32 Amendments of Arnaud DANJEAN related to 2020/2257(INI)
Amendment 35 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital -A (new)
Recital -A (new)
Amendment 39 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A a (new)
Recital A a (new)
Aa. whereas in November 2020, the EU’s first comprehensive, 360 degree, classified analysis on the full range of threats and challenges the EU faces, or might face in the near future, was prepared cooperatively by the EU member states’ intelligence services; whereas in November 2021,the Vice-President/High Representative (VP/HR) is scheduled to present a draft of the Strategic Compass, which Member States will then discuss and are scheduled to adopt in March 2022; whereas the Strategic Compass aims to facilitate the emergence of a “common European security and defence culture”;
Amendment 40 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A a (new)
Recital A a (new)
Aa. whereas the EU explicitly recognises the role of NATO in Europe’s defence and of its citizens (Article 42.7 TEU); whereas NATO has the primary responsibility of collective defence (Article 5 of the Washington Treaty); and with regard to capability, NATO remains a crucial guarantor of the technical and human interoperability of the allied forces and the consistency of their equipment policies;
Amendment 44 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A b (new)
Recital A b (new)
Ab. whereas following the 2016 Joint Declaration, a process of cooperation between the EU and NATO was set in motion, centred around74 common proposals for actions: in the areas of countering hybrid threats; operational cooperation, including at sea and on migration; cybersecurity and defence; defence capabilities; defence industry and research; and exercises supporting Eastern and Southern partners’ capacity- building efforts;
Amendment 46 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A b (new)
Recital A b (new)
Ab. whereas Europe's defence depends on the political will and military capacity of Europeans to assume their responsibilities in a strategic environment that has deteriorated considerably in recent years;
Amendment 48 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A c (new)
Recital A c (new)
Ac. whereas currently the only legal framework for EU-NATO relations continues to be the 2003 “Agreed Framework”, which is limited to the sharing of collective NATO planning structures, assets and capabilities with the EU when it comes to the planning and conducting of EU Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) military operations in accordance with the “Berlin Plus” arrangement;
Amendment 50 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas the EU and its Member States have, in particular since the publication of the 2016 EU Global Strategy, intensified their cooperation in the field of security and defence; whereas milestones include the establishment of the European Defence Fund (EDF) (and its precursor programmes), the launch of the Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) and the Coordinated Annual Review on Defence (CARD) as well as the agreement on the European Peace Facility (EPF);
Amendment 54 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
Recital C
C. whereas in the framework of the CSDP, 5 000 EU military and civilian staff are currently deployed in six military and 11 civilian missions and operations on three continents; whereas Europe's capacity relies heavily on the Union's ability to intervene credibly in external theatres of operations;
Amendment 55 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C a (new)
Recital C a (new)
Ca. whereas NATO, through its Defence Planning Process (NDPP), every four years sets its “Level of Ambition” by identifying in qualitative and quantitative terms the pool of forces, equipment and capabilities, that allies should have in their inventories to support the full spectrum of NATO missions and be able to respond to possible threats and challenges;
Amendment 73 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
Amendment 81 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 a (new)
Paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. Stresses that the two organisations have clearly distinct features and that they should cooperate in full respect for the autonomy and decision-making procedures of the other on the basis of the principles of reciprocity, without prejudice to the specific features of the security and defence policies of any of the Member States;
Amendment 115 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4 a (new)
Paragraph 4 a (new)
4a. Pays tribute and respect to all the service members of the transatlantic alliance who fell or were wounded in service, as well as to those currently serving;
Amendment 124 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 5
5. Highlights that the transatlantic community is faced with a broad array of unprecedented common challenges, which affect either directly or indirectly the security of the Member States and of their citizens, ranging from the fight against jihadist terrorism to hybrid threats, climate change, disinformation, cyber attacks, uncontrolled migratory flows, emerging and disruptive technologies (EDTs), and a shifting global power balance, as well as the resulting challenge to the international rules-based order;
Amendment 147 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
6. CommendsTakes note of the key suggestions made by the 2030 NATO independent group of experts, in particular their call for stronger EU-NATO cooperation; endorses the proposals of December 2020 by the Commission President and the VP/HR for an EU-US Security and Defence Dialogue; welcomes the intention of the Biden administration to engage with EU and NATO partners; underlines both the key relevance of the US forces stationed in Europe for Europe’s security and its full commitment to their continued presence;
Amendment 163 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 a (new)
Paragraph 7 a (new)
7a. Emphasises that NATO’s Article 5 as well as the EU’s Article 42.7 TEU and Article 222 TFEU are important instruments for guaranteeing solidarity in a crisis to the members of the respective organisations; recalls that Article 5 was invoked after the September 2001 terror attacks in New York and Washington to express solidarity towards the US and Article 42.7 was invoked after the November 2015 terror attacks in Paris to express solidarity towards France.
Amendment 166 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8
Paragraph 8
8. Believes that the upcoming NATO Summit is an important opportunity to advance EU-NATO cooperation; underlines that the EU is a partner of NATO and that EU-NATO cooperation is mutually reinforcing and based on the agreed guiding principles of transparency, reciprocity, inclusiveness, the decision- making autonomy of both organisations and the principle of the single set of forces; reiterates that a European military capability to act is essential to contribute to the fulfilment of NATO’s core tasks, as well as to enhance deterrence; highlights both the EU’s unique expertise in civilian crisis management and capacity building, notably by the ‘Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability’ (CPCC), as well as its military crisis management by the ‘Military Planning and Conduct Capability’ (MPCC), and the compounding experience of the 37 military operations deployed in the field since 2003, complemented by the assistance provided to military actors of partner countries via the initiative for ‘Capacity Building in support of Security and Development’ (CBSD) and the instrument of the African Peace Facility which has been integrated in the European Peace Facility;
Amendment 182 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 a (new)
Paragraph 9 a (new)
9a. Underlines that the transatlantic partnership benefits from predictable foreign policy-making and multilateral engagement; considers the change of the US administration as an opportunity to reaffirm shared values, such as democracy, the rule of law, multilateralism, peace and prosperity, and to enhance international cooperation in tackling common threats, which could include where possible, joint sanctions;
Amendment 192 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10
Paragraph 10
10. Welcomes the requests by the United States, Canada, and Norway to participate exceptionally in the PESCO project on military mobility; underlines that this marks an important step towards increased coherence between the common EU and NATO capability development efforts, and illustrates the revitalis in strict compliance with the procedures and rules laid down in Council Decision (CFSP) of 5 November 2020; stresses that such participation, on the basis of a solid legal framework, will facilitate EU-NATO cooperation ofin the transatlantic partnershipis area;
Amendment 261 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14
Paragraph 14
14. Recognises that the growing influence and militarys well as military, technological and political rise of China need to be met with a coordinated transatlantic strategy; expresses its concern regarding the policies pursued by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) when it comes to, among other things, the suppression of democracy in Hong Kong, the treatment of the Uyghurs in Xinjiang, threats towards Taiwan or aggressive policies and actions in the South China Sea; further points to the relevance of the fact that China, as a non-democratic regime, has entered into systemic competition with the transatlantic partnership by undermining the rules-based international order, which has been built over many decades, and in turn is attempting to reshape it according to the CCP’s own values and interests; recalls China’s increased presence on the international stage as well as in Europe through its Belt and Road Initiative, its activities in cyber space, in the Arctic, in Africa, and its investments in our critical infrastructure in Europe, as well as its documented intellectual property theft;
Amendment 294 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16 a (new)
Paragraph 16 a (new)
16a. Recognises that hybrid and cyber attacks by hostile state and non-state actors lead to a blurred line between war and peace; calls for the EU to further develop its own toolbox for protecting critical infrastructure against hybrid attacks; welcomes the work undertaken in the framework of the European Defence Agency’s (EDA) Consultation Forum on Sustainable Energy in the Defence and Security Sector (CF SEDSS) to improve the protection of critical infrastructure within the EU;
Amendment 331 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 18
Paragraph 18
18. Is convinced that the Member States must increase their efforts to improve the EU’s ability and that of its Member States to act with a more capable, deployable, interoperable and sustainable set of military capabilities and forces, which would give the EU the capacity to contribute more equitably to transatlantic security, enable it to achieve strategic autonomy, and further pave the way to progressively frame a European Defence Union (EDU) in line with Article 42 of the TEU; stresses that strategic autonomy strengthens transatlantic security, and by no means aims to decouple from or weaken NATO, as it is part of a multilateral framework that complements NATO and the partnerships to which most of the member countries subscribe; underlines at the same time that strategic autonomy not only entails defence capability development but also the institutional capacity enabling the EU to act, where possible with partners, and independently if necessary; believes that these increased European military efforts will allow the EU to take greater responsibility for European security, and to better promote common EU-NATO interests and values, in particular in the European neighbourhood;
Amendment 366 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20 a (new)
Paragraph 20 a (new)
20a. Firmly believes that, based on the unprecedented level of challenges, the EU’s ambitions in PESCO and capability development must cover the full spectrum of force package; recalls that EU investments in defence are investments in the security of the transatlantic community as a whole, which contribute to a more capable “single set of forces” and will result in fairer burden-sharing between transatlantic NATO partners;
Amendment 368 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20 b (new)
Paragraph 20 b (new)
20b. Underscores that Europeans, as far as possible, should look at these strategic challenges in a comprehensive and coherent way through the EU’s ‘integrated approach’ which should be continuously improved through better coordination mechanisms and command structures as well as by taking into account new threats and challenges, and should then consider which capabilities they can develop together which would ultimately both serve the EU Member States’ contribution to NATO’s collective defence, while enhancing the interoperability of their capabilities;
Amendment 370 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20 c (new)
Paragraph 20 c (new)
20c. Expresses the expectation that the completion of the Strategic Compass will deepen EU solidarity and help progress towards a common strategic culture among Member States; welcomes the November 2020 first common threat analysis and calls to move forward towards an agreed common threat assessment; considers that the EU's integrated approach could be updated to take into account the findings of the threat analysis undertaken within the Strategic Compass process;
Amendment 376 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 21
Paragraph 21
21. Underscores the importance of a strong, competitive and innovative European Defence Technological and Industrial Base (EDTIB), which not only secures and creates European jobs but is also essential for enabling the alliance to meet its capability requirements and hence ensure Europe’s safety; calls for further efforts to ensure a fully functional common defence market; highlights the importance of the EDF and calls for a strategic long- term orientation of its project funding; points out that European defence initiatives are complementary to those of NATO and designed to encourage Member States to engage in the field of defence;
Amendment 386 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 22
Paragraph 22
22. Calls for the conclusion of an administrative arrangement between the European Defence Agency and the US, as well as o that contains all ther non-EU NATO allies, to deepen transatlantic defence cooperationecessary safeguards to protect the security and defence interests of the Union and its Member States;
Amendment 400 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 23
Paragraph 23
23. Welcomes the extension of the New START Treaty; recalls the need to increase cooperation and investment in the key area of air and missile defence which after the expiration of the INF treaty has become a renewed security risk for European countries in particular;
Amendment 404 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24
Paragraph 24
24. Calls for the EU and its institutions, building on the foundation laid by the ‘integrated approach’, to develop both a common security and defence culture, as well as a strategic approach, throughout its policy-making, which should apply in particular to decisions in the fields of trade, supply chain management, investment screening, development cooperation, infrastructure, mobility and digital technologies; underlines that in areas such as hybrid and cyber threats, as well as countering disinformation campaigns, EU institutions are well positioned to develop joint responses; welcomes in this regard the December 2020 Security Union Package and believes that this is a good first step which needs to be swiftly pursued by further actions; recalls the importance of a swift agreement of the NIS2 directive proposal;
Amendment 435 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 28
Paragraph 28
28. Acknowledges that in view of the institutional limitations, EU-NATO cooperation to a large extent takes place on an informal and technical staff-to-staff level, limiting at times the active involvement of all Member States; considers these limitations a vulnerability for transatlantic, as well as European security, among other reasons due to the potential blockade of access to NATO structures for EU CSDP operations; believes that this situation is unsustainable and therefore strongly urges all stakeholders to work together in good faith to seek a solution which would render cooperation more formal and predictable on all levels, with a view to building a genuine organisation-to-organisation relationship; at the same time welcomes the discussion about future EU Military command capacities, which must be interoperable and compatible with NATO in order to ensure the most effective operational capacity of the single set of forces;
Amendment 440 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 28 a (new)
Paragraph 28 a (new)
28a. Calls for cooperation and coordination in the Mediterranean between the EU’s EUNAVFOR MED IRINI and NATO’s Operation Sea Guardian; emphasises that both operations contribute to security and stability in the Mediterranean;
Amendment 468 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 31 a (new)
Paragraph 31 a (new)
31a. Calls for actively developing closer ties with like-minded democracies around the world; believes that enhanced security partnerships with countries such as Japan, Australia and India, who together with the US form the so-called Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, as well as South Korea, New Zealand and Taiwan would not only increase our overall security but could help in achieving more effective implementation of global norms and rules, as laid out by multilateral fora such as the United Nations;
Amendment 471 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 32
Paragraph 32
32. Underlines the importance of parliamentary diplomacy and reiterates its previous calls for an enhanced role for the NATO Parliamentary Assembly (PA); recommends that the status of the European Parliament’s delegation in the NATO PA be upgraded to full status, reflecting the importance of EU-NATO cooperation; calls for a joint meeting of the Foreign Affairs Committee (AFET) of the European Parliament and the United States House of Representatives Foreign Affairs Committee in order to discuss the common security threats to the transatlantic partnership and how an enhanced EU-NATO cooperation could help address them;