with state aid rules, certain installations in sectors or sub- sectors which have been determined to be exposed to a significant risk of carbon leakage because of costs related to greenhouse gas emissions passed on in electricity prices. The Protocol and accompanying decisions adopted by the Conference of the Parties in Paris need to provide for the dynamic mobilisation of climate finance, technology transfer and capacity building for eligible Parties, particularly those with least capabilities. Public sector climate finance will continue to play an important role in mobilising resources after 2020. Therefore, auction revenues should also be used for climate financing actions in vulnerable third countries, including adaptation to the impacts of climate. The amount of climate finance to be mobilised will also depend on the ambition and quality of the proposed Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs), subsequent investment plans and national adaptation planning processes. Member States should also use auction revenues to promote skill formation and reallocation of labour affected by the transition of jobs in a decarbonising economy.
Amendment 156 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 11
Recital 11
(11) A Modernisation Fund should be established from 23% of the total EU ETS allowances, and auctioned in accordance with the rules and modalities for auctions taking place on the Common Auction Platform set out in Regulation 1031/2010. Member States who in 2013 had a GDP per capita at market exchange rates of below 60% below the Union average should be eligible for funding from the Modernisation Fund and derogate up to 2030 from the principle of full auctioning for electricity generation by using the option of free allocation in order to transparently promote real investments modernising their energy sector while avoiding distortions of the internal energy market. The rules for governing the Modernisation Fund should provide a coherent, comprehensive and transparent framework to ensure the most efficient implementation possible, taking into account the need for easy access by all participants. The function of the governance structure should be commensurate with the purpose of ensuring the appropriate use of the funds. That governance structure should be composed of an investment board and a management committee and due account should be taken of the expertise of the EIB in the decision-making process unless support is provided to small projects through loans from a national promotional banks or through grants via a national programme sharing the objectives of the Modernisation Fund. Investments financed from the fund should be proposed by the Member States. To ensure that the investment needs in low income Member States are adequately addressed, the distribution of funds will take into account in equal shares verified emissions and GDP criteria. The financial assistance from the Modernisation Fund could be provided through different forms.
Amendment 163 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 12
Recital 12
Amendment 172 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 13 a (new)
Recital 13 a (new)
Amendment 178 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point -1 (new)
Article 1 – point -1 (new)
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 2 – paragraph 1
Article 2 – paragraph 1
(-1) In Article 2, paragraph 1 is replaced by the following: '1. This Directive shall apply to emissions from the activities listed in Annex I and greenhouse gases listed in Annex II. Emissions from maritime transport shall be covered by the scope of this Directive as set out in Chapter IVa.'
Amendment 185 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point -1 f (new)
Article 1 – point -1 f (new)
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 3 a – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 3 a – paragraph 1 a (new)
(-1f) In Article 3a the following paragraph is added: 'For flights which depart to or arrive from an aerodrome situated outside the territory of a Member State to which the TFEU applies 50% of emissions shall be covered by the scope of this Directive.'
Amendment 192 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 1
Article 1 – point 1
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 3 d
Article 3 d
Amendment 199 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 1 b (new)
Article 1 – point 1 b (new)
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 3 e
Article 3 e
Amendment 206 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 2 c (new)
Article 1 – point 2 c (new)
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 6 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3 a (new)
Article 6 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3 a (new)
(2c) In Article 6(1), the following fourth subparagraph is added: 'The competent authority shall cancel greenhouse gas emissions permits for electricity-generating installations with a capacity of 50 megawatts or more that have emissions of more than 550 g CO2/kWh of electrical output as of 1 January 2021.'
Amendment 207 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 2 d (new)
Article 1 – point 2 d (new)
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 6 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3 b (new)
Article 6 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3 b (new)
(2d) In Article 6 (1), the following fifth subparagraph is added: 'The competent authority shall cancel greenhouse gas emissions permits for electricity-generating installations with a capacity of 50 megawatts or more that have emissions of over 150 g CO2/kWh of electrical output as of 1 January 2030.'
Amendment 214 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 3
Article 1 – point 3
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 9 – paragraphs 2 and 3
Article 9 – paragraphs 2 and 3
Starting in 2021, the linear factor shall be 2.2%8% beginning from the allocation for 2020 or annual verified emissions of 2020, whichever is the lower.
Amendment 234 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 4 – point a
Article 1 – point 4 – point a
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
From 2021 onwards, the share of allowances to be auctioned by Member States shall be 57% increasing in a linear manner with a view to reach 100% auctioning by 2035.
Amendment 246 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 4 – point a
Article 1 – point 4 – point a
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Amendment 255 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 4 – point a
Article 1 – point 4 – point a
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3 a (new)
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3 a (new)
An additional 2% of the total quantity of allowances between 2021 and 2030 shall be auctioned to finance climate action in Least Developed Countries, in particular for adaptation to the impacts of climate change, through the United Nations Green Climate Fund.
Amendment 268 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 4 – point b b (new)
Article 1 – point 4 – point b b (new)
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
Article 10 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
(bb) In paragraph 3, the introductory part is replaced by the following: '3. Member States shall determine the use of revenues generated from the auctioning of allowances. At least 50 % of the revenues generated from the auctioning of allowances referred to in paragraph 2, including all revenues from the auctioning referred to in paragraph 2, points (b) and (c), or the equivalent in financial value of these revenues, shouldall be used for financing climate action in vulnerable developing countries, including to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and to adaptation to the impact of climate change. The rest shall be used for one or more of the following:'
Amendment 277 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 4 – point c
Article 1 – point 4 – point c
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10 – paragraph 3 – point j
Article 10 – paragraph 3 – point j
Amendment 301 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 5 – point a
Article 1 – point 5 – point a
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10a – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 10a – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
The Commission ishall be empowered to adopt a delegated act in accordance with Article 23. This act shall also to supplement this Directive by provideing for additional allocation from the new entrants reserve for significant production increases by applying the same thresholds and allocation adjustments as apply in respect of partial cessations of operationchanges. They shall, in particular, provide that any 15% increase or decrease in production expressed as a rolling average of verified production data for the two preceding years compared to the production activity reported in accordance with Article 11 is adjusted with a corresponding amount of allowances by placing allowances into, and releasing them from, the reserve referred to in paragraph 7.
Amendment 353 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 5 – point b
Article 1 – point 5 – point b
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10a – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 3 – point ii a (new)
Article 10a – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 3 – point ii a (new)
(iia) By way of derogation regarding the benchmark values for grey cement clinker and white cement clinker, those benchmark values shall be replaced by a product benchmark for cement based on the clinker to cement ratio in the period between 2007 and 2008 and adjusted by the applicable percentage in accordance with this paragraph.
Amendment 378 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 5 – point d
Article 1 – point 5 – point d
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10a – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1
Article 10a – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1
Amendment 393 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 5 – point e – point i
Article 1 – point 5 – point e – point i
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10a – paragraph 7 – subparagraph 1
Article 10a – paragraph 7 – subparagraph 1
Amendment 409 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 5 – point f
Article 1 – point 5 – point f
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10a – paragraph 8 – subparagraph 1
Article 10a – paragraph 8 – subparagraph 1
Amendment 427 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 5 – point f
Article 1 – point 5 – point f
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10a – paragraph 8 – subparagraph 2
Article 10a – paragraph 8 – subparagraph 2
The allowances shall be made available for innovation in low-carbon industrial products, technologies and processes and support for demonstration projects for the development of a wide range of CCS and innovative renewable energy technologies that are not yet commercially viable in geographically balanced locations. Eligible low-carbon industrial projects shall contribute to emission reductions of at least 20% below the benchmark as set out in paragraph 2. In order to promote innovative projects, up to 60% of the relevant costs of projects may be supported, out of which up to 40% may not be dependent on verified avoidance of greenhouse gas emissions provided that pre-determined milestones are attained taking into account the technology deployed.
Amendment 441 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 5 – point f
Article 1 – point 5 – point f
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10a – paragraph 8 – subparagraph 3
Article 10a – paragraph 8 – subparagraph 3
In addition, 50 million unallocated allowances from the market stability reserve established by Decision (EU) 2015/…1814 shall supplement any existing resources remaining under this paragraph for projects referred to abovein subparagraphs 1 and 2, with projects in all Member States including small-scale projects, beforefrom 20218. Projects shall be selected on the basis of objective and transparent criteria that include requirements for knowledge- sharing.
Amendment 451 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 6
Article 1 – point 6
Directive 2003/87/EC
Articles 10b and 10c
Articles 10b and 10c
(6) Articles 10b and 10c are replaced by the following: 1. Sectors and sub-sectors wherein which the product exceeds 0.22,5 from multiplying their intensity of trade with third countries, defined as the ratio between the total value of exports to third countries or subnational regions that are not implementing comparable carbon pricing or other measures in relation to the sector or subsector concerned plus the value of imports from third countries or subnational regions and the total market size for the European Economic Area (annual turnover plus total imports from third countries) that are not implementing comparable carbon pricing or other measures in relation to the sector or subsector concerned, by their emission intensity, measured in kgCO2 divided by their gross value added (in €EUR), shall be deemed to be at risk of carbon leakage. Such sectors and sub-sectors shall be allocated allowances free of charge for the period up to 2030 at 1090% of the quantity determined in accordance with the measures adopted pursuant to Article 10a. Sectors and sub-sectors in which the product is below 2,5 but above 1.0 shall be deemed to be at medium risk of carbon leakage. Such sectors and sub-sectors shall be allocated allowances free of charge for the period up to 2030 at 60% of that quantity. Sectors and sub-sectors in which the product is below 1,0 but above 0,2 shall be deemed to be at low risk of carbon leakage. Such sectors and sub-sectors shall be allocated allowances free of charge for the period up to 2030 at 30% of that quantity.
Amendment 459 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 6
Article 1 – point 6
Directive 2003/87/EC
Articles 10b – paragraph 1a (new)
Articles 10b – paragraph 1a (new)
1a. Other sectors and sub-sectors are considered to be able to pass on more of the cost of allowances in product prices, and shall be allocated no allowances free of charge.
Amendment 465 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 6
Article 1 – point 6
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10b – paragraph 2
Article 10b – paragraph 2
Amendment 490 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 6
Article 1 – point 6
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10b – paragraph 3
Article 10b – paragraph 3
Amendment 514 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 6
Article 1 – point 6
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10b a (new)
Article 10b a (new)
Amendment 595 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 7
Article 1 – point 7
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10d – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 10d – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
The investments supported shall be consistent with the Union's long-term climate and energy goals, with the aims of this Directive and the European Fund for Strategic Investments, as well as with Annex I of the European Investment Bank Climate Strategy. The fund shall not support energy generation from coal.
Amendment 607 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 7
Article 1 – point 7
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10d – paragraph 3
Article 10d – paragraph 3
Amendment 621 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 7
Article 1 – point 7
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 10d – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
Article 10d – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
The fund shall be governed by an investment board and a management committee, which shall be composed of representatives from the beneficiaryall the Member States, the Commission, the EIB and three representatives elected by the other Member States and the EIB for a period of 5 years. The investment board shall be responsible to determine a Union- level investment policy, appropriate financing instruments and investment selection criteria. The management committee shall be responsible for the day- to-day management of the fund.
Amendment 669 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 10 a (new)
Article 1 – point 10 a (new)
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 12 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1 a (new)
Article 12 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1 a (new)
(10a) In Article 12, a new subparagraph is added to paragraph 3 as follows: 'By way of derogation, electricity generators shall surrender a number of allowances twice the total emissions from that installation during the preceding calendar year as verified in accordance with Article 15.'
Amendment 675 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 11
Article 1 – point 11
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 13 – subparagraph 1a (new)
Article 13 – subparagraph 1a (new)
A number of allowances in the MSR equal to the number of international credits that have been used in the EU ETS shall not be valid after 2020.
Amendment 695 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 22
Article 1 – point 22
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 25a – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 25a – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Where necessary, the Commission may adopt amendmentssubmit a legislative proposal to the European Parliament and Council to provide for flights arriving from the third country concerned to be excluded from the aviation activities listed in Annex I or to provide for any other amendments to the aviation activities listed in Annex I which are required by an agreement pursuant to the fourth subparagraph. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt such amendments in accordance with Article 23with that third country.
Amendment 714 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 22 f (new)
Article 1 – point 22 f (new)
Directive 2003/87/EC
Article 30 a (new)
Article 30 a (new)
(22f) The following Article is inserted: 'Article 30a Adjustments upon global stocktake under the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement Within six months of the facilitative dialogue to be convened under the UNFCCC in 2018 to take stock of the collective efforts of Parties in relation to progress towards the global long-term goal, and within six months of the global stocktake in 2023 and subsequent global stocktakes thereafter, the Commission shall submit a report assessing the need to update the carbon leakage provisions and to enhance the Union's climate action. The report shall be accompanied by legislative proposals, as appropriate. In its report, the Commission shall assess in particular the appropriate increase of the linear factor referred to in Article 9, the development of carbon pricing mechanisms outside the Union and the evidence of cost-pass through, as well as the necessity for additional policies and measures enhancing the greenhouse gas reduction commitments of the Union and of Member States.'
Amendment 716 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 22 g (new)
Article 1 – point 22 g (new)
Directive 2003/87/EC
Chapter IV a (new)
Chapter IV a (new)
Amendment 721 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 24
Article 1 – point 24
Directive 2003/87/EC
Annex IIb
Annex IIb
(24) Annex IIb is amended in accordance with the Annex II to this Directivedeleted.
Amendment 723 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 25 a (new)
Article 1 – point 25 a (new)
Directive 2003/87/EC
Annex IV – part A – subheading 2 – subparagraph 4
Annex IV – part A – subheading 2 – subparagraph 4
(25a) In Annex IV, part A, subheading 2, subparagraph 4 is replaced by the following: 'Accepted emission factors shall be used. Activity-specific emission factors are acceptable for all fuels. Default factors are acceptable for all fuels except non- commercial ones (waste fuels such as tyres and industrial process gases). Seam- specific defaults for coal, and EU-specific or producer country-specific defaults for natural gas shall be further elaborated. IPCC default values are acceptable for refinery products. The emission factor for biomass waste and residues shall be zero.'
Amendment 725 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 25 b (new)
Article 1 – point 25 b (new)
Directive 2003/87/EC
Annex IV – part B – subheading 1 – subparagraph 5
Annex IV – part B – subheading 1 – subparagraph 5
(25b) In Annex IV, part B, subheading 1, subparagraph 5 is replaced by the following: 'Default IPCC emission factors, taken from the 2006 IPCC Inventory Guidelines or subsequent updates of these Guidelines, shall be used unless activity-specific emission factors identified by independent accredited laboratories using accepted analytical methods are more accurate. To account for non-CO2 effects, the emissions factors chosen shall be multiplied by two. The emission factor for biomass waste and residues shall be zero.'
Amendment 729 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 a (new)
Article 1 a (new)
Article 1a Amendments to Decision (EU) 2015/1814 Decision (EU) 2015/1814 is amended as follows: In Article 1, the following paragraph is inserted: '6a. In any year, if the total number of allowances in the market stability reserve in x-1 is higher than 50% of the amount of allowances issued in that year, any additional allowances to be placed in the reserve shall be cancelled.'