Progress: Procedure completed
Role | Committee | Rapporteur | Shadows |
---|---|---|---|
Lead | TRAN | KOCH Dieter-Lebrecht ( PPE) | SEHNALOVÁ Olga ( S&D), ZŁOTOWSKI Kosma ( ECR), ROHDE Jens ( ALDE), CRAMER Michael ( Verts/ALE), PAKSAS Rolandas ( EFDD) |
Committee Opinion | LIBE | ||
Committee Opinion | IMCO | DALTON Daniel ( ECR) | Curzio MALTESE ( GUE/NGL), Matthijs van MILTENBURG ( ALDE), Marcus PRETZELL ( ENF), Kerstin WESTPHAL ( S&D) |
Lead committee dossier:
Legal Basis:
RoP 54
Legal Basis:
RoP 54Events
The European Parliament adopted by 593 votes to 39 with 53 abstentions, a resolution entitled Saving lives: boosting car safety in the EU.
Given that every year on Europe’s roads around 25 500 people die and some 135 000 are seriously injured, Members stressed that more effective measures need to be taken if the vision zero goal of ‘no fatalities’ is to be achieved.
Road safety depends on three factors , these being the vehicle, the infrastructure and the driver.
General recommendations : Parliament stressed the need to conduct efficient and regular road checks on drivers, since the main causes of accidents are speed levels that are inappropriate and excessive speed for the driving conditions concerned, distraction, driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, and excessive fatigue.
The Commission was asked to:
set a percentage for the numbers of vehicles in classes M1 and N1 to be checked; introduce stricter controls for the proper enforcement of compulsory working-time limits and rest periods for drivers who are professional road users; assess the possible added value of harmonising the EU blood alcohol concentration limit at 0.0% for new drivers in their first two years and for professional drivers ( around 25 % of all annual traffic fatalities in the EU are caused by alcohol consumption; set common standards for the creation of corridors for emergency vehicle access on motorways and to launch a European awareness campaign; consider a proposal for safer use of bicycles , examine the safety requirements for e-bikes and take further Union-wide measures to enable large-scale improvements to cycling infrastructure; draw up an EU-wide binding list of objects that should fall under the carrying requirement.
Member States were asked to :
introduce penalties which will act as a deterrent to offenders; significantly improve the state of their road infrastructure ; develop age-related accident prevention programs; address the issue of manipulation of or tampering with odometers through effective measures and legislation.
The Commission should include new targets for halving the number of serious injuries on the roads in the EU in its new road safety strategy for the decade 2020-2030.
Driver assistance systems to increase road safety : around 92 % of all accidents are caused by human error. Accordingly, Members proposed that it should therefore be compulsory to incorporate only those driver assistance systems that improve road safety significantly as demonstrated by scientific evidence.
Manufacturers should ensure that that the activation status of each driver assistance system is visible to the driver , and that warnings should also be easy to perceive for elderly persons, persons with a disability, and persons with reduced mobility.
Safety measures to prevent accidents and reduce their consequences : while welcoming the fact that emergency braking is already mandatory, since November 2015, for all new trucks and buses in the EU, Parliament called on the Commission to make it compulsory to install automatic emergency braking assistants with detection of pedestrians, cyclists, light powered two-wheelers and motorcyclists in cars, light commercial vehicles, buses, coaches and, especially, heavy goods vehicles.
The resolution also called for:
the compulsory installation of overridable intelligent speed assistant systems that indicate speed limits, stop signs and traffic lights and intervene to assist drivers to remain within speed limits; the installation of a an overridable lane-keeping assistance; road signs to be kept in excellent condition and that road markings are clearly legible; the mandatory introduction for trucks of ambitious differentiated direct vision standards, and reduction of blind spots ; the need to provide preconditions for installing alcohol interlock devices and systems to detect driver distraction and drowsiness; it to be made compulsory to install direct tyre pressure monitoring systems ; the installation of intelligent seatbelt reminder systems for all front seats for all vehicles and for rear seats for M1 and N1 vehicles; improved energy-absorbing front underrun protection for all new trucks; the extension of the eCall installation requirement to motorcycles, heavy goods vehicles and buses and coaches.
The Committee on Transport and Tourism adopted the own-initiative report by Dieter-Lebrecht KOCH (EPP, DE) on saving lives: boosting car safety in the EU.
The Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection, exercising its prerogative as an associated committee in accordance with Article 54 of the Rules of Procedure, also gave its opinion on the report.
The report stated that every year on Europe’s roads around 25 500 people die and some 135 000 are seriously injured. More effective measures need to be taken if the vision zero goal of ‘no fatalities’ is to be achieved.
Given that road safety depends on the vehicle, the infrastructure and the driver, efficient active and passive safety measures are needed at all three levels.
General requests : the report stressed that Member States should conduct efficient and regular road checks on drivers, as the main causes of accidents are speed levels that are inappropriate and excessive speed for the driving conditions concerned, distraction, driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, and excessive fatigue.
They called on the Commission to:
set a percentage for the numbers of vehicles in classes M1 and N1 to be checked; introduce stricter controls for the proper enforcement of compulsory working-time limits and rest periods for drivers who are professional road users; assess the possible added value of harmonising the EU blood alcohol concentration limit at 0.0% for new drivers in their first two years and for professional drivers; set common standards for the creation of corridors for emergency vehicle access on motorways and to launch a European awareness campaign; examine the safety requirements for e-bikes and other electric mobility devices;
Member States are called upon to:
introduce penalties which will act as a deterrent to offenders; significantly improve the state of their road infrastructure ;
Driver assistance systems to increase road safety : around 95 % of all accidents are caused by human error. This leads to the conclusion that a legislative obligation to install safety-related driver assistance systems is urgently needed.
Members proposed that it should therefore be compulsory to incorporate only those driver assistance systems which improve road safety significantly as demonstrated by scientific evidence.
Safety measures to prevent accidents : while welcoming the fact that emergency braking is already mandatory, since November 2015, for all new trucks and buses in the EU, Members called on the Commission to make it compulsory to install automatic emergency braking assistants with detection of pedestrians, cyclists, light powered two-wheelers and motorcyclists in cars, light commercial vehicles, buses, coaches and, especially, heavy goods vehicles, as these have a strong potential to prevent road accidents by means of autonomous powerful braking and a resulting shorter stopping distance.
They also called for:
the compulsory installation of over ridable intelligent speed assistant systems that indicate speed limits, stop signs and traffic lights and intervene to assist drivers to remain within speed limits; road signs to be kept in excellent condition and that road markings are clearly legible; the need to provide preconditions for installing alcohol interlock devices and systems to detect driver distraction and drowsiness; it to be made compulsory to install direct tyre pressure monitoring systems; the installation of intelligent seatbelt reminder systems for all front seats for all vehicles and for rear seats for M1 and N1 vehicles; improved energy-absorbing front underrun protection for all new trucks; the extension of the eCall installation requirement to motorcycles, heavy goods vehicles and buses and coaches.
PURPOSE: to propose ways to enhance vehicle safety in the EU.
BACKGROUND: vehicle safety rules in force in the European Union consist of a comprehensive package with proven effectiveness and track record. The interim evaluation of this policy confirmed the important and very substantial progress in reducing road deaths.
The number of road fatalities in the EU has come down considerably during the last 13 years, namely with an approximate 53% reduction from 54 300 in 2001 to 25 900 in 2014.
This increased safety can to a large extent be attributed to EU legislative requirements on safety of vehicles that have been introduced over these years as part of the EU policy on road safety. However, the problem of road safety remains an urgent one . In order to reach the EU strategic target of halving the number of road deaths from approximately 31 000 in 2010 to 15 000 in 2020, additional efforts are needed.
CONTENT: this report addressed to the European Parliament and the Council concerns the reporting on the monitoring and assessment of advanced vehicle safety features , their cost effectiveness and feasibility for the review of the regulation on general vehicle safety and the regulation on the protection of pedestrians and other vulnerable road users.
The report provides a comprehensive overview and proposes a way forward as regards improved vehicle safety for the benefit of all road users.
Key areas : four main areas of action have been identified consisting of 19 specific measures to increase vehicle safety. At this stage, the selected measures indeed appear to be feasible and cost-effective but should be subject to further studies.
The targeted measures may be summarised as follows:
(1) Active safety measures : this main area covers measures that have the ability to avoid accidents altogether rather than to mitigate their outcome. It is generally considered the most important area of future vehicle safety legislative advancement. The safety features covered are:
automatic emergency braking, intelligent speed adaptation, lane keep assistance, driver drowsiness and distraction monitoring.
(2) Passive safety measures : this area covers accident mitigation measures consisting of introduction of new requirements or enhancing of existing measures in the field of:
emergency braking display (flashing stop lamps), seat belt reminder, frontal crash testing, side crash testing, rear crash testing, alcohol interlock device interface standardisation, crash event data recorder, tyre pressure monitoring.
(3) Trucks and buses : the measures under consideration to improve:
the introduction or improvement of front-end design and direct vision, truck and trailer rear underrun protection (rear bumper), lateral protection (side guards), fire safety for buses.
(4) Pedestrians and cyclists : pedestrians and cyclists account for 30% of transport fatalities overall, but for almost 43% in urban areas.
This area foresees: (i) the introduction of pedestrian and cyclist detection (linked to automatic emergency braking systems), (ii) head impact protection on A-pillars and front windscreen, (iii) as well as reversing (backing up) detection of persons behind vehicles.
Future steps : the Commission has reviewed measures with potential to provide incremental but significant improvements to address a range of vehicle safety related issues. It will consider which of these might be brought forward in legislation following appropriate impact assessments of the costs and benefits including consideration to the cumulative impact on the competitiveness of the EU industry and a reasonable time-line allowing industrial adaptation.
Any new requirements on safety of vehicles for European roads should:
spur further innovation and investment to create quality jobs in the EU and bolster the competitiveness of EU industries; digitalise the internal market via the promotion of safety features that are considered the key enabling technologies to boost and support the wide-scale automation of vehicles as well as the Energy Union objectives of reduction of CO2 in transport.
Documents
- Commission response to text adopted in plenary: SP(2018)52
- Results of vote in Parliament: Results of vote in Parliament
- Decision by Parliament: T8-0423/2017
- Debate in Parliament: Debate in Parliament
- Committee report tabled for plenary: A8-0330/2017
- Committee opinion: PE606.030
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE608.073
- Committee draft report: PE606.166
- Non-legislative basic document published: COM(2016)0787
- Non-legislative basic document published: EUR-Lex
- Committee draft report: PE606.166
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE608.073
- Committee opinion: PE606.030
- Commission response to text adopted in plenary: SP(2018)52
Activities
- Daniela AIUTO
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Lucy ANDERSON
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Wim van de CAMP
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Nicola CAPUTO
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Michael CRAMER
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Mark DEMESMAEKER
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Georgios EPITIDEIOS
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Michela GIUFFRIDA
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Tania GONZÁLEZ PEÑAS
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Dieter-Lebrecht KOCH
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Jaromír KOHLÍČEK
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Janusz KORWIN-MIKKE
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Notis MARIAS
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Alex MAYER
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Morten MESSERSCHMIDT
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Olga SEHNALOVÁ
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Eleftherios SYNADINOS
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Adam SZEJNFELD
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Claudia ȚAPARDEL
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Janusz ZEMKE
Plenary Speeches (1)
Votes
A8-0330/2017 - Dieter-Lebrecht Koch - Vote unique 14/11/2017 12:41:54.000 #
Amendments | Dossier |
264 |
2017/2085(INI)
2017/06/27
IMCO
38 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1.
Amendment 10 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 e (new) 1e. Considers that technical inspections in the Member States should include verification that vehicle safety features are fully operational; this should apply to both active and passive safety features;
Amendment 11 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 Amendment 12 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Stresses that when non- conformities are identified, European consumers should be able to count on rapid, appropriate and coordinated corrective measures, including Union-wide vehicle recall where necessary;
Amendment 13 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Stresses that when non- conformities are identified, European consumers should be able to count on rapid, appropriate and coordinated corrective measures, including Union-wide vehicle recall where necessary, as well as have recourse to compensatory remedies such as refunds, replacements and repairs with the use of courtesy cars;
Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Stresses that when non- conformities are identified, European consumers
Amendment 15 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 Amendment 16 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Stresses that the digital single market should not serve as a cover for pressing ahead with large-scale vehicle automation; takes the view that the watchword for vehicle regulation must be 'free citizens who are free to drive', eschewing any drift towards a socialistic transport regime under which independent driving is only possible with a special permit; points out that drivers taking sole responsibility for their actions have set an example by making Europe’s roads the safest in the world; warns against replacing this example with the spectre of robotic vehicles; stresses that private ownership is the overriding principle with regard to vehicles also and that environmental factors must not serve as a pretext for motorists being drawn into a collaborative economy;
Amendment 17 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Stresses that the revision of General Safety Regulation 661/2009 and the Pedestrian Protection Regulation 78/2009 represent the most direct and effective measures the EU has to further reduce road deaths and injuries;
Amendment 18 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 b (new) 2b. Recognises that the share of deaths of unprotected road users is increasing as car occupants have benefited from improved vehicle safety and, consequently, a renewed focus on vulnerable road users (pedestrians and cyclists) is needed;
Amendment 19 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Believes that full cost-benefit analysis in the form of adequate ex ante impact assessments by the Commission is essential for any new Union safety requirements, and that particular consideration should be given to
Amendment 2 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Recognises that improving road safety in the EU begins with ensuring that existing and future provisions can be implemented and checked effectively; calls, in that regard, for increased best practice sharing and independent and peer reviews of type approval and technical services in the Union;
Amendment 20 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Believes that full cost-benefit analysis in the form of adequate ex ante impact assessments by the Commission is essential for any new Union safety requirements, and that particular consideration should be given to their potential impact on the price of new cars for European consumers, as well their effect on vehicle emissions; recommends, furthermore, that the implementation of new Union road safety requirements be synchronised with the activities of the UN
Amendment 21 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Believes that full cost-benefit analysis in the form of adequate ex ante impact assessments by the Commission is essential for any new Union safety requirements, and that particular consideration should be given to their potential impact on the price of new cars for European consumers
Amendment 22 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Is of the opinion that any new Union safety measures should be
Amendment 23 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Is of the opinion that any new Union safety measures should
Amendment 24 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Recognises that while almost all cars tested by Euro NCAP consumer testing programme are awarded 5 stars, cars that only meet the minimum EU legal requirements today would receive zero stars; recognises also that the majority of car manufacturers successfully responded to the challenge of meeting new Euro NCAP requirements; believes that type approval requirements need to be updated; believes that regulation is needed to ensure that safety benefits are spread equally to all EU citizens, since indeed not all car models sold in Europe are tested by Euro NCAP, and not all of the same type are sold with the same standards of safety equipment;
Amendment 25 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Takes the view that any new vehicle safety requirements should encourage innovation and investment within the EU, stimulate the competitiveness of our industries and help generate employment;
Amendment 26 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 b (new) 4b. Considers that improved safety features have already proved to be an additional asset for the European automotive industry, gaining it recognition as the producer of the world’s safest vehicles, bearing in mind that consumer safety, far from being a burden, is a quality guarantee for European products;
Amendment 27 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Welcomes the improvements that market-led technological developments have already brought to Union road safety, and encourages the continued exploration of the opportunities the digital revolution offers in that regard; reminds regarding the digital revolution and the rising importance of automated and connected driving, the protection of the consumer´s data in the vehicle should have the highest possible standards and where the data processing and forwarding is not mandatory for the safe functioning of the vehicle, consumers must be able to stop the data transfer to the vehicle manufacturer easily; calls for continuing research and the development of new standards in autonomous emergency braking, lane keeping assistance and reverse detection technologies for motor vehicles, high vision cabins and front-end blind spot cameras and detection for HGVs
Amendment 28 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Welcomes the improvements that market-led technological developments have already brought to Union road safety, and encourages the continued exploration of the opportunities the digital revolution offers in that regard; emphasises that the protection of personal data is fundamental, and underlines that public administrations should handle personal data securely in line with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the EU Rules on Privacy; considers it important to further explore the principle of data ownership; calls for continuing research and the development of new standards in autonomous emergency braking, lane keeping assistance and reverse detection technologies for motor vehicles, and front-end blind spot cameras and detection for HGVs; calls for phasing in specific measures which significantly increase vehicle safety.
Amendment 29 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Welcomes the improvements that
Amendment 3 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Recognises that improving road safety in the EU begins with ensuring that existing and future provisions can be implemented and checked effectively; calls, in that regard, for increased
Amendment 30 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Welcomes the improvements that market-led technological developments have already brought to Union road safety, and encourages the continued exploration of the opportunities the digital revolution offers in that regard; calls for continuing research
Amendment 31 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Calls on the Commission to bring forward requirements administered under type approval processes to improve pedestrian and cyclist awareness and safety as regards heavy duty vehicles with large blind-spot zones; acknowledges requirements in the weights and dimensions Directive 96/63/EC as amended by Directive (EU) 2015/719 and encourages that the mandate given to the Commission is reviewed to ensure it is fit for purpose or renewed in future legislation in order that legal certainty is given to allow action in this area;
Amendment 32 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Believes that ambitious safety standards benefit the automotive industry by helping European vehicle producers and suppliers maintain their global lead in safety technology; believes that this strengthens their competitive position on the global market but also increases export opportunities.
Amendment 33 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Calls on the Commission to consider the inclusion in future proposals of mandatory tyre pressure monitoring systems, fire extinguishers, hammers/window glass breakers and seatbelt cutters, in all vehicles;
Amendment 34 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. welcomes the mandatory nature of the provisions being sought by the classification body, which could contribute to more uniform levels of protection, and stresses the importance thereof;
Amendment 35 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new) Amendment 36 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new) 5b. Maintains that the EU and its research centres should play a leading role in the development of autonomous vehicles, which will revolutionise the automobile sector, especially in terms of road safety, being expected to save thousands of lives every year, as well as contributing to the digitalisation of the Internal Market.
Amendment 37 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new) 5b. Recognises the added value of retrofitting older vehicles where appropriate with additional safety features included in newer models; believes that incentivising retrofitting through tax reductions and lower insurance premiums could be an effective tool in enhancing vehicle safety in Europe;
Amendment 38 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new) 5b. Considers that all EU citizens should be given better access to vehicles meeting high safety standards.
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Recognises that improving road safety in the EU begins with ensuring that existing and future provisions can be implemented and checked effectively; calls, in that regard, for increased best practice sharing and independent
Amendment 5 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Recognises that 25,500 people lost their lives on EU roads in 2016 and a further 135,000 were seriously injured, causing a devastating human suffering; stresses that fatality reduction rates have plateaued in recent years and unless further efforts are made, it is unlikely that the EU's target of halving the number of road deaths between 2010 and 2020 will be met;
Amendment 6 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) (1a) Welcomes this report from the Commission and calls on it to table specific legislative proposals as soon as possible with a view to improving vehicle safety;
Amendment 7 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Considers that improving road safety requires a coherent and integrated approach and calls for the mainstreaming of road safety issues in all relevant policy areas, including environmental awareness, consumer policy and cooperation in police and judicial matters;
Amendment 8 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 c (new) 1c. Stresses that a coherent of road safety policy must include all factors, such as drivers’ behaviour, road infrastructures and the vehicle safety features; to this end, it is essential to have access to high quality comparable data that can be used for the purposes of behavioural anticipation and the development of technical solutions, while respecting the data privacy of users;
Amendment 9 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 d (new) 1d. Acknowledges the progress made by the Union in reducing road accidents and associated costs thanks to its vehicle safety legislation introduced over the years;
source: 607.830
2017/07/17
TRAN
226 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 3 a (new) - having regard to Regulation (EU) 2015/758 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2015 concerning type-approval requirements for the deployment of the eCall in-vehicle system based on the 112 service and amending Directive 2007/46/EC,
Amendment 10 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas the installation of driver assistance systems in vehicles for persons
Amendment 100 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 – point b (b)
Amendment 101 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 – point c (c) to ensure that, each time a vehicle is started afresh, the driver assistance system
Amendment 102 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 – point c (c) to ensure that, each time a vehicle is started afresh, the driver assistance system is restored to active status or the last status chosen by the driver (depending on the system);
Amendment 103 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 – point c (
Amendment 104 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 – point c a (new) ca) to support developments and innovations which will increase the safety of cars already in use by installing additional devices and sensors that help drivers better monitor the road around them and react in a dangerous situation;
Amendment 105 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 – point c a (new) (c a) to ensure that technologies, products and services are barrier-free accessible also for persons with a handicap and with reduced mobility (PRMs);
Amendment 106 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 – point c b (new) cb) to introduce a pricing policy which will encourage consumers to choose vehicles equipped with safety and driver- assistence systems;
Amendment 107 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Stresses that warnings should be sufficiently distinct from one another to make it intuitively clear to which system the assistance pertains
Amendment 108 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Stresses that warnings should be sufficiently distinct from one another to make it intuitively clear to which system the assistance pertains, and that warnings should moreover also be easy to perceive for older persons and persons with limited mobility; calls therefore on the parties concerned to adopt
Amendment 109 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Stresses that warnings should be sufficiently distinct from one another to make it intuitively clear to which system the assistance pertains, and that warnings should moreover also be easy to perceive for older persons, persons with hearing and sight impairments and persons with limited mobility; calls therefore on the parties concerned to adopt appropriate uniform standards;
Amendment 11 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas the installation of driver assistance systems in vehicles for persons
Amendment 110 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Stresses that warnings should be sufficiently distinct from one another to make it intuitively clear to which system the assistance pertains, and that warnings should moreover also be easy to perceive for older persons and persons with
Amendment 111 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Stresses that warnings, which should be standardised in the same form for all vehicles, should be sufficiently distinct from one another to make it intuitively clear to which system the assistance pertains, and that warnings should moreover also be easy to perceive for older persons and persons with limited mobility; calls therefore on the parties concerned to adopt appropriate uniform standards;
Amendment 112 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 Amendment 113 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Encourages the European New Car Assessment Programme to
Amendment 114 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Encourages the European New Car Assessment Programme to be more ambitious in assessing the safety of new vehicles than the statutory minimum requirements compel it to, in order to promote yet further the development of vehicles
Amendment 115 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10 a. Is of the opinion that the Euro NCAP should always reflect the actual car safety of a specific model and strongly rejects the current practice where the normally high-ranked models actually perform less well in real life, because they are stripped of the non-mandatory advanced safety features in specific countries;
Amendment 116 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10 a. Reiterates the importance of making use of satellite-based positioning systems and of applying EGNOS/GNSS system to road-active safety for achieving accurate collision mitigation and avoidance systems;
Amendment 117 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 b (new) 10 b. Considers that more efforts should be made in order to achieve an EGNOS/GNSS road-active safety accuracy of less than one meter in order to shift from the system's ability to reduce vehicle speed to the system's ability to automatically intervening and deviating the vehicle trajectory;
Amendment 118 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 c (new) 10 c. Considers that Enhanced Road Safety by integrating Egnos-Galileo data with on-board Control system (ERSEC measuring system) should be promoted and used at large scale as it represents an excellent tool for enhancing road safety by its level of confidence of collision avoidance performance;
Amendment 119 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Calls on the Commission to coordinate the adoption of standards with the UNECE so as to achieve international consistency and at the same time
Amendment 12 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas intelligent driving systems reduce congestion, warn drivers of hazards on their route, and consequently help to lower the risk of causing an accident;
Amendment 120 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Calls on the Commission to coordinate the adoption of standards with the UNECE so as to achieve international consistency and at the same time limit to a minimum exemptions from the requirement to install driver assistance systems, in order to improve road safety across the board; stresses, in addition, that manufacturers should create clear information materials to help drivers better understand the various driver- assistence systems and their functionalities;
Amendment 121 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Calls on the Commission to investigate the involvement of special- purpose vehicles in urban accidents and, if necessary, to
Amendment 122 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Calls on the Commission to investigate the involvement of special- purpose vehicles in urban accidents and, if necessary, to
Amendment 123 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 a (new) 12a. Points out that, in view of the widespread use of automatic driver assistance systems, driving schools should incorporate issues relating to the operation of these systems and how to act if they cease to function into their learner training;
Amendment 124 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 a (new) 12 a. Points out the importance of extensive, professional and on-road driver training to achieve further road fatality and serious injury reduction;
Amendment 125 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 b (new) 12 b. Considers that the acquiring of a drivers licence needs to be coupled to having received professional and on-road practical training in order to ensure a necessary level of driver competence;
Amendment 126 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 Amendment 127 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 13.
Amendment 128 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 13. Calls for incentives for measures to promote road safety based on insurance or taxation aspects, such as the installation of additional safety-relevant driver assistance systems in new and used cars, or driver training;
Amendment 129 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Calls on the Commission and market operators to arrange for
Amendment 13 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas the move towards completely driver-free vehicles is progressing rapidly and that road safety generally is an urgent issue, so that a review of the General Safety Regulation
Amendment 130 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Calls on the Commission and market operators to arrange for
Amendment 131 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Calls on the Commission and market operators to arrange for open standards and interfaces so that no systems peculiar to a single manufacturer limit interoperability
Amendment 132 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Calls on the Commission and market operators to arrange for open standards and interfaces so that no systems peculiar to a single manufacturer limit interoperability and so that independent tests are possible, thanks to access to the relevant vehicle and system data, including updates to them, and can be carried out by any qualified professional;
Amendment 133 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Calls on the Commission and market operators to
Amendment 134 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Calls on the Commission
Amendment 135 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 a (new) 14 a. Calls on the Commission to test those safety devices when performing vehicles market surveillance;
Amendment 136 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Stresses that a high level of data protection as required by the General Data Protection Regulation and by the right to protection of privacy and personal data should be ensured, as should high IT security, so that the possibility of new accident risks due to remote manipulation of on-board systems or conflicts of compatibility is excluded and recommends that the princple of ownership of data is explored;
Amendment 137 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Stresses that a high level of data protection as required by Regulation (EU) 2016/679 on the General Data Protection
Amendment 138 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Stresses that a high level of data protection and retention as required by the General Data Protection Regulation and by the right to protection of privacy and personal data should be ensured, as should high IT security, so that the possibility of new accident risks due to remote manipulation of on-board systems or conflicts of compatibility is excluded;
Amendment 139 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 a (new) 15 a. Stresses the need for reliable position and time information from the EU satelite navigation programs GALILEO and EGNOS for some of the driving assistance systems and calls therefore for the full deployment of GALILEO and the swift implementation of the space strategy;
Amendment 14 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas the move towards completely driver-free vehicles is progressing rapidly, so that a review of the General Safety Regulation needs to be submitted by the Commission no later than January 2018, any further delay is not acceptable anymore;
Amendment 140 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16.
Amendment 141 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Calls on the Commission to make it compulsory to install automatic emergency braking assistants with cyclist and pedestrian recognition in cars, light commercial vehicles, buses, coaches and especially heavy goods vehicles, as they have strong potential to prevent accidents due to autonomous powerful braking and the resultant shorter stopping distance;
Amendment 142 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Calls on the Commission to make it compulsory to install automatic emergency braking assistants with cyclist and pedestrian recognition in cars, light commercial vehicles, buses, coaches and heavy goods vehicles, as they have strong potential to prevent road accidents due to autonomous powerful braking and the resultant shorter stopping distance;
Amendment 143 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Calls on the Commission to
Amendment 144 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Calls on the Commission to
Amendment 145 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Calls on the Commission to make it compulsory to install automatic emergency braking assistants with cyclist and pedestrian
Amendment 146 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 a (new) 16 a. Calls on the Commission to elaborate and prioritize on the final list of potential measures and ranking these measures by their effectiveness;
Amendment 147 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17. Stresses that, in order to improve road safety, the
Amendment 148 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17. Stresses that, in order to improve road safety, the deceleration of vehicles should be rendered easier for other road users to perceive by means of clear signal lights on vehicles, and expects the compulsory use of an emergency braking indicator in the form of a
Amendment 149 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17. Stresses that, in order to improve road safety, the deceleration of vehicles should be rendered easier for other road users to perceive by means of clear signal lights on vehicles, and expects the compulsory use of an emergency braking
Amendment 15 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas the move towards completely driver-free vehicles is progressing rapidly, so that a review of the General Safety Regulation needs to be submitted by the Commission without any further delay and in any case no later than January 2018;
Amendment 150 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for the compulsory installation of overridable intelligent assistants to indicate speed limits
Amendment 151 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for the compulsory installation of non-overridable intelligent assistants t
Amendment 152 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for the compulsory installation of overridable intervening intelligent speed assistan
Amendment 153 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for the compulsory installation of overridable intelligent assistants to indicate speed limits, stop signs and traffic lights indications and calls on Member States to ensure that road signs are kept in
Amendment 154 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for the compulsory installation of overridable intelligent speed assistant
Amendment 155 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for the compulsory installation of overridable intelligent speed assistant
Amendment 156 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for the compulsory installation of overridable intervening intelligent speed assistan
Amendment 157 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for the compulsory installation of overridable intelligent speed assistants
Amendment 158 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for
Amendment 159 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for the
Amendment 16 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas the move towards
Amendment 160 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for the compulsory installation of overridable intelligent assistants to indicate speed limits, and calls on Member States to ensure that road signs are kept in excellent condition, and that road markings are clearly legible and well positioned at a suitable distance for them to be seen and acted upon;
Amendment 161 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Calls for the compulsory installation of overridable intelligent assistants to indicate speed limits
Amendment 162 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Stresses that, due to its relevance to road safety, a lane departure warning system
Amendment 163 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Stresses that, due to its relevance to road safety, a overridable lane departure warning system that not only warns but also a
Amendment 164 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Stresses that, due to its relevance to road safety, a lane departure warning system that not only warns but also actively intervenes, albeit without preventing drivers from acting directly, should be
Amendment 165 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Stresses that, due to its relevance to road safety, a lane departure warning system that not only warns but also actively intervenes, albeit without preventing drivers from acting directly, should be made compulsory; Notes that for using this warning system it is necessary that road markings are kept in condition which can be clearly recognizable;
Amendment 166 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Stresses that, due to its relevance to road safety, a lane
Amendment 167 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20.
Amendment 168 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20.
Amendment 169 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20.
Amendment 17 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) C a. whereas bicycles, e-bikes, e-rollers and other alternative means of urban transport should be taken into consideration in urban traffic planning tackling their relation to cars and buses, with special safeguards to pedestrians as the most vulnerable group;
Amendment 170 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Emphasises that increasing the
Amendment 171 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Emphasises that increasing
Amendment 172 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Emphasises that increasing
Amendment 173 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Emphasises that increasing the immediate field of vision in heavy goods vehicles, buses and coaches, and reducing the blind spot, can help significantly to improve the road safety of such vehicles, and calls on the Commission to make it compulsory
Amendment 174 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Emphasises that increasing the
Amendment 175 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Emphasises that increasing the
Amendment 176 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Emphasises that increasing the immediate field of direct vision in heavy goods vehicles, buses and coaches, and reducing the blind spot can help significantly to improve the road safety of such vehicles, and calls on the Commission to make it compulsory to install cameras and turning assistant systems, while observing that such measures should accord with Directive (EU) 2015/719 and should not result in any extension of the time limits for implementation laid down there;
Amendment 177 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20a. Calls on the Commission to step up efforts to develop specific manufacturing standards improving the area of direct visibility around vehicles for the drivers of heavy-duty and light-duty vehicles;
Amendment 178 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20 a. Calls for safer front-end design of heavy goods vehicles related to better vision of pedestrians and cyclists as well as for barriers to avoid collisions and mitigate consequences of collisions;
Amendment 179 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20 a. Encourages ITS and public transport operators to further develop technologies on vehicles that encourage drivers to switch to safer modes of transport when entering into urban areas;
Amendment 18 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) C a. whereas 73 % of European citizens consider road safety to be a serious problem in cities, and whereas more than 30 % of road fatalities and serious injuries happen in urban areas and often involve vulnerable road users (VRUs) and pedestrians;
Amendment 180 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Stresses that
Amendment 181 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Stresses that devices to operate alcohol-sensitive immobilisers and systems to recognise the state of the driver should be provided, and
Amendment 182 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Stresses that devices to operate alcohol-sensitive immobilisers and systems to recognise the state of the driver should be provided, and recommends the use of alcohol interlocks for drivers
Amendment 183 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Stresses that devices to operate alcohol-sensitive immobilisers and systems to recognise the state of the driver should be provided, and recommends the use of alcohol interlocks for drivers who have been convicted of drunk driving, as a rehabilitation measure; stresses that the installation of these systems should be obligatory in cars driven by persons who have been found guilty of causing a fatal traffic accident under the influence of alcohol;
Amendment 184 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Stresses that devices to operate alcohol-sensitive immobilisers and systems to recognise the state of the driver should be provided, and recommends the use of alcohol interlocks for drivers who have been convicted of drunk driving, as a rehabilitation measure; points out that the reliability and inviolability of these systems must be developed, and that this is particularly important for bus and heavy goods vehicle drivers;
Amendment 185 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 a (new) 21 a. Recommends that further action should be taken by the Commission in relation to the in-vehicle Tyre Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS) that can react to quick deflation in seconds rather than minutes;this is a major safety concern on improving tyre-related safety and along with harmonised European standard for winter tyres, more effort to enforce existing rules on tread depth should be considered;
Amendment 186 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 a (new) 21a. Stresses that provision should be made for installing sensors and a mechanism for braking in the event of a driver not reacting, or reacting too slowly, to dashboard warning lights and acoustic signals alerting them to the fact that they are about to collide with an oncoming vehicle;
Amendment 187 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Observes that tyre pressure has significant implications for road safety and fuel consumption, and calls therefore on the Commission to make it compulsory to install tyre pressure monitoring systems
Amendment 188 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Observes that tyre pressure has significant implications for road safety
Amendment 189 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Observes that tyre pressure has significant implications for road safety and fuel consumption, and calls therefore on the Commission to make it compulsory to install tyre pressure monitoring systems
Amendment 19 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) C a. whereas vulnerable road users such as pedestrians and cyclists need better protection and therefore, the European Commission should present the review of the Pedestrian Protection Regulation within next six months;
Amendment 190 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Observes that tyre pressure has significant implications for road safety
Amendment 191 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Observes that tyre pressure has significant implications for road safety and fuel consumption, and calls therefore on the Commission to
Amendment 192 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Observes that tyre pressure has significant implications for road safety and fuel consumption, and calls therefore on the Commission to
Amendment 193 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Observes that tyre pressure has significant implications for road safety and fuel consumption, and calls therefore on the Commission to make it compulsory to install
Amendment 194 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Observes that tyre pressure has significant implications for road safety and fuel consumption, and calls therefore on the Commission to make it compulsory to install direct tyre pressure monitoring systems, which should come with a safety net that should be able to recognise and alert drivers at least to a critical air pressure of less than 1.5 bar;
Amendment 195 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Observes that tyre pressure has significant implications for road safety and fuel consumption, and calls therefore on the Commission to make it compulsory to install digital tyre pressure monitoring systems, which should come with a safety net that should be able to recognise and alert drivers at least to a critical air pressure of less than 1.5 bar;
Amendment 196 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Considers it necessary to
Amendment 197 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Considers it necessary to
Amendment 198 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Considers it necessary to make it compulsory to install intelligent seatbelt reminder systems for
Amendment 199 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Considers it necessary to make it compulsory to install seatbelt reminder systems for rows of back seats
Amendment 2 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 10 a (new) - having regard to its resolution of 18 May 2017 on road transport in the European Union,
Amendment 20 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) C a. whereas there is a clear link between road safety and working conditions of road drivers;
Amendment 200 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 a (new) 23 a. Considers it important to make compulsory to install automated seatbelt adjustment systems in order to avoid neck damage;
Amendment 201 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Calls on the Commission
Amendment 202 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Calls on the Commission, from 2019, to extend the eCall installation requirement to motorcycles, heavy goods vehicles and buses and coaches; stresses, however, that the system should be extended to other groups of vehicles only after an in-depth analysis has been carried out into the benefits it has brought to the vehicles already fitted with it;
Amendment 203 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Calls on the Commission, from 2019, to extend the eCall installation requirement to motorcycles, heavy goods vehicles and buses and coaches, and also to make the system available for retrofitting so as to ensure that it can cover the highest possible numbers of vehicles on the road;
Amendment 204 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Calls on the Commission, from 2019, to extend the eCall installation requirement to motorcycle helmets, heavy goods vehicles and buses and coaches;
Amendment 205 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24a. Points out that, in many cases, road accident victims also include animals carried by car and therefore calls on the Commission to make specific restraint systems compulsory and to take animals into account for the purposes of calculating numbers of passengers on board;
Amendment 206 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24 a. Calls on the Commission to update the testing requirements for motor vehicle passive safety systems to include all Vulnerable Road User frontal impacts, including cyclists;
Amendment 207 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24 a. Calls on the Commission to update the testing requirements for motor vehicle passive safety systems to include all Vulnerable Road User frontal impacts including cyclists;
Amendment 208 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24 a. Calls on the Commission to update the testing requirements for motor vehicle passive safety systems to include all Vulnerable Road User frontal impacts including cyclists;
Amendment 209 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25. Calls for accurate, reliable EU-wide accident statistics, including statistics on the causes of accidents, exposure data, and listing of injuries and accident victims, and observes that an accident database could be very helpful in this connection, in which context the data must be kept anonymous and used only for purposes of accident research;
Amendment 21 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C b (new) C b. whereas driver training is key in achieving the ambitious Vision Zero goal, while drivers' instruction should include periodical and additional trainings in using obligatory driver assistance mechanism, with special attention to the elderly and persons with limited mobility;
Amendment 210 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25. Calls for accurate, reliable EU-wide
Amendment 211 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25. Calls for accurate, reliable EU-wide accident statistics, including statistics on the causes of accidents, exposure data, and listing of injuries and accident victims, and observes that an accident database could be very helpful in this connection, in which context the data must be kept anonymous and used only for purposes of accident research;
Amendment 212 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25. Calls for accurate, reliable EU-wide accident statistics, including statistics on the causes of accidents and listing of injuries and accident victims, and observes that an accident database
Amendment 213 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25. Calls for accurate, reliable EU-wide accident statistics, including statistics on the causes of accidents and listing of injuries and accident victims, and observes that an
Amendment 214 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 a (new) 25a. Calls for data to be collected throughout the EU on vehicle occupants killed or injured due to causes other than collisions;notes that there are no data available on vehicle heat-stroke casualties;
Amendment 215 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 a (new) 25 a. Calls for updating of the testing requirements for motor vehicle active and passive safety systems, which would take into account not only pedestrians but also cyclists;
Amendment 216 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 b (new) 25 b. Calls for better fire safety rules for buses and coaches with different type of power, including the CNG powered buses, to maximize the protection of passengers safety;
Amendment 217 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 a (new) 25a. The Commission should assess the potential risk of accidents related to billboards and advertisements alongside roads and motorways;
Amendment 218 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 a (new) 26 a. Calls on the Commission to update the testing requirements for motor vehicle passive safety systems to include Vulnerable Road User front and rear impact;
Amendment 219 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 a (new) 26 a. Calls on the Commission that it makes sure that the market will have sufficient and realistic time to adapt to these measures;
Amendment 22 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C b (new) C b. whereas 38 % of all fatalities occur in urban areas and 55% on inter- urban roads, whereas the victims are most often cyclists and other vulnerable road users, and whereas accidents are linked to high vehicle concentrations and speed;
Amendment 220 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 a (new) Amendment 221 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 a (new) 26 a. Observes that a re-design of front underrun protection (FUP) of heavy- goods vehicles can reduce fatalities in head-on collisions between cars and heavy-goods vehicles by 20%, calls on the Commission to mandate improved energy absorbing FUPs for all new vehicles as of 2022;
Amendment 222 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 b (new) 26 b. Observes that redesigned front and rear underrun protection (FUP) of HGVs could reduce fatalities in head-on collisions between cars and HGVs with 20%, calls on the Commission to mandate improved energy absorbing FUPs for all new vehicles;
Amendment 223 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 b (new) 26 b. Stresses that Directive 2015/719 on Weights and Dimensions offers great potential to improve truck safety, deplores that the Commission missed the deadline for an assessment of the need to adopt or amend any technical requirements for type- approval of aerodynamic device1a, and calls upon the Commission to accelerate the work on this Directive, to make a public statement on this issue as soon as possible and to present its report before December 2017; _________________ 1asee the deadline in Article 8b (27 May 2017)
Amendment 224 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 a (new) 26 a. Stresses that Directive (EU) 2015/719 on weights & Dimensions of HGVs has great potential to improve truck safety, and notes that the Commission has missed the deadline of 27 May 2017 under that Directive for assessing the need to adopt or amend any technical requirements for type-approval of aerodynamic devices laid down within that framework, and therefore calls on the Commission to present its assessment immediately and accelerate the work on this Directive;
Amendment 225 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 b (new) 26 b. Stresses that the Directive (EU) 2015/719 – Weights & Dimensions of HGVs – has great potential to improve truck safety.The Commission missed the deadline from 27 May 2017.Calls on the Commission to present its assessment by the end of 2017 and accelerate the work on this Directive;
Amendment 226 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 c (new) 26 c. Emphasises that the Directive (EU) 2015/719 – Weights & Dimensions - is a unique opportunity to improve HGV safety, calls on the Commission to accelerate work on this Directive and come forward with their assessment before the end of 2017.
Amendment 23 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C c (new) C c. whereas pedestrians and cyclists are also integral part of the traffic and therefore their relation to other modes of transport should be improved;
Amendment 24 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – introductory part 1. Stresses that Member States should conduct efficient checks on road traffic, as the main causes of accidents, at present as in the past, are inappropriate and excessive speed, distraction, not giving way and driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, and therefore calls on:
Amendment 25 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – introductory part 1. Stresses that Member States should conduct efficient checks on road traffic, as among the main causes of accidents, at present as in the past, are inappropriate and excessive speed, distraction and driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, excessive fatigue, and therefore calls on:
Amendment 26 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – introductory part 1. Stresses that Member States should conduct efficient checks on road traffic, as the main causes of accidents, at present as in the past, are inappropriate and excessive speed for the driving conditions, distraction and driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, and therefore calls on:
Amendment 27 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – introductory part 1. Stresses that Member States should conduct efficient and regular checks on road traffic, as the main causes of accidents, at present as in the past, are inappropriate and excessive speed, distraction and driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, and therefore calls on:
Amendment 28 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – introductory part 1. Stresses that Member States should conduct efficient checks on
Amendment 29 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – point a (a) the Commission to set a percentage for the numbers of vehicles of classes M1 and N1 to be checked, and also to focus on their definition and harmonisation across the EU, and
Amendment 3 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 20 a (new) - having regard to the package Europe on the Move, released by the Commission on 31st May 2017, which includes a set of 8 legislative initiatives with a special focus on road transport,
Amendment 30 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – point a (a) the Commission to set a percentage for the numbers of drivers of vehicles of classes M1 and N1 to be checked, and
Amendment 31 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – point b (b) the Member States to step up exchanges of tried and tested procedures, particularly regarding smart enforcement strategies, and to introduce penalties which will act as a deterrent to offenders;
Amendment 32 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – point b (b) the Member States to step up exchanges of
Amendment 33 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – point b (b) the Member States to step up exchanges of
Amendment 34 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – point b a (new) (b a) the Member States to introduce better requirements for the safety of light quadri-mobiles and if needed, introduce measures to promote speed-limited cars instead of light quadri-mobiles;
Amendment 35 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – point b a (new) (b a) calls on the Commission to strengthen controls of the correct enforcement of compulsory working time and resting period of road drivers;
Amendment 36 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 – point b b (new) (b b) to facilitate those controls, asks the Commission to expand the smart tachograph obligation to light utility vehicles;
Amendment 37 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Urges that Europe should remain ambitious and act as a global leader in car safety in order to come to higher, global safety standards and less road casualties;
Amendment 38 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 b (new) 1 b. Calls for a harmonised, European approach, which takes into account all existing international and national legislation and ensures its complementarity;
Amendment 39 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Calls for a harmonised EU blood alcohol concentration limit of 0.0% for new drivers in the first two years and for professional drivers, and a harmonised EU blood alcohol concentration limit close to zero for all other drivers;
Amendment 4 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas every year around 25 500 people die on Europe’s roads and some 135 000 people are seriously injured, so that more – and more effective – measures
Amendment 40 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2 a. Notes that according to the European Commission statistics, around 25 % of the overall annual traffic fatalities in the EU are caused by the alcohol consumption, and therefore welcomes the zero tolerance policy for drink driving in some Member States;
Amendment 41 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Calls on Member States to improve their road infrastructure significantly by means of regular maintenance and innovative measure providing full functionality of driver assistance systems leading to so-called intelligent infrastructure, calls on the Commission to assess the viability of a "Pan-European black list" stating dangerous spots and intersections and its integration with vehicle navigation systems;
Amendment 42 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Calls on Member States to improve their road infrastructure significantly by means of regular maintenance and innovative measures; points to the importance of rationalising existing infrastructure by completing those parts still unfinished and in that way eliminating network 'gaps' or 'bottlenecks', enhancing interoperability, especially in freight transport, and adapting inadequate road networks to cope with traffic volumes; maintains that upgrading existing infrastructure should in any event be considered preferable to new infrastructure building;
Amendment 43 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Calls on Member States to improve their road infrastructure
Amendment 44 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Calls on Member States to significantly improve their road infrastructure
Amendment 45 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Calls on Member States to improve the state of their road infrastructure significantly by maintaining a high level of investment and by means of regular maintenance and innovative measures;
Amendment 46 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Calls on Member States to improve their road infrastructure significantly by means of regular maintenance, maintenance of traffic signalling systems and innovative measures;
Amendment 47 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Calls on Member States to improve their road infrastructure significantly by means of regular maintenance, appropriate upgrades and innovative measures;
Amendment 48 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Given that local authorities have a key interest in ensuring the safety of cyclists, calls on the Commission to take further action at EU level over and above the availability of existing funding schemes in order to facilitate widespread improvements to cycling infrastructure, and to provide technical guidance regarding the development of soft traffic infrastructures to help ensure an effective and harmonised approach;
Amendment 49 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Points out that infrastructural alterations (for example certain types of crash barrier or traffic-calming devices) can sometimes cause accidents or make them worse, especially when motorised two-wheelers are involved;calls on the Commission, therefore, to propose any standardisation measure likely to remedy the drawbacks;
Amendment 5 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas every year around 25 500 people die on Europe’s roads and some 135 000 people are seriously injured, so that more – and more effective – measures are needed if the
Amendment 50 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Calls on the Commission to set common standards for the creation of corridors for emergency vehicle access and calls on the Member States to set dissuasive penalties for drivers not respecting the existant national rules on the corridors for emergency vehicle access and to launch corresponding campaigns;
Amendment 51 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Calls on the Commissions to set up a mechanism to ensure the European road infrastructure are in an adequate condition, and to set up maintenance standards, included in terms of correct road and traffic signs;
Amendment 52 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Observes that nearly half of all pedestrians and cyclist
Amendment 53 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Observes that nearly half of all pedestrians and cyclists killed on the roads are aged over 65
Amendment 54 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Observes that nearly half of all pedestrians and cyclists killed on the roads are aged over 65, and calls on Member States to make it possible for older people to use the roads safely by developing programmes, which should be well publicised, to avert age-specific risks of accidents;
Amendment 55 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Observes that, in 43% of cases, fatal road accidents in urban areas occur to pedestrians and cyclists, and
Amendment 56 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Observes that, in 43% of cases, fatal road accidents in urban areas occur to pedestrians and cyclists, and calls on Member States to take greater account of the more vulnerable road users
Amendment 57 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Observes that, in 43% of cases, fatal road accidents in urban areas occur to pedestrians and cyclists, and calls on Member States to take greater account of the more vulnerable road users
Amendment 58 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Observes that, in 43% of cases, fatal road accidents in urban areas occur to pedestrians and cyclists, and calls on Member States to take greater account of the more vulnerable road users in building and maintaining roads, for example by building more
Amendment 59 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Observes that, in 43% of cases, fatal road accidents in urban areas occur to pedestrians and cyclists, and calls on Member States to take greater account of the more vulnerable road users in building and maintaining roads, for example by building more cycle
Amendment 6 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas every year around 25 500 people die on Europe’s roads and some 135 000 people are seriously injured, so that more – and more effective – measures are needed if the vision zero goal of ‘no fatalities’ is to be achieved;
Amendment 60 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Observes that, in 43% of cases, fatal road accidents in urban areas occur to pedestrians and cyclists, and calls on Member States to take greater account of the more vulnerable road users in building and maintaining roads, for example by building more cycle
Amendment 61 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Observes that, in 43% of cases, fatal road accidents in urban areas occur to pedestrians and cyclists, and calls on Member States to take greater account of the more vulnerable road users in building and maintaining roads, for example by building more
Amendment 62 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Observes that, in 43% of cases, fatal road accidents in urban areas occur to pedestrians and cyclists, and calls on Member States to take greater account of the more vulnerable road users in building and maintaining roads, for example by building more cycle paths, or expanding them, and by ensuring they are better indicated;
Amendment 63 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Observes that, in 43% of cases, fatal road accidents in urban areas occur to pedestrians and cyclists, and calls on Member States to take greater account of the more vulnerable road users in building and maintaining roads, for example by building more protected cycle paths, or expanding them;
Amendment 64 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 a (new) 5 a. Observes that, while HGV´s account for only 3% of the vehicles in the road, they are involved in 15% of road fatalities.Vulnerable road users are involved in more than one third of the fatal accidents while numbers show that accidents between HGVs and vulnerable road users are increasing when compared to other categories.Vulnerable road users such as cyclists and pedestrians account for approximately 1 000 truck-related fatalities every year.Calls on the Commission to accelerate the mandatory introduction of ambitious differentiated direct vision standards, intelligent speed assistance and AEBS with cyclist and pedestrian detection for HGVs;
Amendment 65 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Notes that because some cyclists are ignorant of traffic regulations and/or fail to observe them, situations sometimes arise in which their own safety and that of other road users can be endangered;calls on the Commission to consider what kind of proposal it might make to promote safer cycling, thereby enabling bicycles to be dovetailed smoothly with the other modes of urban mobility;
Amendment 66 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 Amendment 67 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Observes that
Amendment 68 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Observes that
Amendment 69 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Observes that relatively fast e-bikes and also other electric
Amendment 7 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A a (new) Aa. whereas the average age of passenger cars, light-duty vehicles and heavy-duty vehicles in the EU is constantly increasing and is now more than 10 years; whereas the age of a vehicle has a direct bearing on the consequences of, and injuries sustained in, a road accident;
Amendment 70 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1 (new) notes that the development and implementation of safety systems ought to make for road safety and that this process will accordingly require some sort of adaptation period;calls on the Commission, therefore, to allow for the time necessary to develop such systems before specific technical legislation is put into effect;
Amendment 71 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Recalls that odometer fraud remains an untackled problem, especially in the second hand cars' market as established by the European Commission in its study on the functioning of the market for second hand cars from a consumer perspective.Urges the Commission and the Member States to address the issue of the manipulation or tampering of odometers through effective measures and legislation;
Amendment 72 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Observes that many drivers are not aware of the necessity and how to form a corridor for emergency vehicle access on motorways in order to allow rescue teams to reach the scene of accident and therefore calls on the European Commission to launch a European awareness campaign and urge the Member States to agree on uniform rules on the formation of such corridors;
Amendment 73 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Stresses the urgent need to better protect vulnerable road users given that they account for 46% of all road fatalities and that fatalities among this group are decreasing much slower than for other road users.Calls therefore on the Commission to mandate new active and passive vehicle safety technologies that protect in particular vulnerable road users;
Amendment 74 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Although the delay to the revision of Regulation (EC) No 661/2009 (type- approval requirements for motor vehicles) is a result of its many provisions, conditions and technical specifications, etc., the revision must be carried out thoroughly and in such a way that takes proper account of its enforceability in practice, harmonisation across all participating Member States and the provisions of the UNECE;
Amendment 75 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Observes, given the advancing age of cars on the road, that an annual roadworthiness test should be compulsory when a vehicle's total mileage has reached 160 000 km1 a, the object being to guarantee that every vehicle will be safe and to ensure that there will be no vehicles on the road other than those meeting the technical access conditions; _________________ 1aThis is the limit laid down in Directive 2014/45/EU, Chapter III, Article 5.
Amendment 76 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Notes that the more vehicles are on the road, the more accidents might occur;calls therefore on the Member States and the Commission to promote collective and shared mobility, especially in urban areas, in order to reduce the circulating fleet, and to increase the proportion of bicycles and of professionally driven vehicles;
Amendment 77 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Bearing in mind that the Valletta declaration on improving road safety has been issued by the Maltese presidency on 29 March 2017, urges the European Commission to include new targets of halving the number of serious injuries on roads in the EU in their new road safety strategy for the decade 2020-2030;
Amendment 78 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Observes that 46% of road fatalities are vulnerable road users. Fatalities among this group are decreasing much slower than other road users.1a Calls on the Commission to mandate new active and passive vehicle safety technologies for all vehicles to tackle this problem; _________________ 1ahttp://europa.eu/rapid/press- release_MEMO-17-675_en.htm
Amendment 79 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Observes that 46% of road fatalities are vulnerable road users. Fatalities among this group are decreasing much slower than other road users.1a Calls on the Commission to mandate new active and passive vehicle safety technologies; _________________ 1ahttp://etsc.eu/intelligent-speed- assistance-new-film-calls-for- safetyasstandard/
Amendment 8 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A a (new) A a. whereas road safety depends on three factors: the vehicle, the infrastructure and the behaviour of the driver and therefore measures in all three areas are necessary to increase road safety;
Amendment 80 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Points out that the equipment compulsory to be carried in a vehicle differs from one Member State to the other and calls on the Commission therefore to draw up an EU-wide binding list of subjects falling under the carrying requirement;
Amendment 81 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6 b. Observes that 15% of road fatalities involve HGVs while they account for only 5% of the vehicles on the road.Vulnerable Road Users (VRU) are involved in more than one third of the fatal accidents.Numbers show that accidents between HGVs and vulnerable road users are increasing compared to other categories.Calls on the Commission to accelerate the introduction of ambitious direct vision standards, intelligent speed assistance, AEBS and other cost-effective measures for HGVs without delay;2a _________________ 2ahttp://www.cadenadesuministro.es/wp- content/uploads/2017/05/Informe-de- seguridad-de-Volvo.pdf
Amendment 82 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6 b. Observes that 15% of road fatalities involve HGVs while they account for only 5% of the vehicles on the road.Calls on the Commission to accelerate mandatory introduction of ambitious differentiated direct vision standards, intelligent speed assistance and AEBS with cyclist and pedestrian detection for HGVs2a _________________ 2ahttp://www.cadenadesuministro.es/wp- content/uploads/2017/05/Informe-de- seguridad-de-Volvo.pdf p.16
Amendment 83 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6 b. Observes 15% of road fatalities involve heavy-goods vehicles while these vehicles only account for 5% of the total number of vehicles on EU roads, underlines that vulnerable road users are involved of one third of these fatal accidents and that the number of such accidents is increasing compared to other categories, therefore stresses the need to improve the safety of heavy-goods vehicles as a matter of urgency;
Amendment 84 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. The Commission should ensure that a harmonised approach is taken so that the relevant provisions are not implemented under different conditions in different countries, which would make international transport and the situation of drivers considerably more complicated;
Amendment 85 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6 b. Asks the Commission to create minimum performance requirements for tyres including at least their rolling resistance, wet grip and noise emission;
Amendment 86 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 c (new) 6c. Stresses that close attention should be paid to improving road traffic safety on all three levels - infrastructure, vehicles and drivers - and effective measures should be taken in the area of active and passive safety;
Amendment 87 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 Amendment 88 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses that some 95% of all accidents are due to human error and that
Amendment 89 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses that some 95% of all accidents are due to human error and that therefore it should be compulsory to incorporate
Amendment 9 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas the installation of driver assistance systems
Amendment 90 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses that
Amendment 91 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses that some 95% of all accidents are due to human error and that therefore it should be compulsory to incorporate driver assistance systems which promote safety, a requirement that should apply only to those driver assistance systems which improve road safety significantly, as demonstrated by scientific evidence, and which have a favourable cost-
Amendment 92 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses that some 9
Amendment 93 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses that some 95% of all accidents are due to human error and that therefore it should be compulsory to incorporate driver assistance systems which promote safety, a requirement that should apply only to those driver assistance systems which improve road safety significantly, as demonstrated by scientific evidence, which have a favourable cost- benefit ratio and which have attained market maturity. Driver assistance systems, which are of relevance for road safety, should be tested before being commissioned;
Amendment 94 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses that some 95% of all accidents are due to human error and that therefore it should be compulsory to incorporate driver assistance systems which promote safety where their benefits are clearly proven, a requirement that should apply only to those driver assistance systems which improve road safety significantly, as demonstrated by scientific evidence, which have a favourable cost- benefit ratio and which have attained market maturity.
Amendment 95 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 a (new) 7 a. Calls on the Commission and Member States to improve the safety level of existing vehicles in use, by incentivizing and promoting retrofitting of vehicles with cost effective road safety systems with features including forward collision warning (FCW), lane departure warning (LDW), pedestrian collision warning, driver's blind spot detection, driver doziness detection and other appropriate systems;
Amendment 96 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 Amendment 97 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 – introductory part 8. Calls on manufacturers and operators:
Amendment 98 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 – point b Amendment 99 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 – point b source: 608.073
|
History
(these mark the time of scraping, not the official date of the change)
committees/0/associated |
Old
TrueNew
|
committees/1 |
Old
New
|
committees/2 |
Old
New
|
committees/0/shadows/3 |
|
docs/0/docs/0/url |
Old
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=COMPARL&mode=XML&language=EN&reference=PE606.166New
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TRAN-PR-606166_EN.html |
docs/1/docs/0/url |
Old
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=COMPARL&mode=XML&language=EN&reference=PE608.073New
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TRAN-AM-608073_EN.html |
docs/2/docs/0/url |
Old
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=COMPARL&mode=XML&language=EN&reference=PE606.030&secondRef=02New
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/IMCO-AD-606030_EN.html |
events/1/type |
Old
Committee referral announced in Parliament, 1st reading/single readingNew
Committee referral announced in Parliament |
events/3/type |
Old
Vote in committee, 1st reading/single readingNew
Vote in committee |
events/4 |
|
events/4 |
|
events/5/docs/0/url |
Old
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?secondRef=TOC&language=EN&reference=20171113&type=CRENew
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-8-2017-11-13-TOC_EN.html |
events/7 |
|
events/7 |
|
procedure/Modified legal basis |
Rules of Procedure EP 159
|
procedure/Other legal basis |
Rules of Procedure EP 159
|
docs/3/body |
EC
|
events/4/docs/0/url |
Old
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=REPORT&mode=XML&reference=A8-2017-0330&language=ENNew
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/A-8-2017-0330_EN.html |
events/7/docs/0/url |
Old
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&language=EN&reference=P8-TA-2017-0423New
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-8-2017-0423_EN.html |
committees/0 |
|
committees/0 |
|
committees/1 |
|
committees/1 |
|
activities |
|
commission |
|
committees/0 |
|
committees/0 |
|
committees/1 |
|
committees/1 |
|
committees/2 |
|
committees/2 |
|
docs |
|
events |
|
links |
|
other |
|
procedure/Modified legal basis |
Old
Rules of Procedure of the European Parliament EP 150New
Rules of Procedure EP 159 |
procedure/dossier_of_the_committee |
Old
TRAN/8/10148New
|
procedure/legal_basis/0 |
Rules of Procedure EP 54
|
procedure/legal_basis/0 |
Rules of Procedure of the European Parliament EP 052
|
procedure/subject |
Old
New
|
activities/5 |
|
procedure/stage_reached |
Old
Awaiting Parliament 1st reading / single reading / budget 1st stageNew
Procedure completed |
activities/4/docs |
|
activities/4/type |
Old
Debate in plenary scheduledNew
Debate in Parliament |
activities/3/docs/0/text |
|
activities/5 |
|
activities/3/docs |
|
activities/3 |
|
activities/4/type |
Old
Indicative plenary sitting date, 1st reading/single readingNew
Debate in plenary scheduled |
activities/5 |
|
procedure/stage_reached |
Old
Awaiting committee decisionNew
Awaiting Parliament 1st reading / single reading / budget 1st stage |
activities/2 |
|
procedure/Modified legal basis |
Rules of Procedure of the European Parliament EP 150
|
activities/0/docs/0/text |
|
activities/1 |
|
procedure/dossier_of_the_committee |
TRAN/8/10148
|
procedure/stage_reached |
Old
Preparatory phase in ParliamentNew
Awaiting committee decision |
activities/0/commission/0 |
|
other/0 |
|
activities/1 |
|
activities |
|
committees |
|
links |
|
other |
|
procedure |
|