46 Amendments of Martin HÄUSLING related to 2016/0230(COD)
Amendment 30 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 4
Recital 4
(4) The Paris Agreement, inter alia, sets out a long-term goal in line with the objective to keep the global temperature increase well below 2°C above pre- industrial levels and to pursue efforts to keep it to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, which according to the overwhelming scientific consensus requires a period of negative emissions in which fully ecologically functional forests will play a key role. In order to achieve this goal, the Parties should prepare, communicate and maintain successive nationally determined contributions. The Paris Agreement replaces the approach taken under the 1997 Kyoto Protocol which will not be continued beyond 2020. The Paris Agreement also calls for a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century, and invites Parties to take action to conserve and enhance, as appropriate, sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases, including forests.
Amendment 34 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 4 a (new)
Recital 4 a (new)
(4a) Generally there is a need for forest ecosystems to be robust and resilient and therefore biodiverse in order to best adapt to climate change; It is important to note that the migration and shifts in ranges of species, particularly trees, seen in previous inter- glacials may not be possible without an amenable land use matrix that allows for that movement.
Amendment 35 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 4 b (new)
Recital 4 b (new)
(4b) To achieve the negative emissions required to meet the Paris Agreement goals, removals of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere through land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) must be ambitious, and should not be used to offset emissions reductions from other sources. As removals through LULUCF are reversible, they should not be used to compensate for emissions and should be treated as a separate pillar in the Union climate policy framework.
Amendment 39 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 5 a (new)
Recital 5 a (new)
Amendment 41 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 6
Recital 6
(6) The LULUCF sector can contribute to climate change mitigation in several ways, in particular by reducing emissions, and maintaining and enhancing sinks and carbon stocks. In order for measures aiming in particular at increasing carbon sequestration to be effective, the long-term stability and adaptability of carbon pools is essential. However it is important to note that Biomass used for fuel is not in reality carbon neutral and burning trees for energy also has a carbon cost not only in terms of emissions but also in destroyed sink function. In addition it is important to guard against the risk involved in destroying sink function of peat bogs and other carbon sinking wetlands which may be erroneously afforested by mono-cultural tree plantations.
Amendment 58 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 8 a (new)
Recital 8 a (new)
(8a) It is important to ensure and maintain robust net-net accounting of agricultural land, so that it remains in line with the long-standing and internationally-agreed current accounting standards which count emissions against a historical baseline of cropland and grazing land. It is important to note that deviation from the net-net accounting in forests has led to many discrepancies based upon considerable biogeographical and management variations in forest based emissions; it is appropriate to avoid this also occurring with agricultural land.
Amendment 59 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 8 b (new)
Recital 8 b (new)
(8b) When considering potential impact of certain prescriptive land use schemes, it is important to bear in mind that some agri-environment measures, depending upon their take-up by farmers and ambition or goals of the Member States implementing them, have very limited climate impact.
Amendment 63 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 9
Recital 9
(9) Emissions and removals from forest land depend on a number of natural circumstances, age-class structure, as well as past and present management practices. The use of a base year would not make it possible to reflect those factors and resulting cyclical impacts on emissions and removals or their interannual variation. The relevant accounting rules should instead provide for the use of reference levels to exclude the effects of natural and country- biogeographical region-specific characteristics. In the absence of the international review under the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol, in order to enhance integrity, efficacy and coherence, a review procedure should be established to ensure transparency and improve the quality of accounting in this category, so that the accounting matches the climate reality.
Amendment 65 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 9 a (new)
Recital 9 a (new)
Amendment 69 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10
Recital 10
(10) When the Commission, as a fair and objective party and guardian of the Treaties responsible inter alia for the environment, chooses to be assisted by an expert review team in accordance with Commission Decision (C(2016)3301) in the review of national forestry accounting plans, it should build on the good practice and experience of the expert reviews under the UNFCCC, including as regards participation of national experts and recommendations, and select a sufficient number of experts from the Member States. Or. en (TFEU art.191)
Amendment 71 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 11
Recital 11
(11) The internationally agreed IPCC Guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories state that emissions from the combustion of biomass can be accounted as zero in the energy sector with the condition that these emissions are accounted for in the LULUCF sector. In the EU, emissions from biomass combustion are accounted as zero pursuant to Article 38 of Regulation (EU) No. 601/2012 and the provisions set out in Regulation (EU) No. 525/2013, hence consistency with the IPCC Guidelines would only be ensured if these emissions should be covered accurately under this Regulation and accounted for in all countries systematically according to the IPCC guidelines.
Amendment 77 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 13
Recital 13
(13) NAvoiding negative impacts on the forest carbon sink from natural disturbances, such as wildfires, insect and disease infestations, extreme weather events and geological disturbances that are beyond the control of, and not materially influenced by, a Member State, may result in greenhouse gas emissions of a temporary nature in the LULUCF sector, or may cause the reversal of previous removals. As reversal can also be the result of management decisions, such as decisions to harvest or plant trees, this Regulation should ensure that human-induced reversals of removals are always accurately reflected in LULUCF accounts. Moreover, this Regulatishould be part of sustainable forest management practices by Member States. Such reasons should provide Member States with a limited possibility to exclude emissions resulting from disturbances that are beyond their control from their LULUCF accounts. However, the manner in which Member States apply those provisions should not lead to undue under-accountingnot be used as an excuse for clear cutting or measures with undue negative impacts on biodiversity.
Amendment 83 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 14
Recital 14
(14) Depending on national preferences, Member States should be able to choose adequate national policies for achieving their commitments in LULUCF, including the possibility of compensating emissions from one land category by removals from another land category. They should also be able to cumulate net removals over the period 2021-2030. Trading among Member States should continue as an additional option to help compliance. Following the practice in the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, there should also be a limited possibility for a Member State upon fulfilment of certain criteria to use its overachievement under Regulation [] on binding annual greenhouse gas emission reductions by Member States from 2021 to 2030 for a resilient Energy Union and to meet commitments under the Paris Agreement and amending Regulation No 525/2013 of the European Parliament and the Council on a mechanism for monitoring and reporting greenhouse gas emissions and other information relevant to climate change in order to ensure its compliance with its commitment under this Regulation without compromising the overall level of ambition in GHG reduction targets of the Union.
Amendment 91 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – paragraph 1
Article 1 – paragraph 1
It is the ultimate objective of this Regulation to contribute to the global objectives reached and committed to in the Paris Agreement to keep temperatures below 2 degrees Celsius, while pursuing efforts to limit to warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. This Regulation sets out Member States' commitments on land use, land use change and forestry ('LULUCF') that ensure meeting the greenhouse gas emission reduction commitment of the Union for the period from 2021 to 2030, as well as the rules for the accounting of emissions and removals from LULUCF and checking the compliance of Member States with these commitments.
Amendment 112 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point e a (new)
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point e a (new)
(ea) managed wetlands: land use reported as wetland remaining wetland, and settlement, other land converted to wetland and wetland converted to settlement and other land
Amendment 115 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 2 – paragraph 2
Article 2 – paragraph 2
Amendment 125 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 2
Article 3 – paragraph 2
2. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 14 to adapt the definitions in paragraph 1 to scientific developments or technical progress and to ensure consistency between those definitions and any changes to relevant definitions in the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories ('IPCC Guidelines') and the 2013 IPCC Wetlands Supplementary Guidelines for national Greenhouse Gas Inventories.
Amendment 128 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 1
Article 4 – paragraph 1
For the period from 2021 to 2025 and from 2026 to 2030, taking into account the flexibilities provided for in Article 11, each Member State shall each Member State shall endeavour to increase their removals and ensure that emissions at least do not exceed removals, calculated as the sum of total emissions and removals on their territory in the land accounting categories referred to in Article 2 combined, as accounted in accordance with this Regulation, in line with Union long term climate objectives and the commitments under the Paris Agreement.
Amendment 134 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 4 – paragraph 1 a (new)
For the periods from 2031 the total removals from each Member State as accounted in accordance with this Regulation shall increase, in line with Union long term climate objectives and the commitments under Paris Agreement.
Amendment 136 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 1 b (new)
Article 4 – paragraph 1 b (new)
Member States shall have by 30 June 2019 submitted an action plan to the Commission, that sets out targets for 2040, 2050, 2060 and 2070 to increase removals, calculated as the sum of total emissions and removals on their territory in the land accounting categories referred to in Article 2 combined, as accounted for in accordance with this Regulation. These can take the form of National Energy and Climate Plans.
Amendment 151 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 5 a (new)
Article 5 a (new)
Article 5a For removals to be included in the accounts of a Member State, the Member State concerned shall ensure that there mitigation activities in the land sector do not negatively impact Union biodiversity objectives or provisions of Directive 2009/147/EC and Directive 92/43/EEC, and respect the tenure rights of local residents as prescribed in the International Labour Organization Indigenous Tribal Peoples' Convention (Convention 169) and the United Nations Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure.
Amendment 152 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 1
Article 6 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall account for emissions and removals resulting from afforested land and deforested land, as the totalcalculated as emissions and removals for each of the years in the periods from 2021 to 2025 and from 2026 to 2030 minus the value obtained by multiplying by five the Member State's average annual emissions and removals resulting from managed afforested land and deforested land, in its base period 2005-2007.
Amendment 156 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 6 – paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. In order for removals to be included in a Member State's accounts, the removal must have evaluated the impact of mitigation activities on EU biodiversity objectives, as specified in the EU biodiversity strategy and in the Birds and Habitats Directives.
Amendment 159 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 2
Article 6 – paragraph 2
Amendment 163 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 3 a (new)
Article 6 – paragraph 3 a (new)
3a. Before removals are accounted for, a discount factor of the value of 25% will be applied by Member States.
Amendment 165 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 1
Article 7 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall account for emissions and removals resulting from managed cropland calculated as emissions and removals in the periods from 2021 to 2025 and from 2026 to 2030 minus the value obtained by multiplying by five the Member State’s average annual emissions and removals resulting from managed cropland in its base period 2005-2007, maintaining net-net accounting of agricultural land, in line with accounting standards agreed upon on the international level, which count emissions against a historical baseline of cropland and grazing land.
Amendment 170 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 2
Article 7 – paragraph 2
2. Member States shall account for emissions and removals resulting from managed grassland calculated as emissions and removals in the periods from 2021 to 2025 and from 2026 to 2030 minus the value obtained by multiplying by five the Member State’s average annual emissions and removals resulting from managed grassland in its base period 2005-2007, maintaining net-net accounting of agricultural land, in line with accounting standards agreed upon on the international level, which count emissions against a historical baseline of cropland and grazing land.
Amendment 173 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 3
Article 7 – paragraph 3
Amendment 178 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 4
Article 7 – paragraph 4
4. Member States that have chosen to include managed wetland in the scope of their commitments in accordance with Article 2 shall account for emissions and removals resulting from managed wetland, calculated as emissions and removals in the periods from 2021 to 2025 and/or from 2026 to 2030 minus the value obtained by multiplying by five the Member State’s average annual emissions and removals resulting from managed wetland in its base period 2005-2007.
Amendment 187 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 1
Article 8 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall account for emissions and removals resulting from managed forest land, calculated as emissions and removals in the periods from 2021 to 2025 and from 2026 to 2030 minus the value obtained by multiplying by five itsannual average emissions and removals in the forest reference levelperiod. A forest reference levelperiod is an estimate of the average annual net emissions or removals resulting from managed forest land within the territory of the Member State in the periods from 2021 to 2025 and from 20261990 to 20309.
Amendment 198 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 2
Article 8 – paragraph 2
2. Where the result of the calculation referred to in paragraph 1 is negative in relation to its forest reference levelperiod, a Member State shall include in its managed forest land accounts total net removals of no more than the equivalent of 3,5 per cent of the Member State’s emissions in its base year or period as specified in Annex III, multiplied by five.
Amendment 199 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
Amendment 202 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
Member States shall determine the new forest reference level based on the criteria set out in Annex IV, section A. They shall submit to the Commission a national forestry accounting plan including a new forest reference level, by 31 December 2018 for the period from 2021 to 2025 and by 30 June 2023 for the period 2026-2030; the Commission will provide scrutiny and feedback where necessary for the Member State to make technical corrections to the reference levels.
Amendment 212 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 2
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 2
The national forestry accounting plan shall contain all the elements listed in Annex IV, section B and include a proposed new forest reference level based on the continuation of curthe annual average emissions and removals in the forenst forest management practice and intensity, as documented between 1990-2009 per forest type and per age class in national forests, expressed in tonnes of CO2 equivalent per yearreference period between 1990-2009, expressed in tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year. Member States shall maintain or increase the ratio of biomass used for long lived wood products against that used for energy purposes.
Amendment 232 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 5
Article 8 – paragraph 5
5. The CommissionIn order to provide transparency, credibility and oversight, the Commission, in line with its role as Guardian of the Treaties (TFEU art.191) especially with respect to climate, shall review the national forestry accounting plans submitted wherever possible by the Member States and technical corrections and assess the extent to which the proposed new or corrected forest reference levels have been determined in accordance with the principles and requirements set out in paragraphs (3) and (4) as well as Article 5(1). To the extent that this is required in order to ensure compliance with the principles and requirements set out in paragraphs (3) and (4) as well as Article 5(1), the Commission may recalculate the proposed new or corrected forest reference levels.
Amendment 240 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 6
Article 8 – paragraph 6
6. TIn order to provide credibility, transparency and oversight and in line with its role as Guardian of the Treaties (TFEU art.191) especially with respect to climate, the Commission shall adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 14 to amend Annex II in the light of the review carried out pursuant to paragraph (5) to update Member State forest reference levels based on the national forestry accounting plans or the technical corrections submitted, and any recalculations made in the context of the review. Until the entry into force of the delegated act, Member State forest reference levels as specified in Annex II shall continue to apply for the period 2021- 2025 and/or 2026-2030.
Amendment 243 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 9 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Amendment 247 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 9 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 9 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Amendment 250 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10
Article 10
Accounting for natural disturbances 1. At the end of the periods from 2021 to 2025 and from 2026 to 2030, Member States may exclude from their accounts for afforested land and managed forest land greenhouse gas emissions resulting from natural disturbances exceeding the average emissions caused by natural disturbances in the period 2001-2020, excluding statistical outliers ('background level') calculated in accordance with this Article and Annex VI. 2. Where a Member State applies paragraph 1, it shall submit to the Commission information on the background level for each land accounting category determined in paragraph 1 and on the data and methodologies used in accordance with Annex VI. 3. Where a Member State applies paragraph 1, it shall exclude from accounting until 2030 all subsequent removals on the land affected by natural disturbances. 4. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 14 to revise the methodology and information requirements in Annex VI in order to reflect changes in the IPCC Guidelines.rticle 10 deleted
Amendment 259 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 2
Article 11 – paragraph 2
2. To the extent that total removals exceed emissions in a Member State and after subtraction of any quantity taken into account under Article 7 of Regulation [ ] on binding annual greenhouse gas emission reductions by Member States from 2021 to 2030, that Member State may transfer the remaining quantity to another Member Statesubject to a discount factor of 25%. The transferred quantity shall be taken into account when assessing the receiving Member State's compliance with its commitment pursuant to Article 4.
Amendment 266 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 3
Article 11 – paragraph 3
3. To the extent that total removals exceed emissions in a Member State in the period from 2021 to 2025, and after subtraction of any quantity taken into account under Article 7 of Regulation [ ] on binding annual greenhouse gas emission reductions by Member States from 2021 to 2030 or transferred to another Member State pursuant to paragraph 2, that Member State may bank the remaining quantity to the period 2026-2030 up to a limit of 5%.
Amendment 268 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 11 – paragraph 4
Article 11 – paragraph 4
Amendment 281 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 15 – paragraph 1
Article 15 – paragraph 1
The Commission shall review the ambition of this proposal after the 2018 facilitative dialogue. It shall report to the European Parliament and to the Council by 28 February 2024 and every fivetwo years thereafter on the operation of this Regulation, its contribution to the EU's overall 2030 greenhouse gas emission reduction target and its contribution to the long term goals of the Paris Agreement, and may make proposals if appropriate.
Amendment 286 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 15 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 15 – paragraph 1 a (new)
The Commission shall, with assistance from the EEA, review the combined ambition of the [ ESR ], [ LULUCF ] and [ ETS ] Regulations after the 2018 UNFCCC facilitative dialogue has taken place. The Commission shall report to the European Parliament and to the Council within a year of the facilitative dialogue, proposing where appropriate changes to the EU's 2030 and 2050 greenhouse gas emissions targets, including LULUCF, to ensure coherence with achieving the Paris Agreement's long-term goals. These goals are to hold the increase in global average temperature to well below 2˚C above pre- industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C, and to achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century.
Amendment 299 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex IV – part A
Annex IV – part A
Amendment 302 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex IV – part A – paragraph 1 – point c
Annex IV – part A – paragraph 1 – point c
(c) Reference levels should ensure a robust and credible accounting, excluding the impact of policies developing forest sinks, to guarantee that emissions and removals resulting from biomass use are properly accounted for;