Activities of Petros KOKKALIS related to 2021/0203(COD)
Shadow opinions (1)
OPINION on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on energy efficiency (recast)
Amendments (46)
Amendment 152 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 17
Recital 17
(17) Low and medium income households, vulnerable customers, including final users, people facing or risking energy poverty and people living in social housing should benefit from the application of the energy efficiency first principle. Energy efficiency measures should be implemented as a priority to improve the situations of those individuals and households orand to alleviate energy poverty. A holistic approach in policy making and in implementing policies and measures requires Member States to ensure that other policies and measures have no adverse effect on these individuals and households.
Amendment 156 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 19
Recital 19
(19) Reaching an ambitious energy efficiency target requires barriers to be removed in order to facilitate investment in energy efficiency measures. The LIFE Clean Energy Transition sub-programme will dedicate funding to support development of the European best practice in energy efficiency policy implementation addressing behavioural, market, and regulatory barriers to energy efficiency. It also facilitates the socio-economic transition to sustainable energy and engagement of local and regional authorities, as well as non-profit organisations, energy communities, and consumers.
Amendment 165 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 22
Recital 22
(22) The Union’s energy efficiency target was initially set and calculated using the 2007 Reference Scenario projections for 2030 as a baseline. The change in the Eurostat energy balance calculation methodology and improvements in subsequent modelling projections call for a change of the baseline. Thus, using the same approach to define the target, that is to say comparing it to the future baseline projections, the ambition of the Union’s 2030 energy efficiency target is set compared to the 2020 Reference Scenario projections for 2030 reflecting national contributions from the NECPs. With that updated baseline, the Union will need to further increase its energy efficiency ambition by will need to increase its energy efficiency ambition to at least 945% in 2030 compared to the level of efforts under the 2020 Reference Scenario. The new way of expressing the level of ambition for the Union’s targets does not affect the actual level of efforts needed and corresponds to a reduction of 36% for final and 39% for primary energy consumption respectively when compared to the 2007 Reference Scenario projections for 2030.
Amendment 180 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 27
Recital 27
(27) To lead by example, the public sector should set its own decarbonisation and energy efficiency goals. Energy efficiency improvements in the public sector should reflect the efforts required at Union level. To comply with the final energy consumption target, the Union should decrease its final energy consumption by 19% by 2030 as compared to the average energy consumption in years 2017, 2018 and 2019. An obligation to achieve an annual reduction of the energy consumption in the public sector by at least 1,72% should ensure that the public sector fulfils its exemplary role. Member States retain full flexibility regarding the choice of energy efficiency improvement measures to achieve a reduction of the final energy consumption. Requiring an annual reduction of final energy consumption has a lower administrative burden than establishing measurement methods for energy savings.
Amendment 201 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 32
Recital 32
(32) Buildings and transport, alongside industry, are the main energy users and main source of emissions.61 Buildings are responsible for about 40% of the Union’s total energy consumption and for 36% of its GHG from energy.62 The Commission Communication entitled Renovation Wave63 addresses the twin challenge of energy and resource efficiency and affordability in the building sector and aims at doubling the renovation rate. It focusses on the worst performing buildings, energy poverty and on public buildings and on social infrastructure . Moreover, buildings are crucial to achieving the Union objective of reaching climate neutrality by 2050. Buildings owned by public bodies account for a considerable share of the building stock and have high visibility in public life. It is therefore appropriate to set an annual rate of renovation of buildings owned by public bodies on the territory of a Member State to upgrade their energy performance. Member States are invited to set a higher renovation rate, where that is cost-effective in the framework of the renovation of their buildings stock in conformity with their Long Term Renovation Strategies or national renovation programmes. That renovation rate should be without prejudice to the obligations with regard to nearly- zero energy buildings (NZEBs) set in Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.64 During the next review of Directive 2010/31/EU, the Commission should assess the progress Member States achieved regarding the renovation of public bodies’ buildings. The Commission should consider submitting a legislative proposal to revise the renovation rate, while taking into account the progress achieved by the Member States, substantial economic or technical developments, or where needed, the Union´s commitments for decarbonisation and zero pollution. The obligation to renovate public bodies’ buildings in this Directive complements that Directive, which requires Member States to ensure that when existing buildings undergo major renovation their energy performance is upgraded so that they meet the requirements on NZEBs. _________________ 61 COM/2020/562 final. 62 See IRP, Resource Efficiency and Climate Change, 2020, and UN Environment Emissions Gap Report, 2019. These figures refer to the use and operation of buildings, including indirect emissions in the power and heat sector, not their full life cycle. The embodied carbon in construction is estimated to account for about 10% of total yearly greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. 63 COM/2020/662 final. 64 Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (OJ L 153, 18.6.2010, p. 13).
Amendment 210 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 37
Recital 37
(37) It is also important that Member States monitor how the energy efficiency requirements are taken into account by contracting authorities and contracting entities in the procurement of products, buildings, works and services by ensuring that information about the impact on energy efficiency and the local social benefits of those winning tenders above the thresholds referred to in the procurement directives are made publically available. That allows stakeholders and citizens to assess the role of public sector towards ensuring energy efficiency first in public procurement in a transparent manner.
Amendment 221 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 49
Recital 49
(49) Where using an obligation scheme, Member States should designate obligated parties among transmission system operators, energy distributors, retail energy sales companies and transport fuel distributors or retailers on the basis of objective and non-discriminatory criteria. The designation or exemption from designation of certain categories of such distributors or retailers should not be understood to be incompatible with the principle of non-discrimination. Member States are therefore able to choose whether such transmission system operators, distributors or retailers or only certain categories thereof are designated as obligated parties. To empower and protect vulnerable customers, people affected by energy poverty and people living in social housing, and to implement policy measures as a priority among those people, Member States can require obligated parties to achieve energy savings among vulnerable customers, people affected by energy poverty and people living in social housing. For that purpose, Member States can also establish energy cost reduction targets. Obligated parties could achieve these targets by promoting the installation of measures that lead to energy savings and financial savings on energy bills, such as the installation of insulation and heating measures. and by supporting energy savings initiatives by renewable energy communities and citizen energy communities
Amendment 275 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 92
Recital 92
(92) As an organisational concept aimed at empowering collective action by citizens, energy communities can contribute significantly towards the achievement of the objectives of this Directive. The contribution of renewable energy communities, pursuant to Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council80 , and citizen energy communities, according to Directive (EU) 2019/944 towards the objectives of the European Green Deal and the 2030 Climate Target Plan, should be recognised. Member States should, therefore, consider and promote the role of renewable energy communities and citizen energy communities. Those communities can help Member States to achieve the objectives of this Directiimplement an energy efficiency first approach at the local level by advancing energy efficiency at local or household level as well as in public buildings in collaboration with regional and local authorities. They can empower and engage consumers and enable certain groups of household customers, including in rural and remote areas to participate in energy efficiency projects and interventions. Energy communities can help fighting, with investment in renewable energy. Energy communities also have a strong role to play in educating in matters of energy democracy but also and increasing citizens awareness of how they can undertake measures to achieve energy savings. If properly supported by Member States, energy communities can help fight energy poverty through facilitation of energy efficiency projects, reduced energy consumption and lower supply tariffs though the development of renewable energy projects. _________________ 80 Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 82).
Amendment 284 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 97
Recital 97
(97) Public funding available at national and Union level should be strategically invested into energy efficiency improvement measures, in particular for the benefit of vulnerable customers, people affected by energy poverty and those living in social housing. Member States should take advantage of any financial contribution they might receive from the Social Climate Fund82 , and of revenues from allowances from the EU Emissions Trading System. These revenueThese contributions will support Member States in fulfilling their obligation to implement energy efficiency measures and policy measures under the energy savings obligation as a priority among vulnerable customers and people affected by energy poverty, which may include those living in rural and remote regions. _________________ 82 Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a Social Climate Fund, COM 2021 568 final.
Amendment 300 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. This Directive establishes a common framework of measures to promote energy efficiency within the Union in order to ensure that the Union's binding target on energy efficiency is met and is in line with the 1.5˚C objective, and enables further energy efficiency improvements .
Amendment 306 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 1 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
This Directive lays down rules designed to implement energy efficiency as a priority across all sectors, remove barriers in the energy market and overcome market failures that impede efficiency in the supply and use of energy. It also provides for the establishment of bindicativeng national energy efficiency contributions for 2030.
Amendment 333 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 48
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 48
(48) ‘energy poverty’ means a household’s lack of access to essential energy services that underpin a decent standard of living and health, including adequate warmth, cooling, lighting, and energy to power appliances, due to a combination of low incomes, high energy costs and low energy efficiency of their home, as well as inability to adapt to climate change, in the relevant national context, existing social policy and other relevant policies;
Amendment 425 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 5 – paragraph 4
Article 5 – paragraph 4
4. Member States shall support public bodies in the uptake of energy efficiency improvement measures, including at regional and local levels, by providing guidelines, promoting competence building and training opportunities and encouraging cooperation amongst public bodies. and collaboration with community-led initiatives, including renewable energy communities and citizen energy communities.
Amendment 429 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 5 – paragraph 5
Article 5 – paragraph 5
5. Member States shall encourage public bodies to consider life cycle carbon emissions, as well as local social benefits, of their public bodies’ investment and policy activities.
Amendment 456 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 6 – paragraph 2
Article 6 – paragraph 2
Amendment 475 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 7 a (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 7 a (new)
7a. Member States shall encourage collaboration between regional, local authorities as contracting entities and local citizen and community-led initiatives, including through renewable energy communities and citizen energy communities. To support such efforts, the Commission shall, within one year of entry into force of this directive, develop Union green public procurement criteria to support collaboration between regional, local authorities and citizen-led initiatives on the development and implementation of energy efficiency measures.
Amendment 488 #
(c) new savings each year from 1 January 2024 to 31 December 2030 of 1,52 % of annual final energy consumption, averaged over the three-year period prior to 1 January 2020.
Amendment 498 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
3. Member States shall implement energy efficiency obligation schemes, alternative policy measures, or a combination of both, or programmes or measures financed under an Energy Efficiency National Fund, as a priority among people affected by energy poverty, vulnerable customers and, where applicable,, low-income households and people living in social housing. Member States shall ensure that policy measures implemented pursuant to this Article have no adverse effect on those persons. Where applicable, Member States shall make the best possible use of funding, including public funding, funding facilities established at Union level, and revenues from allowances pursuant to Article 22(3)(b) with the aim of removing adverse effects and ensuring a just and inclusive energy transition.
Amendment 499 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
In designing suchenergy efficiency obligation schemes and alternative policy measures, Member States shall consider and promopromote and facilitate the role of renewable energy communities and citizen energy communities in the contribution to the implementation towards these policy measures. The main elements of such support, and their implementation, shall be part of the updates of the Member States' integrated national energy and climate plans and progress reports pursuant to Annex I of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999.
Amendment 531 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 9 – paragraph 6 a (new)
Article 9 – paragraph 6 a (new)
6a. Member States may require obligated parties to work with renewable energy communities and citizen energy communities in achieving a share of their energy savings obligations. In doing so, Member States shall encourage and support energy communities to carryout actions such as renovation of households, replacement of appliances, energy audits, and energy efficiency improvement measures.
Amendment 537 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 11 – paragraph 1
Article 11 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall ensure that enterprises with an average annual consumption higher than 1008 TJ of energy over the previous three years and taking all energy carriers together, implement an energy management system. The energy management system shall be certified by an independent body according to the relevant European or International Standards.
Amendment 543 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 11 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
Article 11 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
2. Member States shall ensure that enterprises with an average annual consumption higher than 103,5TJ of energy over the previous three years and taking all energy carriers together that do not implement an energy management system are subject to an energy audit. Energy audits shall be carried out in an independent and cost-effective manner by qualified or accredited experts in accordance with requirements provided in Article 26 or implemented and supervised by independent authorities under national legislation. Energy audits shall be carried out at least every four years from the date of the previous energy audit.
Amendment 571 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 21 – paragraph 3
Article 21 – paragraph 3
3. Member States shall establish appropriate conditions for market actors to provide adequate and targeted information and advice to final consumers , including vulnerable customers, people affected by energy poverty and, where applicable, people living in social housing on energy efficiency. Member States shall ensure that support is provided to energy communities in order to raise awareness, undertake educational activities and training, promote energy democracy, in partnership with regional and locial housing on energy efficiencypublic authorities, and otherwise help inform citizens and consumers on measures they can take to save energy, including through the establishment of one-stop-shops.
Amendment 577 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
3. To support vulnerable customers, people affected by energy poverty and, where applicable, people living in social housing, Member States shall:
Amendment 578 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – point a
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – point a
a) implement energy efficiency improvement measures to mitigate distributional effects from other policies and measures, such as taxation measures implemented according to Article 10 of this Directive, or the application of emission trading in the buildings and transport sector according to the ETS Directive [COM(2021) 551 final, 2021/0211 (COD)];.
Amendment 580 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – point a a (new)
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – point a a (new)
aa) develop and deliver grants for deep renovation projects for energy poor households;
Amendment 582 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – point b
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – point b
b) make the best possible use of public funding available at national and Union level, including, where applicable, the financial contribution Member State received from the Social Climate Fund pursuant to [Article 9 and Article 14 of the Social Climate Fund Regulation, COM 2021 568 final], and revenues from allowance auctions from emission trading pursuant to the EU ETS [COM(2021) 551 final, 2021/0211 (COD)], for investments into energy efficiency improvement measures based on renewable energy as priority actions;
Amendment 586 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – point d
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – point d
d) foster technical assistance and the roll-out of enabling funding and financial tools, such as on-bill schemes, local loan- loss reserve, guarantee funds, funds targeting deep renovations and renovations with minimum energy gains;
Amendment 587 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – point e
Article 22 – paragraph 3 – point e
e) foster technical assistance for social actors to promote vulnerable customer´s active engagement in the energy market, and positive changes in their energy consumption behaviour;. This includes promoting and facilitating participation in energy communities of people affected by energy poverty, vulnerable customers, low income households and people living in social housing.
Amendment 607 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 23 – paragraph 5
Article 23 – paragraph 5
5. Member States shall adopt policies and measures which ensure that the potential identified in the comprehensive assessments carried out pursuant to paragraph 1 is realised. These policies and measures are aligned with the goal of climate neutrality and shall include at least the elements set out in Annex IX. Each Member State shall notify those policies and measures as part of the update of its integrated national energy and climate plans, its subsequent integrated national energy and climate plan, and respective progress reports notified in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1999.
Amendment 609 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – introductory part
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – introductory part
6. Member States shall encouragesure that regional and local authorities to prepare local heating and cooling plans at least in communities and municipalities having a total population higher than 150.000. Those plans should at least:
Amendment 616 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – point a a (new)
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – point a a (new)
(aa) Ensure the phasing out of carbon by 2030 at the latest.
Amendment 617 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – point d a (new)
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – point d a (new)
(da) ensure the participation of energy communities from RES that can contribute significantly to energy savings
Amendment 618 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – point d b (new)
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – point d b (new)
Amendment 619 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – point d c (new)
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – point d c (new)
(dc) include a strategy which will include a tool kit of policies and measures that will empower vulnerable households affected by energy poverty to turn to shift to renewable energy heating and cooling;
Amendment 622 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1
Article 23 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1
Member States shall ensure that the public is given the opportunity to participate the preparation of heating and cooling plans, the comprehensive assessment and the policies and measures. The role of the public should also be supported in the implementation of plans, including through collective or consumer ownership by renewable energy communities, self- consumption of renewables, and online tools such as heat maps that can help direct local actions to improve energy efficiency in households.
Amendment 627 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 24 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 24 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. In order to increase primary energy efficiency and the share of renewable energy in heating and cooling supply, an existing or refurbished efficient district heating and cooling system is a system which meets the following criteria:
Amendment 629 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 24 – paragraph 1 – point a
Article 24 – paragraph 1 – point a
a. until 31 December 2025, a system using at least 50% renewable energy, 50% waste heat, 75% cogenerated heat or 50% of a combination of such energy and heat;up to 80% fossil fuel based heat sources
Amendment 639 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 24 – paragraph 1 – point b
Article 24 – paragraph 1 – point b
b. from 1 January 2026, a system using at least 50% renewable energy, 50% waste heat, 80% of high-efficiency cogenerated heat or at least a combination of such thermal energy going into the network where the share of renewable energy is at least 5% and the total share of renewable energy, waste heat or high-efficiency cogenerated heat is at least 50%up to 60% fossil fuel based sources;
Amendment 654 #
c. from 1 January 20350, a system using at least 50% renewable energy and waste heat, where the share of renewable energy is at least 20%up to 30% fossil fuel based heat sources;
Amendment 664 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 24 – paragraph 1 – point d
Article 24 – paragraph 1 – point d
d. from 1 January 20435, a system using at least 75 % renewable energy and waste heat, where the share ofno fossil fuel based heat sources and using only renewable energy is at least 40%;
Amendment 666 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 24 – paragraph 1 – point e
Article 24 – paragraph 1 – point e
Amendment 679 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 24 – paragraph 2
Article 24 – paragraph 2
2. Member States shall ensure that where a district heating and cooling system is built or substantially refurbished it meets the criteria set out in paragraph 1 applicable at such time when it starts or continues its operation after the refurbishment. In addition, Member States shall ensure that when a district heating and cooling system is built or substantially refurbished, there is no increase in the use of fossil fuels other than natural gas in existing heat sources compared to the annual consumption averaged over the previous three calendar years of full operation before refurbishment, and that any new heat sources in that system do not use fossil fuels other than natural gas.
Amendment 686 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 24 – paragraph 3 a (new)
Article 24 – paragraph 3 a (new)
3a. New efficient district heating and cooling systems from...[the date of entry into force of this Directive] are systems using no fossil fuel based heat sources and using only renewable energy.
Amendment 691 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 24 – paragraph 4 – point d
Article 24 – paragraph 4 – point d
(d) a data centre with a total rated energy input exceeding 100 MW level, to assess the cost and benefits of utilising the waste heat to satisfy economically justified demand, and of the connection of that installation to a district heating network or an efficient/RES-based district cooling system. The analysis shall consider cooling system solutions that allow removing or capturing the waste heat at useful temperature level with minimal ancillary energy inputs.
Amendment 720 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 28 – paragraph 9
Article 28 – paragraph 9
9. Member States may set up an Energy Efficiency National Fund. The purpose of this fund shall be to implement energy efficiency measures, including measures pursuant to Article 8(3) and Article 22 as a priority among vulnerable customers, people affected by energy poverty and, where applicable, people living in social housing, and to implement national energy efficiency measures to support Member States in meeting their national energy efficiency contributions and their indicative trajectories referred to in Article 4(2). The Energy Efficiency National Fund may be financed with revenues from the allowance auctions pursuant to the EU Emission Trading System on buildings and transport sectors.EU Emission Trading System