Activities of Marietje SCHAAKE related to 2012/2143(INI)
Shadow reports (1)
REPORT with a proposal for a European Parliament recommendation to the Council on the UN principle of the ‘Responsibility to Protect’ (‘R2P’) PDF (192 KB) DOC (127 KB)
Amendments (32)
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution
Heading 1
Heading 1
on the UN principle of the ‘Responsibility to Protect’ ("RtoP" or "R2P")
Amendment 3 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1
Citation 1
Amendment 6 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2
Citation 2
– having regard to the guiding principlvalues, objectives, principles and policies of the European Union as, inter alia, enshrined in articles 2, 3 and 21 of the Treaty on European Union,
Amendment 8 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 3
Citation 3
Amendment 11 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 4
Citation 4
– having regard to the Paragraphs 138 and 139 of the UN 2005 UN World Summit Outcome Document,1, __________________ 1 A/RES/60/1.
Amendment 13 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 5
Citation 5
– having regard to the regular informal interactive dialogues of the UN General Assembly (UNGA) which are anticipated by reports of the UN Secretary-General, notabspecifically on ‘Implementing the Responsibility to Protect’ of 20091 , ’Early warning, assessment and the responsibility to protect' of 20102 , and ‘The role of regional and subregional arrangements in implementing the responsibility to protect’ of 20113 ,
Amendment 16 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 8
Citation 8
– having regard to the UNSC Resolution 1973 of 17 March 2011 on Libthe situation in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, which for the first time in history authoriszed the use of force agaiMember States to take all means necessary to protect civilianst a countrynd civilian populated areas, with an explicit reference to R2P, followed by the principle of the responsimbilar references in UNSC Resolution 1975 on the Ivory Coast,ity to protect, and as reaffirmed in UNSC Resolution 1975 on Côte d'Ivoire, recalled in the UNSC Resolution 1996 on the Sudan and UNSC Resolution 2014 on Yemen,
Amendment 23 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 12 a (new)
Citation 12 a (new)
– having regard to the Charter of the United Nations,
Amendment 25 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 12 b (new)
Citation 12 b (new)
– having regard to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
Amendment 26 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 12 c (new)
Citation 12 c (new)
– having regard to the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide of 9 December 1948,
Amendment 27 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 12 d (new)
Citation 12 d (new)
– having regard to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court,
Amendment 28 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 12 e (new)
Citation 12 e (new)
– having regard to the 2001 report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) on "The Responsibility to Protect",
Amendment 34 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas paragraphs 138 and 139 of the UN 2005 World Summit Outcome Ddocument establish at the same time the obligation of states to protect their citizens against genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity and the obligation of the international community to react should states fail to protect their citizens against these four specified crimes and violations;
Amendment 43 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
Recital D
D. whereas the emergencedevelopment of the principle of R2P representis an important step forward towards a more peaceful worldtowards anticipating, preventing and responding to genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity and upholding fundamental principles of international law, in particular international humanitarian, refugee and human rights law; whereas the principles should be applied as consistently and uniformly as possible, to which effect it is crucially important that early warning and assessment be conducted fairly, prudently and professionally and that the use of force remain the measure of last resort;
Amendment 47 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D a (new)
Recital D a (new)
Da. whereas using all tools available under Chapters VI, VII and VIII of the Charter, ranging from non-coercive responses to collective action, is of fundamental importance for the further development and legitimacy of the principle of R2P;
Amendment 48 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
Recital E
E. whereas the most effective form of prevention lies in the promotion of good governance, inclusiveness, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, gender equality, and democratic values and practices are important forms of preventing violence and human suffering;
Amendment 57 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
Recital F
F. whereas a more consequistent implementation of R2P's prevention component (R2prevent), including mediation measures and preventive diplomacy at an early stage, wcould reduce conflictsviolence and help avoid their escalation;
Amendment 61 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital F a (new)
Recital F a (new)
Fa. whereas the ICC and R2P are interlinked as both aim to prevent genocide crimes against humanity, war crimes; whereas on the one hand R2P bolsters the ICC's mission to fight impunity by advocating for states to respect their judicial responsibility while, on the other, R2P reinforces the complementarity principle of the ICC, in which the main responsibility to prosecute lies with states;
Amendment 67 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H
Recital H
H. whereas more recent experiences with specific crises such as those in Sri Lanka, Ivory Coast, Libya and Syria have produced mixed results in terms of the international capacity and a lack of common will toto timely and effectively prevent or stop genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity, either committed by national and local authorities or non-state actors, leading to large numbers of civilian casualties;
Amendment 69 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
Recital H a (new)
Ha. whereas no consensus in the UNSC has been reached on the application of the concept of R2R after the adoption of UNSC Resolution 1973 and its execution; whereas the risk of a de facto moratorium on R2P is looming;
Amendment 74 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital J
Recital J
J. whereas the definition in international law of crimes which demand an immediate reaction by the international community has made considerable progress since the creation of the ICCestablishment of the International Criminal Court as well as the ratification of the Rome Statute and its protocols, although an independent assessment mechanisms of when these definitions apply arere met is still, crucially, missing;
Amendment 77 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital K
Recital K
K. whereas a narrow but deep approach to implementing R2P should restrictthe implementation of the R2P norm its application topertinent in the case of the four crimes and violations specified and should exclude the use of the principle to obtain humanitarian access; whereas humanitarian action should not be used as a substitute for political action, and whereas humanitarian space needs to be respected by all actors involved;
Amendment 86 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
Paragraph 1 – point a
(a) to agree to the establishment of an inter-institutional working group, open to stakeholder participation, charged with preparing the basis for an inter- institutional ‘Consensus on R2P’ to be adopted jointly by the Council, the EEAS, the Commission and the European Parliament, and to be presented at the UN;
Amendment 87 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b
Paragraph 1 – point b
Amendment 90 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c
Paragraph 1 – point c
(c) to institutionalise the practice of producing anadd to the current annual CFSP report a chapter on the EU's successes and failures in conflict prevention and mitigation in applying the principle of R2P, to be prepared jointly by the EEAS and the Commission in cooperation with the EU Special Representative for Human Rightsactions in reference or based on the principle of R2P, as well as international cooperation to that end;
Amendment 97 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d
Paragraph 1 – point d
(d) to adapensure sufficient policy planning, operational concepts and capability development within the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) for the Union's ability to fully implement the R2P in close international cooperation within the UN and regional organisations;
Amendment 109 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f
Paragraph 1 – point f
(f) to ensure speedily ratifyication by all EU Member States of the amendments to the ICC Statutes defining the crime of aggression, since the Court can play a central role in the prevention of mass atrocity crimes, as well as in efforts to ensure accountability;
Amendment 114 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point f a (new)
(fa) to ensure the respect of the ICC clause in its agreements with third countries and consider reviewing agreement with countries who do not comply with ICC arrest warrants;
Amendment 115 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f b (new)
Paragraph 1 – point f b (new)
(fb) to espouse a dual track approach, which includes promoting the universal acceptance of R2P, while at the same time encouraging states to support and assist the ICC;
Amendment 117 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 – point a
Paragraph 2 – point a
(a) to support the efforts of the UN Secretary-General to fine-tunurther develop and materialize the principle of R2P and to cooperate with other UN members who wish to improve the capacities of the international community to prevent and respond to mass atrocity crimes covered by the R2P principle;
Amendment 122 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 – point a a (new)
Paragraph 2 – point a a (new)
(aa) to prevent the concept of R2P becoming a dead letter given its predominantly military connotation, and to focus on the development of a broad international consensus and the universal application of the non-coercive tools, and to develop a concrete action plan to that end;
Amendment 126 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 – point a b (new)
Paragraph 2 – point a b (new)
(ab) to not lose sight of the fact that R2P also comprises the need to rebuild;